182 research outputs found

    Corporate governance : value creation and performance in credit unions

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    In this study, we examine the relationship between good corporate governance practices and the creation of value/performance of credit unions from 2010 to 2012. The objective was to create and validate a corporate governance index for credit unions, and to then analyse the relationship between good governance practices and the creation of value/performance. The problem question is: do good corporate governance practices provide value creation for credit unions? The research started by creating indices from factor analysis to identify latent dependent variables related to value creation and performance; next indices were created from the principal component analysis for the creation of independent latent variables related to corporate governance. Finally, based on panel data from regression models, the influence of the variables and indices related to corporate governance on the indices of value creation and performance was verified. Based on the research, it became evident that the Corporate Governance Index (IGC) is mainly impacted by Executive Management, with 40.31% of the IGC value, followed by the Representation and Participation dimension, with 34.07% of the IGC value. The contribution for academics was the creation of the Corporate Governance Index (IGC) applied for credit unions. As for the contribution to the system of credit unions, the highlight was the effectiveness of the mechanisms for economic-financial and asset management adopted by BACEN, credit unions and OCEMG.Nesta pesquisa, procurou-se analisar a relação entre as boas práticas de governança corporativa e a relação com a criação de valor/desempenho, das cooperativas de crédito ao longo do período de 2010 e 2012. O objetivo da pesquisa foi criar e validar um índice de governança corporativa para as cooperativas de crédito para então analisar a relação entre boas práticas de governança e a criação de valor/desempenho, tendo como questão problema: as boas práticas de governança corporativa proporcionam criação de valor para as cooperativas de crédito? Assim, iniciou-se a pesquisa por meio da criação de índices a partir da análise fatorial para a identificação de variáveis latentes dependentes relacionadas à criação de valor e desempenho; em seguida, a criação de índices a partir da análise de componentes principais para a criação de variáveis latentes independentes relacionadas à governança corporativa. Finalmente, verificou-se, a partir de modelos de regressão com dados em painel, a influência das variáveis e índices relacionados à governança corporativa com os índices de criação de valor e desempenho. Com base na pesquisa, ficou evidenciado que o Índice de Governança Corporativa (IGC) é impactado principalmente pela Gestão Executiva, representando 40,31% da importância do IGC, seguido da dimensão Representação e Participação com 34,07% da importância do IGC. A contribuição do trabalho para a academia foi a criação de Índice de Governança Corporativa (IGC) aplicável às cooperativas de crédito. Quanto à contribuição para o sistema de cooperativas de crédito, assinala-se a constatação de efetividade dos mecanismos de gestão econômico-financeira e patrimonial adotados pelo BACEN, Centrais de Cooperativas de Crédito e a OCEMG

    Comportamento cardiovascular durante a reabilitação após cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio

