Papel de PGC-1α en la viabilidad miocárdica y el remodelado ventricular tras infarto agudo de miocardio

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-Gamma Coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) es un coactivador transcripcional maestro en el control del metabolismo oxidativo que controla los niveles mitocondriales de especies reactivas de oxigeno, mediante la inducción de sistemas antioxidantes. Estudios previos muestran que la supervivencia celular tras un proceso isquémico depende de su capacidad antioxidante, y la recuperación posterior del tejido esta mediada por cambios fundamentales en el metabolismo celular. Además, se había demostrado que la expresión de PGC-1α está fuertemente regulada en respuesta a cambios en la presión parcial de oxígeno a nivel tisular y puede proteger el músculo cardiaco en situaciones de sobrecarga. Por todo ello, decidimos evaluar el impacto clínico de la determinación del grado de expresión de PGC-1α tras infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMEST). Para ello, diseñamos un estudio prospectivo en pacientes con IAMEST sometidos a terapia de reperfusión. Se aislará el ácido ribonucleico de linfocitos en plasma al ingreso y a las 72 horas, y se determinará la expresión de PGC-1α, adenine nucleotide translocase 1 y diferentes dianas génicas del sistema mitocondrial mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa cuantitativa. La muestra será dividida en función del grado de expresión basal de PGC-1α y la presencia o no de inducción en la evolución. El tamaño del infarto, el miocardio salvado y el remodelado ventricular se estimarán a través del realce tardío de gadolinio, el edema miocárdico en fase aguda y el volumen telediastólico del ventrículo izquierdo respectivamente, mediante resonancia magnética cardiaca realizada en la primera semana post-infarto y a los 6 meses. El objetivo final del estudio es caracterizar los niveles de expresión de PGC-1α en respuesta al estrés miocárdico desencadenado por el proceso de isquemia-reperfusión, evaluando si los valores basales de la molécula y su inducción tras el IAMEST se relacionan con la extensión de la necrosis, el área miocárdica en riesgo y la función ventricular, con objeto de definir un perfil de activación cardioprotector

Performance–energy trade‑ofs of deep learning convolution algorithms on ARM processors

In this work, we assess the performance and energy efciency of high-performance codes for the convolution operator, based on the direct, explicit/implicit lowering and Winograd algorithms used for deep learning (DL) inference on a series of ARM-based processor architectures. Specifcally, we evaluate the NVIDIA Denver2 and Carmel processors, as well as the ARM Cortex-A57 and Cortex-A78AE CPUs as part of a recent set of NVIDIA Jetson platforms. The performance–energy evaluation is carried out using the ResNet-50 v1.5 convolutional neural network (CNN) on varying confgurations of convolution algorithms, number of threads/cores, and operating frequencies on the tested processor cores. The results demonstrate that the best throughput is obtained on all platforms with the Winograd convolution operator running on all the cores at their highest frequency. However, if the goal is to reduce the energy footprint, there is no rule of thumb for the optimal confguration.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume

Performance–energy trade-offs of deep learning convolution algorithms on ARM processors

In this work, we assess the performance and energy efficiency of high-performance codes for the convolution operator, based on the direct, explicit/implicit lowering and Winograd algorithms used for deep learning (DL) inference on a series of ARM-based processor architectures. Specifically, we evaluate the NVIDIA Denver2 and Carmel processors, as well as the ARM Cortex-A57 and Cortex-A78AE CPUs as part of a recent set of NVIDIA Jetson platforms. The performance–energy evaluation is carried out using the ResNet-50 v1.5 convolutional neural network (CNN) on varying configurations of convolution algorithms, number of threads/cores, and operating frequencies on the tested processor cores. The results demonstrate that the best throughput is obtained on all platforms with the Winograd convolution operator running on all the cores at their highest frequency. However, if the goal is to reduce the energy footprint, there is no rule of thumb for the optimal configuration.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This research was funded by Project PID2020-113656RB-C21/C22 supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Manuel F. Dolz was also supported by the Plan Gen–T grant CDEIGENT/2018/014 of the Generalitat Valenciana. Héctor Martínez is a POSTDOC_21_00025 fellow supported by Junta de Andalucía. Adrián Castelló is a FJC2019-039222-I fellow supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Antonio Maciá is a PRE2021-099284 fellow supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033

PGC-1α regula la respuesta celular frente a estrés oxidativo en el miocardio tras síndrome coronario agudo

