CONHECIMENTO CRONOBIOLÓGICO DE ACADÊMICOS DO CURSO DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA DA FACULDADE ASSIS GURGACZ E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A APRENDIZAGEM

O ser humano possui perodos do dia em que se encontra mais ativo, com maior facilidade para o aprendizado. Se um indivduo conhecer seu cronotipo e os horrios pertinentes e mais adequados para estudar, poder distribuir tarefas dirias em favor da produtividade e qualidade de vida. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o perfil cronobiolgico dos acadmicos do 3 perodo matutino e noturno do curso de Educao Fsica da FAG e compar-los com suas mdias aritmticas. Para identificao dos cronotipos, aplicou-se questionrio proposto por HORNE e OSTBERG (1976), adaptado por CARDINALI (1992). Constatou-se que dos 25 acadmicos do perodo matutino, 8 (32%) tm seu cronotipo classificado como moderadamente matutino, 12 (48%) intermedirio, 5 (20%) moderadamente vespertino, ou seja, estes ltimos tm seu cronotipo em desacordo com o horrio de estudo. Dos 46 acadmicos do perodo noturno, 22 (47,83%) tm seu cronotipo classificado como intermedirio, 8 (17,39%) moderadamente vespertino, 16 (34,78%) moderadamente matutino e estudam em desacordo ao seu cronotipo. Analisando-se as mdias aritmticas dos 25 alunos do perodo matutino 5 (20%) tinham notas abaixo da media, sendo 1 deles moderadamente matutino, 2 intermedirios e 2 moderadamente vespertinos. Dos 46 acadmicos do perodo noturno, 5 (10,86%) apresentam notas abaixo da mdia, sendo 2 moderadamente matutino e 3 intermedirios. Atravs dos dados, concluiu-se que os indivduos que freqentam as aulas em horrios condizentes com o seu cronotipo podem apresentar uma maior produtividade, fato que contribuir para uma melhor aprendizagem e qualidade de vida

Uso de estufim e de AIB para o enraizamento de miniestacas de Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake × Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell

The genus Eucalyptus has great importance in forest plantations. However, some species and clones of this genus present difficulties in the seedling production process by the rooting cuttings. Some alternatives have been used to overcome the rooting recalcitrance, such as the use of growth regulators and the use of mini-tunnels in the clonal mini-garden. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the permanence time of mini-ceps under the mini-tunnel and of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of mini-cuttings of a hybrid clone of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus pellita. Four IBA concentrations and a control treatment (0, 1.000, 2.000, 4.000 and 8.000 mg L-1) and two times in a mini-tunnel (40 and 70 days) were tested. The seedlings produced with higher concentrations of AIB presented mean height and root collar diameter greater than those without the presence of auxin at the exit of the greenhouse. The dry mass of the aerial part presented higher values for the shortest period of mini-tunnel at the exit of the greenhouse. Higher IBA concentrations provided an increase in the number of mini-cuttings rooted at the exit of the greenhouse and area under full sun. The use of 8.000 mg L-1 of IBA increased the percentage of roots considered optimal, in the two tested mini-tunnel times, and reduced the callus formation, being efficient for rooting in general terms, reaching 95 % at the exit of the area under full sun. The time of use of the greenhouse in the clonal mini-garden did not significantly influence the production of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus pellita seedlings under the conditions analyzed.O gênero Eucalyptus possui grande importância em plantios florestais. No entanto, algumas espécies e clones deste gênero apresentam dificuldades no processo de produção de mudas pelo enraizamento de estacas. Algumas alternativas estão sendo utilizadas para contornar a recalcitrância ao enraizamento, como o uso de reguladores de crescimento e a utilização de estufins no minijardim clonal. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do tempo de permanência das minicepas sob o estufim e de diferentes concentrações de ácido indol-3-butírico (AIB) no enraizamento de miniestacas de um clone híbrido de Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus pellita. Foram testadas quatro concentrações de AIB e um tratamento-controle (0, 1.000, 2.000, 4.000 e 8.000 mg L-1) e dois tempos sob estufim (40 e 70 dias). Mudas produzidas com maiores concentrações do AIB apresentaram altura média e diâmetro do coleto superiores àquelas sem a presença da auxina na saída da casa de vegetação. A massa seca da parte aérea apresentou maiores valores para o menor tempo de estufim na saída da casa de vegetação. Maiores concentrações de AIB proporcionaram o aumento do número de miniestacas enraizadas na saída da casa de vegetação e da área de pleno sol. O uso de 8.000 mg L-1 de AIB aumentou o percentual de raízes consideradas ótimas, nos dois tempos de estufim testados, e reduziu a formação de calos, mostrando-se eficiente para o enraizamento em termos gerais, alcançando 95 % na saída da área de pleno sol. O tempo de uso do estufim no minijardim clonal não influenciou significativamente a produção de mudas de Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus pellita dentro das condições analisadas