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    OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess the behavior of cardiovascular variables during an in-hospital cardiovascular rehabilitation program in patients following myocardial revascularization surgery. METHODS: A total of 14 patients (mean age: 55.4 ± 6.4 years, 78.6% male) participated in the study, all of whom had a previous diagnosis of coronary insufficiency and indication for elective surgery. The protocol consisted of a group of low-impact (2-3 METs) upper/lower extremity and walking exercises performed both pre and post-operatively (3rd and 4th days). The following variables were evaluated at rest and following the exercise program: heart rate (HR, bpm); systolic arterial pressure (SAP, mmHg); diastolic arterial pressure (DAP, mmHg); mean arterial pressure (MAP, mmHg); double product (DPr, bpm/mmHg); and the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in HR and DPr in the individual analysis (P<0.001) as well as in between days (P<0.001 for HR and P<0.05 for DPr), but only attaining maximal values that were < 30% of predicted. Moreover, a negative correlation was found between the RPE scale and both SAP and MAP. CONCLUSION: The exercises proposed proved to be safe with the change in key physiologic variables throughout the experiment below recommended values for the hospitalization phase. Furthermore, the RPE scale appears to have a correlation with some hemodynamic variables and thus may be a useful tool for this group of patients. _______________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOObjetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o comportamento das variáveis cardiovasculares durante um programa de reabilitação cardiovascular hospitalar em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio.Métodos: Um total de 14 pacientes (idade média: 55,4 ±6,4 anos, 78,6% do sexo masculino) participaram do estudo,todos apresentavam diagnóstico prévio de insuficiência coronariana e indicação de cirurgia eletiva. O protocolo consistiu de um grupo de exercícios de baixo impacto (2-3METs) para extremidade superior e inferior e exercícios de caminhada realizados no pré e pós-operatório (3 e 4 dias).As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas em repouso e após o programa de exercício: frequência cardíaca (FC, bpm),pressão arterial sistólica (PAS, mmHg), pressão arterial diastólica (PAD, mmHg), pressão arterial média (MAP,mmHg), duplo produto (DPr, bpm/mmHg) e escala de Índice de Percepção de Esforço (IPE).Resultados: Houve aumento significativo da FC e DPr na análise individual (P <0,001), bem como na análise entre os dias de avaliação (P <0,001 para FC e P <0,05 para DPr), mas apenas atingindo valores máximos que foram < 30% do previsto. Além disso, ocorreu correlação negativa entre a escala IPE e SAP e MAP.Conclusão: Os exercícios propostos mostraram-se seguros com a mudança de variáveis fisiológicas fundamentais em todo o experimento abaixo do valor recomendado para a fase de hospitalização. Além disso, a escala percepção de esforço parece ter correlação com algumas variáveis hemodinâmicas e, portanto, pode ser uma ferramenta útil para este grupo de pacientes

    An annotated avian inventory of the Brazilian state of Alagoas, one of the world’s most threatened avifauna

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    The northeast Brazilian state of Alagoas harbors a rather diverse, and one of the world’s most threatened, avifauna. However, the knowledge about its avifauna is currently scattered on several publications and the state’s birds have never been comprehensively assembled into a checklist. To fill this shortfall, we present here the first critical review of all available bird records for the state of Alagoas. We present a list of 520 bird species recorded in the state, of which 503 are supported by documentary evidence. We also comment on the distribution, migratory movements, taxonomy and conservation of the region’s avifauna and correct previous misidentified or invalid records for the state

    Chemical Constituents and Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Kielmeyera coriacea

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    Many essential oils (EOs) of different plant species possess interesting antimicrobial effects on buccal microorganisms and cytotoxic properties. EOs of Kielmeyera coriacea Mart. & Zucc. were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The EO from leaves is rich in sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The three major compounds identified were germacrene-D (24.2%), (E)-caryophyllene (15.5%), and bicyclogermacrene (11.6%). The inner bark EO is composed mainly of sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons and the major components are alpha-copaene (14.9%) and alpha-(E)-bergamotene (13.0%). The outer bark EO is composed mainly of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and long-chain alkanes, and the major components are alpha-eudesmol (4.2%) and nonacosane (5.8%). The wood EO is mainly composed of long-chain alkanes and fatty acids, and the major components are nonacosane (9.7%) and palmitic acid (16.2%). The inner bark EO showed the strongest antimicrobial activity against the anaerobic bacteria Prevotella nigrescens (minimum inhibitory concentration-MIC of 50 µg mL−1). The outer bark and wood EOs showed MICs of 100 µg mL−1 for all aerobic microorganisms tested. The EOs presented low toxicity to Vero cells. These results suggest that K. coriacea, a Brazilian plant, provide initial evidence of a new and alternative source of substances with medicinal interest

    Adubação com compostos orgânicos e cobertura verde do solo em pomar de tangerineiras sob cultivo orgânico

