Recensions

François DAGOGNET, La maîtrise du vivant

Trobas de Mosen Jaime Febrer : que contienen los nombres, apellidos y azañas de 544 señores, que de varias provincias asistieron en la conquista de Valencia...

Incipit : "Prologo. Guillermo Febrer, nobilissimo docto y experimentado fue muy estimado de D. Jaime I de Aragon"Es una traducción liberal de Berni y Català de lesÍndices: Indice de apellidos en v.

La multiplicitat religiosa i el Cristianisme a Corea del Sud. Paper i triomf del Cristianisme en la societat sudcoreana

Com en altres regions asiàtiques, la societat coreana i les seves tradicions i cultura tenen com a característica principal el sincretisme, es formen a partir de diversos inputs que es desenvolupen i s'adapten amb el temps. L'àmbit religiós no és una excepció. Aquesta tesis es centra en fer un estudi d'allò que dóna forma la religiositat i espiritualitat coreana, s'introdueixen les creences autòctones, les filosofies orientals més influents i es fa una especial menció al Cristianisme i la influència que exerceix en el panorama modern i actual de la religió a Corea del Sud.Como en otras regiones asiáticas, la sociedad coreana, sus tradiciones y cultura tienen como principal característica el sincretismo, se forman a partir de inputs que se desarrollan y adaptan con el tiempo. El ámbito religioso no es una excepción. Esta tesis se centra en hacer un estudio de lo que forma la religiosidad y espiritualidad coreana, se introduce la creencia autóctona, las filosofías orientales más influyentes y se hace una especial mención al cristianismo y la influencia que ejerce en el panorama moderno y actual de la religión en Corea del Sur.As in many other Asian regions, the main characteristic of Korean society, traditions and culture is syncretism, they are made of inputs that develop and adapt to the environment through time. The religious sphere is not an exception. This paper focuses on studying what are the components of religiosity and spirituality in Korea; native beliefs will be introduced, along with most important eastern philosophies, and special attention will be paid to Christianity and the influence it exercises over modern and nowadays religious situation in South Korea

Perfil i condicions de vida dels estudiants universitaris : el risc d'estudiar un grau universitari fora de l'entorn residencial i social primari

Aquest TFG analitza la situació dels estudiants que s'han hagut de desplaçar de residència per tal de cursar un grau universitari. Per una banda, s'aborda el tipus de perfil i per l'altra, s'analitza si el canvi de residència condiciona la manera de viure l'experiència universitària. El treball, es centra principalment, en si els qui es desplacen han d'assumir uns riscos socioeconòmics (no poder afrontar els costos dels estudis, no poder superar-los, perdre el grup d'iguals primari, sentir-se incapaç de compensar el deute amb els pares...) superiors a l'hora d'accedir a la universitat a diferència dels que no es desplacen. S'han utilitzat dades de l'enquesta Via Universitària 2017-19 per tal d'avaluar la situació de l'estudiant, analitzant les variables de caràcter perfil com la via d'accés, nota d'accés, interrupció dels estudis, origen social i dificultat dels estudis. Com variables de condicions de vida com el coneixement del funcionament del sistema de participació, la participació política i cultural, el grau de dependència dels ingressos dels pares i les beques per tal de fer front als costos, així com el règim de dedicació.Este TFG analiza la situación de los estudiantes que se han tenido que desplazar de residencia para cursar un grado universitario. Por un lado, se aborda el tipo de perfil y por el otro, se analiza si el cambio de residencia condiciona la manera de vivir la experiencia universitaria. El trabajo, se centra principalmente en si los que se desplazan deben asumir unos riesgos socioeconómicos (no poder afrontar los costes de los estudios, no poder superarlos, perder el grupo de iguales primario, sentirse incapaz de compensar la deuda con los padres...) superiores a la hora de acceder a la universidad a diferencia de los que no se desplazan. Se han utilizado datos de la encuesta Vía Universitaria 2017-19 para evaluar la situación del estudiante, analizando las variables de carácter perfil como la vía de acceso, nota de acceso, interrupción de los estudios, origen social y dificultad de los estudios. Y variables de condiciones de vida como el conocimiento del funcionamiento del sistema de participación, la participación política y cultural, el grado de dependencia de los ingresos de los padres y las becas para hacer frente a los costes, así como el régimen de dedicación.This TFG analyzes the situation of students who have had to move from residence to pursue a university degree. On the one hand, the type of profile is addressed and on the other, it is analyzed whether the change of residence conditions the way of living the university experience. The work focuses mainly on whether those who move must assume socioeconomic risks (not being able to face the costs of studies, not being able to overcome them, losing the primary peer group, feeling unable to offset debt with parents ... ) higher than when they go to university unlike those who do not move. Data from the Vía Universitaria 2017-19 survey were used to evaluate the student's situation, analyzing the variables of a profile nature such as the access mode, access note, interruption of studies, social origin and difficulty of studies. And variables of living conditions such as knowledge of the functioning of the participation system, political and cultural participation, the degree of dependence on parental income and scholarships to meet costs, as well as the dedication regime