Determination of the morphological pattern of pacu’s (Piaractus mesopotamicus) gills

To pathological assessments or recognition of changes in the morphology of these is necessary knowledge of a normal morphological pattern, being this then the goal of this study. Were collected 20 animals (Piaractus mesopotamicus), from cultivation environments the region of Grande Dourados, with total length of 35 cm and 750 g approximately. During data collection, the animals were anesthetized with benzocaine, euthanized and dissected for macroscopic evaluation of organs "in situ". After, collected the gills, fixed in Bouin solution and stained by the usual method Hematoxylin-eosin and alcian blue technique+ PAS. Macroscopically it was observed that these had brilliant crimson red coloration, located internally, protected by beeswax, with numerous traces spaced, filaments and secondary lamellae. Under light microscopy was possible to identify the branchial artery, cartilaginous structure, cells pillars, respiratory epithelium and mucous cells. We concluded that this species has a branchial structure very similar to that of other freshwater teleosteans, although more studies are necessary to compare this structure in all phases of his life and times of the year.In order to carry out pathological evaluations or recognition of changes in the morphology of pacu gills, it is necessary to know a regular morphological pattern, which is the purpose of this study. Twenty animals (Piaractus mesopotamicus) were collected from cultivated environments of the “Grande Dourados” region, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, with an average total length of 35 cm and 750 g. During collection, the animals were anesthetized with benzocaine, euthanized and dissected for macroscopic evaluation of the organs “in situ”. The gills were fixed in Bouin's solution and stained by the usual Hematoxylin/Eosin method and the alcian blue + PAS technique (Schiff periodic acid). Macroscopically it was observed that the gills were bright red, internally located, protected by the opercula, with numerous spaced traces, filaments and secondary lamellae. Under the light microscopy it was possible to identify the gill’s arteries, cartilaginous structure, pillar cells, respiratory epithelium and mucous cells. We conclude that this species has a gill structure very similar to that of other freshwater teleosts, but more studies are necessary to compare this structure in all phases of its life and different times of the year

Deep inspiration breath hold: dosimetric benefits to decrease cardiac dose during postoperative radiation therapy for breast cancer patients

Background: Postoperative radiation therapy (RT) is the standard treatment for almost all patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Even with modern RT techniques, parts of the heart may still receive higher doses than those recommended by clinically validated dose limit restrictions, especially when the left breast is irradiated. Deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) may reduce irradiated cardiac volume compared to free breathing (FB) treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the dosimetric impact on the heart and left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in FB and DIBH RT planning in patients with left breast cancer. Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study of women diagnosed with left-sided breast cancer submitted to breast surgery followed by postoperative RT from 2015 to 2019. All patients were planned with FB and DIBH and  hypofractionated dose prescription (40.05 Gy in 15 fractions). Results: 68 patients were included in the study. For the coverage of the planned target volume evaluation [planning target volume (PTV) eval] there was no significant difference between the DIBH versus FB planning. For the heart and LAD parameters, all constraints evaluated favored DIBH planning, with statistical significance. Regarding the heart,  median V16.8 Gy was 2.56% in FB vs. 0% in DIBH (p < 0.001); median V8.8 Gy was 3.47% in FB vs. 0% in DIBH (p < 0.001) and the median of mean heart dose was 1.97 Gy in FB vs. 0.92 Gy in DIBH (p < 0.001). For the LAD constraints D2% < 42 Gy, the median dose was 34.87 Gy in FB versus 5.8  Gy in DIBH (p < 0.001); V16.8 Gy < 10%, the median was 15.87% in FB versus 0% in DIBH (p < 0.001) and the median of mean LAD dose was 8.13Gy in FB versus 2.92Gy in DIBH (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The DIBH technique has consistently demonstrated a significant dose reduction in the heart and LAD in all evaluated constraints, while keeping the same dose coverage in the PTV eval

Anticoagulação em grávidas com valva metálica : Anticoagulation in pregnant women with metallic valve