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    O objetivo foi avaliar a influência da adubação com composto orgânico e da cobertura verde do solo em um pomar adulto de tangerineiras (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) ‘Montenegrina’ sob cultivo orgânico, localizado em Montenegro-RS, no período de 2007 a 2010. Os tratamentos constaram dos seguintes manejos de adubações: A – cobertura verde do solo com aveia-preta e ervilhaca (inverno) / feijão-miúdo (verão); B - adubação bienal com 200 m³ ha-¹ de composto orgânico; C - adubação anual com 100 m³ ha-¹ de composto orgânico; D - adubação em anos alternados, num ano com 100 m³ ha-¹ de composto e noutro com biofertilizante líquido. Avaliaram-se a produção de frutos nos anos de 2008 a 2010, a massa de frutos excedentes raleados (manual), parâmetros qualitativos dos frutos e o estado nutricional das plantas. O tratamento A foi superior aos demais tratamentos quanto à produtividade das plantas, aos teores de suco (Ts) e de sólidos solúveis totais (SST), sem afetar as demais características avaliadas. Os tratamentos não influenciaram o estado nutricional das plantas, porém verificou-se que todas as tangerineiras apresentaram teores foliares insuficientes de N, K, Zn e Mn. Concluiu-se que a adubação de cobertura verde aumenta a produtividade das tangerineiras ‘Montenegrina’ e melhora alguns atributos qualitativos dos frutos, como SST e Ts, sem alterar o nível nutricional das plantas. A aplicação continuada dos materiais orgânicos estudados tem efeito depressivo sobre a quantidade e a qualidade da produção das tangerineiras, devido a desequilíbrios promovidos em alguns atributos químicos do solo.The objective was investigate the influence of fertilization with organic compost and green ground cover in an 'Montenegrina' mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) mature orchard, under organic cultivation, in Montenegro county, RS. The treatments consisted of the following fertilization management since 2007: A - green covering the soil with Avena strigosa and Vicia sativa (winter) / Vigna unguiculata (summer), B - biennial fertilization with 200 m³ ha-¹ of organic compost, C - annual fertilization with 100 m³ ha-¹ of organic compost D - fertilizer in alternate years, one year with 100 m³ ha-¹ and another withliquid biofertilizer. They were evaluated the fruit production in the years 2008 to 2010, the fruit mass manually thinned, fruit quality parameters and nutritional status of plants. Treatment A was superior to other treatments on the productivity of plants and some fruit quality variables, such as higher juice content (Jc) and soluble solids (SS), without affecting other properties. Treatments did not affect the plants nutritional status, but all the mandarin had insufficient foliar levels of N, K, Zn and Mn. Therefore the fertilization with green cover species increases the fruit yield of the 'Montenegrina' mandarins and improves some quality attributes of the fruit as SST and Ts, without changing the nutritional level of the plants. The continuous application of studied organic material has depressive effects on quantity and quality of mandarin production due to negative changes in the equilibrium among some soil chemical attributes

    Essential oil composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Campomanesia pubescens O. Berg, Native of Brazilian Cerrado

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    In this study, the essential oil composition, total contents of phenolics and proanthocyanidins, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from different plant parts (root, stem, leaf and fruit) of Campomanesia pubescens (DC) O. Berg from Brazilian Cerrado are reported. The root essential oil is distinguished from others by having only one representative of monoterpenes (alpha-terpenylacetate). The aerial parts of C. pubescens are rich in volatile terpenes, as expected, especially in fruits whose essential oil contained approximately 80 % of monoterpenes. The essential oils showed antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens. The root essential oil showed the strongest inhibition against Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC 25586). The leaf extract presented the highest concentration of phenolic and proanthocyanidins compounds. The lowest concentration necessary for inhibition of DPPH to 50 % ranged between 6.6 ± 1.6 and 56.6 ± 2.3 μg/mL. The leaf extract exhibited the highest inhibition, close to BHT.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

    MODELOS DE MACHINE LEARNING APLICADOS NA ESTIMAÇÃO DA EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIA DO PLANALTO OCIDENTAL PAULISTA