Visualization of membrane loss during the shrinkage of giant vesicles under electropulsation

We study the effect of permeabilizing electric fields applied to two different types of giant unilamellar vesicles, the first formed from EggPC lipids and the second formed from DOPC lipids. Experiments on vesicles of both lipid types show a decrease in vesicle radius which is interpreted as being due to lipid loss during the permeabilization process. We show that the decrease in size can be qualitatively explained as a loss of lipid area which is proportional to the area of the vesicle which is permeabilized. Three possible mechanisms responsible for lipid loss were directly observed: pore formation, vesicle formation and tubule formation.Comment: Final published versio

Differences In Adipose Tissue And Lean Mass Distribution In Patients With Collagen Vi Related Myopathies Are Associated With Disease Severity And Physical Ability

Mutations in human collagen VI genes cause a spectrum of musculoskeletal conditions in children and adults collectively termed collagen VI-related myopathies (COL6-RM) characterized by a varying degree of muscle weakness and joint contractures and which include Ullrich Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (UCMD) and Bethlem Myopathy (BM). Given that collagen VI is one of the most abundant extracellular matrix proteins in adipose tissue and its emerging role in energy metabolism we hypothesized that collagen VI deficiency might be associated with alterations in adipose tissue distribution and adipokines serum profile. We analyzed body composition by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 30 pediatric and adult COL6-RM myopathy patients representing a range of severities (UCMD, intermediate-COL6-RM, and BM). We found a distinctive pattern of regional adipose tissue accumulation which was more evident in children at the most severe end of the spectrum. In particular, the accumulation of fat in the android region was a distinguishing feature of UCMD patients. In parallel, there was a decrease in lean mass compatible with a state of sarcopenia, particularly in ambulant children with an intermediate phenotype. All children and adult patients that were sarcopenic were also obese. These changes were significantly more pronounced in children with collagen VI deficiency than in children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy of the same ambulatory status. High molecular weight adiponectin and leptin were significantly increased in sera from children in the intermediate and BM group. Correlation analysis showed that the parameters of fat mass were negatively associated with motor function according to several validated outcome measures. In contrast, lean mass parameters correlated positively with physical performance and quality of life. Leptin and adiponectin circulating levels correlated positively with fat mass parameters and negatively with lean mass and thus may be relevant to the disease pathogenesis and as circulating markers. Taken together our results indicate that COL6-RM are characterized by specific changes in total fat mass and distribution which associate with disease severity, motor function, and quality of life and which are clinically meaningful and thus should be taken into consideration in the management of these patients

Increased chromosomal radiosensitivity in asymptomatic carriers of a heterozygous BRCA1 mutation

Background: Breast cancer risk increases drastically in individuals carrying a germline BRCA1 mutation. The exposure to ionizing radiation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes of BRCA1 mutation carriers is counterintuitive, since BRCA1 is active in the DNA damage response pathway. The aim of this study was to investigate whether healthy BRCA1 mutations carriers demonstrate an increased radiosensitivity compared with healthy individuals. Methods: We defined a novel radiosensitivity indicator (RIND) based on two endpoints measured by the G2 micronucleus assay, reflecting defects in DNA repair and G2 arrest capacity after exposure to doses of 2 or 4 Gy. We investigated if a correlation between the RIND score and nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) could be established. Results: We found significantly increased radiosensitivity in the cohort of healthy BRCA1 mutation carriers compared with healthy controls. In addition, our analysis showed a significantly different distribution over the RIND scores (p = 0.034, Fisher’s exact test) for healthy BRCA1 mutation carriers compared with non-carriers: 72 % of mutation carriers showed a radiosensitive phenotype (RIND score 1–4), whereas 72 % of the healthy volunteers showed no radiosensitivity (RIND score 0). Furthermore, 28 % of BRCA1 mutation carriers had a RIND score of 3 or 4 (not observed in control subjects). The radiosensitive phenotype was similar for relatives within several families, but not for unrelated individuals carrying the same mutation. The median RIND score was higher in patients with a mutation leading to a premature termination codon (PTC) located in the central part of the gene than in patients with a germline mutation in the 5′ end of the gene. Conclusions: We show that BRCA1 mutations are associated with a radiosensitive phenotype related to a compromised DNA repair and G2 arrest capacity after exposure to either 2 or 4 Gy. Our study confirms that haploinsufficiency is the mechanism involved in radiosensitivity in patients with a PTC allele, but it suggests that further research is needed to evaluate alternative mechanisms for mutations not subjected to NMD