Este artigo analisou a produção científica sobre mulheres grávidas portadoras de Válvula Cardíaca Mecânica (VCM), que necessitam fazer o uso de anticoagulação, considerando as melhores opções terapêuticas, baseado no risco do uso de cada droga durante a gestação. A gravidez gera um estado de hipercoagulabilidade, que atrelado ao material sintético da prótese cardíaca, aumenta a chance de formação de trombo em relação às mulheres não grávidas. A literatura indica a possibilidade da utilização de Antagonista da Vitamina K (AVK) e Heparina de Baixo Peso Molecular (HBPM), tendo o AVK menos efeitos adversos na gestação. Porém, é aceito que o uso de heparina deve ser preconizado no primeiro trimestre de gestação, devido à possibilidade do AVK transpor a barreira placentária e gerar danos ao feto. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de adequação e monitorização da terapêutica desde o primeiro trimestre até o parto, conforme o impacto do fármaco em cada período gestacional. Apesar de haver um consenso sobre a necessidade das drogas, há discussão em relação aos riscos do uso na gestação, pois a incidência de efeitos adversos ainda é considerável

Relationships between soil properties and species establishment in the restoration of mined soils in the cerrado biome

Restoring the ecosystems of the Cerrado biome is challenging considering the diversity of phytophysiognomies present in the biome, some of which are composed of species from different strata (herbaceous, shrubby, and arboreal), which increases the complexity of restructuring the floristic composition. Other factors was involved, such as soil quality, which directly influences the success of restoration, water storage, and nutrients, the financial costs, and a slow ecological process, due to the adverse circumstances found in the area. be restored. The strong anthropogenic interventions by mining processes reduce dramatically the physical and nutritional composition of the soil. We studied two restoration areas in Paracatu, Brazil, to examine their edaphic conditions six years after mining activities ceased and relate them to the status of the restoration process. In 2009, a Cerrado restoration were established in an area previously explored for gravel extraction. Plants were sampled and identified in 11 transects along the planting lines. The diameter base (DB) and total height (HT) were measured. The physical/chemical quality of the soil substrate was determined using a collection of samples in open trenches at four types of points: Cerrado (TC); dead plant pits (TM); seedling pits having living individuals of the most abundant species (TT); and those of the second-most abundant species (TE). Cecropia pachystachya Trécul and Tapirira guianensis Aubl. were most abundant and demonstrated the potential to thrive in areas degraded by mining having low mortality rates and growth at relatively DB and HT. The physical quality indicators in the gravel pits were not limiting, indicating that substrate preparation was efficient in this regard. The organic matter content in TM, TT, and TE was low in comparison to that of TC, and the chemical conditions in the TE pit substrates were similar to those in TM pits, suggesting C. pachystachya is a species with good plasticity, whereas T. guianensis is present in pits with higher levels of phosphorus

COVID-19 infodemic and impacts on the mental health of older people : cross-sectional multicenter survey study

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic received widespread media coverage due to its novelty, an early lack of data, and the rapid rise in deaths and cases. This excessive coverage created a secondary “infodemic” that was considered to be a serious public and mental health problem by the World Health Organization and the international scientific community. The infodemic particularly affected older individuals, specifically those who are vulnerable to misinformation due to political positions, low interpretive and critical analysis capacity, and limited technical-scientific knowledge. Thus, it is important to understand older people’s reaction to COVID-19 information disseminated by the media and the effect on their lives and mental health. Objective: We aimed to describe the profile of exposure to COVID-19 information among older Brazilian individuals and the impact on their mental health, perceived stress, and the presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods: This cross-sectional, exploratory study surveyed 3307 older Brazilians via the web, social networks, and email between July 2020 and March 2021. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed to estimate associations of interest. Results: Major proportions of the 3307 participants were aged 60 to 64 years (n=1285, 38.9%), female (n=2250, 68.4%), and married (n=1835, 55.5%) and self-identified as White (n=2364, 71.5%). Only 295 (8.9%) had never started or completed a basic education. COVID-19 information was mainly accessed on television (n=2680, 81.1%) and social networks (n=1943, 58.8%). Television exposure was ≥3 hours in 1301 (39.3%) participants, social network use was 2 to 5 hours in 1084 (32.8%) participants, and radio exposure was ≥1 hour in 1223 (37%) participants. Frequency of exposure to social networks was significantly associated with perceived stress (P=.04) and GAD (P=.01). A Bonferroni post hoc test revealed significantly different perceived stress in participants who were exposed to social networks for 1 hour (P=.04) and those who had no exposure (P=.04). A crude linear regression showed that “some” social media use (P=.02) and 1 hour of exposure to social media (P<.001) were associated with perceived stress. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables revealed no associations with this outcome variable. In a crude logistic regression, some social media use (P<.001) and 2 to 5 hours of exposure to social media (P=.03) were associated with GAD. Adjusting for the indicated variables showed that some social network use (P<.001) and 1 hour (P=.04) and 2 to 5 hours (P=.03) of exposure to social media were associated with GAD. Conclusions: Older people, especially women, were often exposed to COVID-19–related information through television and social networks; this affected their mental health, specifically GAD and stress. Thus, the impact of the infodemic should be considered during anamnesis for older people, so that they can share their feelings about it and receive appropriate psychosocial care