PGC-1α es un factor de transcripción maestro en la regulación mitocondrial de genes de protección frente a estrés oxidativo. Decidimos analizar el papel de la molécula en la regulación celular miocárdica tras infarto agudo. Evaluamos 38 pacientes con diagnóstico de SCACEST sometidos a estrategia de reperfusión. Encontramos que los pacientes con nivel basal de expresión reducido y mayor inducción de PGC-1α tras el evento presentaban infartos más extensos estimados por resonancia cardiaca. Concluimos que PGC-1α participa en la regulación de la respuesta celular frente a isquemia, en base a la activación de enzimas de protección mitocondrial.PGC-1α és un factor de transcripció mestre en l'activació de gens de protecció mitocondrial en situacions d'estrés oxidatiu. Vam analitzar el paper de la molècula en la regulació celular miocàrdica després d'un infart agut de miocardi. Vam evaluar 38 pacients amb diagnòstic de SCAEST sotmesos a reperfusió. Trobarem que els pacients amb nivells basals d'expressió reduïts i major inducció de PGC-1α després de l'event presentaven infarts més extensos estimats per resonancia cardiaca. Vam concluïr que PGC-1α participa en la regulació de la resposta cel·lular en situacions d'isquèmia, ja que activa enzims de protecció mitocondrial

Mumps: MMR vaccination and genetic diversity of mumps virus, 2007-2011 in Catalonia, Spain

Background: Mumps is a vaccine-preventable disease but outbreaks have been reported in persons vaccinated with two doses of MMR vaccine. The objective was to describe the demographic features, vaccination effectiveness and genetic mumps virus diversity among laboratory-confirmed cases between 2007 and 2011 in Catalonia. Methods: Cases and outbreaks of mumps notified to the notifiable diseases system of Catalonia between 2007 and 2011 retrospectively registered were included. Public health care centres provided written immunization records to regional public health staff to determine the vaccination history. Saliva and serum specimens were collected from suspected cases for laboratory-confirmation using real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR (rtRT-PCR) or serological testing. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete SH gene (316 nucleotides) and complete coding HN protein (1749 nucleotides) sequences was made. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square or Fisher's tests and continuous variables using the Student test. Vaccination effectiveness by number of MMR doses was estimated using the screening method. Results: During the study period, 581 confirmed cases of mumps were notified (incidence rate 1.6 cases/100,000 persons-year), of which 60% were male. Three hundred sixty-four laboratory-confirmed cases were reported, of which 44% were confirmed by rtRT-PCR. Of the 289 laboratory-confirmed cases belonging to vaccination cohorts, 33.5% (97) had received one dose of MMR vaccine and 50% (145) two doses. Based on phylogenetic analyses of 316-nucleotide and 174-nucleotide SH sequences, the viruses belonging to viral genotypes were: genotype G (126), genotype D (23), genotype H (2), genotype F (2), genotype J (1), while one remained uncharacterized. Amino acid differences were detected between circulating strains and the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strains, although the majority of amino acid substitutions were genotype-specific. Fifty-one outbreaks were notified that included 324 confirmed mumps cases. Genotype G was the most frequent genotype detected. The family (35%), secondary schools (25%) and community outbreaks (18%) were the most frequent settings. Conclusions: Our study shows that genotype G viruses are the most prevalent in Catalonia. Most cases occurred in people who had received two doses of MMR, suggesting inadequate effectiveness of the Jeryl Lynn vaccine strain. The possible factors related are discussed

Nuevos datos para la flora de Aragón, III

Chorological data on 13 taxa scarce or rare for the flora of Aragón, from Teruel and Zaragoza provinces, are contributed, highlighting Centaurium quadrifolium (L.) G. López & Ch.E. Jarvis subsp. quadrifolium, Ophioglossum azoricum C. Presl and Rhaponticoides alpina (L.) M.V. Agab. & Greuter as first records for Aragón, and also two new localities of Lonicera arborea Boiss. from Javalambre Mountain Range

Guia d'estalvi energètic a les biblioteques de la UPC

Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Guia de ahorro energético en las bibliotecas de la UPC

Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Single-cell Atlas of common variable immunodeficiency shows germinal center-associated epigenetic dysregulation in B-cell responses

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), the most prevalent symptomatic primary immunodeficiency, displays impaired terminal B-cell differentiation and defective antibody responses. Incomplete genetic penetrance and ample phenotypic expressivity in CVID suggest the participation of additional pathogenic mechanisms. Monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for CVID are uniquely valuable for studying the contribution of epigenetics to the disease. Here, we generate a single-cell epigenomics and transcriptomics census of naïve-to-memory B cell differentiation in a CVID-discordant MZ twin pair. Our analysis identifies DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility and transcriptional defects in memory B-cells mirroring defective cell-cell communication upon activation. These findings are validated in a cohort of CVID patients and healthy donors. Our findings provide a comprehensive multi-omics map of alterations in naïve-to-memory B-cell transition in CVID and indicate links between the epigenome and immune cell cross-talk. Our resource, publicly available at the Human Cell Atlas, gives insight into future diagnosis and treatments of CVID patients