Vocational Education and Training in Tanzania and Zimbabwe in the Context of Economic Reform

Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

Estudo preliminar da compatibilidade da variedade Thompson Seedless sobre 10 porta-enxertos.

Tendo em vista a grande variação de comportamento da combinação copa x porta-enxerto, para diferentes condições de clima e solo, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de compatibilidade e pegamento na enxertia da cultivar Thompson Seedless sobre 10 tipos de porta-enxertos, visando ampliar a gama de variedades disponíveis, com bons resultados na enxertia de mesa

Determinação do potencial germinativo e caracterização de acessos de Cucurbita moschata e C. Maxima no Vale do São Francisco.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever e estudar sucintamente todo o processo pós-germinativo de dezesseis acessos compostos de Cucurbita moschata e C. maxima para obter estimativas da divergência genética entre as mesmas. Tais estimativas são fundamentais para o sucesso na condução de um programa de melhoramento envolvendo hibridações. A seleção de acessos foi feita em materiais pertencentes ao Banco Ativo de Germoplasma - BAG da Embrapa Semi-Árido referentes aos dados de passaporte no que diz respeito à coloração da polpa, acesso com maiores números e variabilidade de sementes. O plantio foi realizado em casa de vegetação na Embrapa Semi-Árido (Petrolina-PE). Foi analisada a percentagem de germinação das sementes, formato e comprimento dos cotilédones, diâmetro e comprimento da haste, sendo também avaliados outros descritores para folha, flores e a precocidade no surgimento da primeira flor feminina. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram diferenças entre os acessos estudados, sendo que a maioria apresentou índice de germinação igual a 100%, formato do cotilédone predominante elíptico largo, observando-se ainda diferenças significativas em relação à altura e diâmetro da haste

Divergência fenotípica entre acessos de uvas de vinho no semi-árido brasileiro.

No manejo das coleções de germoplasma vegetal, a estimativa variabilidade entre acessos proporcionao estabelecimento de estratégias de identificação de parentais de interesse para obtenção de híbridos em programas de melhoramento

Effet De La Fertilisation Phospho-Potassique Sur Le Rendement Grainier Et La Qualite Des Semences De Cajanus Cajan L. Millsp. Sur Un Ferrasol A Yamoussoukro, Region Centre De La Cote D’ivoire

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilization on the production and the quality of pigeon pea seeds produced on a ferrasol type sol. A completely randomized block design was used, in a 2x3x3 factorial set with three replications. A density of 20 000 plants ha -1 was used. The treatments were 0, 40, 80, units for phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (KCl). Treatment which received P80K80 fertilization had greater productivity (650 kg) but a low germination rate (30 %). The optimal dose (523 kg and 90 % germination rate) was obtained with P40K80, followed by P40K40 dose (516 kg and 82 % germination rate). Phosphorus and potassium had mutually acted and influenced positively the production and the quality of the seeds of C. cajan

Teaching surgical skills in a resource-limited setting: Comparing massed versus distributed practice in an ultrasound-guided breast biopsy simulator

Background: Teaching surgical skills in the simulation lab has increased markedly compared to teaching only in the operating room. Although many studies have been performed investigating the optimal teaching methodology for skills acquisition, there is no consensus on the best method. Massed and distributed practices are important methods in teaching procedural skills. Considering the limited human and logistical resources in low and middle-income settings, it is valuable to understand the optimal methodology for learning and acquiring surgical skills. Methods: Thirty-two core needle biopsy-naïve first-year residents and final year medical students rotating in general surgery were enrolled in and completed the study at University Teaching Hospital of Kigali, a tertiary, teaching and referral hospital in Kigali, Rwanda. They were assigned to a “massed” group (i.e., one time, 3-hour practice) or “distributed” group (i.e., 1-hour practice per week for 3 weeks). Trainees were taught ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy on a high-fidelity breast simulator. All participants completed pre- and post-tests and an evaluation of skill retention was performed one month after completion of the training. Analysis of performance was completed, and p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was no difference between performance on the pretest (p=0.985) and the posttest (p=0.680). Both groups demonstrated improvement after implementation of the simulation training when comparing pretest and posttest results (p<0.001); there were no differences in the evaluation of skills retention after one month after the training between the two groups (p=0.273). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that both groups have improved significantly their knowledge and skills. Trainees have similar retention of skills in ultrasound guided core needle biopsy on a breast simulator whether trained under a massed or distributed practice schedule. Both methods may be considered in our setting for teaching surgical skills. Keywords: surgical simulation; resource-limited setting; global surgery

Modelling of the effect of ELMs on fuel retention at the bulk W divertor of JET

Effect of ELMs on fuel retention at the bulk W target of JET ITER-Like Wall was studied with multi-scale calculations. Plasma input parameters were taken from ELMy H-mode plasma experiment. The energetic intra-ELM fuel particles get implanted and create near-surface defects up to depths of few tens of nm, which act as the main fuel trapping sites during ELMs. Clustering of implantation-induced vacancies were found to take place. The incoming flux of inter-ELM plasma particles increases the different filling levels of trapped fuel in defects. The temperature increase of the W target during the pulse increases the fuel detrapping rate. The inter-ELM fuel particle flux refills the partially emptied trapping sites and fills new sites. This leads to a competing effect on the retention and release rates of the implanted particles. At high temperatures the main retention appeared in larger vacancy clusters due to increased clustering rate

On the mechanisms governing gas penetration into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection

A new 1D radial fluid code, IMAGINE, is used to simulate the penetration of gas into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection (MGI). The main result is that the gas is in general strongly braked as it reaches the plasma, due to mechanisms related to charge exchange and (to a smaller extent) recombination. As a result, only a fraction of the gas penetrates into the plasma. Also, a shock wave is created in the gas which propagates away from the plasma, braking and compressing the incoming gas. Simulation results are quantitatively consistent, at least in terms of orders of magnitude, with experimental data for a D 2 MGI into a JET Ohmic plasma. Simulations of MGI into the background plasma surrounding a runaway electron beam show that if the background electron density is too high, the gas may not penetrate, suggesting a possible explanation for the recent results of Reux et al in JET (2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 093013)

The motion of stars near the Galactic center: A comparison of the black hole and fermion ball scenarios

After a discussion of the properties of degenerate fermion balls, we analyze the orbits of the stars S0-1 and S0-2, which have the smallest projected distances to Sgr A*, in the supermassive black hole as well as in the fermion ball scenarios of the Galactic center. It is shown that both scenarios are consistent with the data, as measured during the last six years by Genzel et al. and Ghez et al. The free parameters of the projected orbit of a star are the unknown components of its velocity v_z and distance z to Sgr A* in 1995.4, with the z-axis being in the line of sight. We show, in the case of S0-1 and S0-2, that the z-v_z phase-space which fits the data, is much larger for the fermion ball than for the black hole scenario. Future measurements of the positions or radial velocities of S0-1 and S0-2 could reduce this allowed phase-space and eventually rule out one of the currently acceptable scenarios. This may shed some light into the nature of the supermassive compact dark object, or dark matter in general at the center of our Galaxy.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figures, Latex, aasms4 styl

Influência de porta-enxertos sobre a composição do suco da uva 'Isabel Precoce' elaborado no Vale do Submédio do São Francisco.

Em função da crescente demanda nacional por suco de uva e da necessidade de avaliar a qualidade desse novo produto explorado na região do Vale do Submédio do São Francisco, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a composição físico-química de sucos de uva elaborados a partir da variedade 'Isabel Precoce' (Vitis labrusca), enxertadas sobre diferentes porta-enxerto