Modeling biomass and nutrients in a eucalyptus stand in the cerrado

The prediction of biological processes, which involve growth and plant development, is possible via the adjustment of mathematical models. In forest areas, these models assist in management practices, silviculture, harvesting, and soil fertility. Diameter, basal area, and height are predictors of volume and biomass estimates in forest stands. This study utilized different non-linear models for estimating biomass and nutrient values in the aerial biomass and roots of an unmanaged eucalypt stand in Cerrado dystrophic soil. It was hypothesized that the models would estimate the nutrients of the aboveground biomass and roots after meeting the selection and validation criteria. By statistical analysis of the parameters and subsequent validation, the Schumacher–Hall model was presented to be the best fit for biomass and nutrients. This result confirmed the ability of different variables, including diameter, basal area, and height, to be predicted. Estimating the nutrient values in the aboveground biomass and roots allowed a better understanding of the quality of the vegetal residues that remained in the soil. For dystrophic soils, which occur in the Cerrado, these estimates become even more relevant

Experiência no desenvolvimento e execução de processos educativos no PET-Saúde

The need for education and health of the Brazilian population has been thoroughly discussed in all walks of government. At the federal level was launched the PET – Health/HS program. This program has several projects and one of them aimed to guide and educate people for prevention of diseases transmited by insects and caused by microorganism, besides informing about the proper handling of garbage in an attempt to prevent proliferation of infectious and parasitic diseases associated with those vectors in the municipality of Divinópolis–MG. Health education was based on didactic lectures, distribution of folders, play educational videos, and photo exhibitions. Health education was based on: didactic lectures, distribution of brochures, play educational videos and photo exhibitions. Activities were impactful and transmitted to people a message conscientizing, aiming at reducing the number of cases of diseases related to vectors and proper waste management.Las necesidades de educación y la salud la población brasileña se ha debatido a fondo en todos los ámbitos de gobierno. En el plano federal se puso en marcha el programa PET - Salud/VS. Este programa tiene varios proyectos y uno de ellos dirigidos a orientar y educar al público acerca de la prevención de los insectos hospederos de microorganismos causante de la enfermedad, además proporciona información sobre lo manejo de la basura en un intento de evitar la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias asociadas con vectores en el municipio de Divinópolis-MG. La educación en salud se basa en charlas didácticas, distribución de carpetas, reproducir vídeos educativos, y exposiciones fotográficas. Eran actividades que impactan y enviado el mensaje concienciación para reducir el número de casos relacionados con los vectores y lo manejo adecuado de la basura.As necessidades de educação e saúde da população brasileira vem sendo discutidas exaustivamente em todas as esferas de governo. Na esfera federal foi lançado o programa PET-Saúde/VS. Esse programa tem vários projetos e um deles teve como objetivo orientar e educar a população sobre a prevenção dos insetos hospedeiros dos micro-organimos causadores de doenças, além de informar sobre o manejo adequado do lixo na tentativa de se evitar a proliferação de doenças infecto-parasitárias associadas aos vetores no município de Divinópolis - MG. Como metodologia, foram confeccionados materiais para ampliação do conhecimento da população sobre a temática trabalhada: Lixo, insetos vetores da Dengue, Febre amarela e Leishmaniose. A educação em saúde foi baseada em palestras didáticas, distribuição de folders, reprodução de vídeos educativos e exposições fotográficas. Um CD com todos os materiais foi disponibilizado às unidades de saúde para futuras atividades. Foram atividades impactantes e que transmitiram à população uma mensagem conscientizadora, visando à diminuição do número de casos de doenças relacionadas aos vetores e ao manejo adequado do lixo