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    Evapotranspiration depends on the interaction between meteorological variables (solar radiation, air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed) and phytosanitary conditions of agricultural crops. It is complex to build reliable evapotranspiration measurements due to the high costs of implementing micrometeorological techniques, in addition to difficulties in the operation and maintenance of the necessary equipment. The purpose of this research was to model the reference evapotranspiration through machine learning techniques in climatic data from 30 automatic weather stations in the Planalto Ocidental Paulista, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in the period 2013-2017. A comparison of the statistical performance between the techniques used was carried out, where the best performance of the EToMLP4 model (rRMSE = 0.62%), followed by EToANFIS4 (rRMSE = 0.75%), EToSVM4 (rRMSE = 1.19%) and EToGRNN4 (rRMSE = 11.05 %). Performance measures of the validation base show that the proposed models are able to estimate the reference evapotranspiration, with emphasis on the MPL technique.La evapotranspiración depende de la interacción entre las variables meteorológicas (radiación solar, temperatura del aire, precipitación, humedad relativa y velocidad del viento) y las condiciones fitosanitarias de los cultivos agrícolas. Es complejo construir mediciones confiables de evapotranspiración debido a los altos costos de implementar técnicas micrometeorológicas, además de las dificultades en la operación y mantenimiento de los equipos necesarios. El objetivo de esta investigación fue modelar la evapotranspiración de referencia a través de técnicas de aprendizaje automático en datos climáticos de 30 estaciones meteorológicas automáticas en el Planalto Ocidental Paulista, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, en el período 2013-2017. Se realizó una comparación del rendimiento estadístico entre las técnicas utilizadas, donde el mejor rendimiento del modelo EToMLP4 (rRMSE = 0,62%), seguido de EToANFIS4 (rRMSE = 0,75%), EToSVM4 (rRMSE = 1,19%) y EToGRNN4 (rRMSE = 11,05 %). Las medidas de desempeño de la base de validación muestran que los modelos propuestos son capaces de estimar la evapotranspiración de referencia, con énfasis en la técnica MPL.A evapotranspiração depende da interação entre variáveis meteorológicas (radiação solar, temperatura do ar, precipitação, umidade relativa do ar e velocidade do vento) e condições fitossanitárias das culturas agrícolas. É complexo construir medidas confiáveis de evapotranspiração devido aos elevados custos para implantação de técnicas micrometeorológicas, além de dificuldades na operação e manutenção dos equipamentos necessários. O propósito desta pesquisa foi modelar a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) por meio de técnicas de machine learning em dados climáticos de 30 estações meteorológicas automáticas do Planalto Ocidental Paulista, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2013-2017. Uma comparação do desempenho estatístico entre as técnicas utilizadas foi realizada onde constatou-se melhor desempenho do modelo EToMLP4 (rRMSE = 0.62%), seguido por EToANFIS4 (rRMSE = 0.75%), EToSVM4 (rRMSE = 1.19%) e EToGRNN4 (rRMSE = 11.05%). Medidas de performance da base de validação evidenciam que os modelos propostos são aptos à estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência com destaque para a técnica MPL. Palavras-chave: evapotranspiração; modelagem matemática; aprendizagem de máquina.   Machine learning models applied in the estimation of reference evapotranspiration from the Western Plateau of Paulista   ABSTRACT: Evapotranspiration depends on the interaction between meteorological variables (solar radiation, air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed) and phytosanitary conditions of agricultural crops. It is complex to build reliable evapotranspiration measurements due to the high costs of implementing micrometeorological techniques, in addition to difficulties in the operation and maintenance of the necessary equipment. The purpose of this research was to model the reference evapotranspiration through machine learning techniques in climatic data from 30 automatic weather stations in the Planalto Ocidental Paulista, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in the period 2013-2017. A comparison of the statistical performance between the techniques used was carried out, where the best performance of the EToMLP4 model (rRMSE = 0.62%), followed by EToANFIS4 (rRMSE = 0.75%), EToSVM4 (rRMSE = 1.19%) and EToGRNN4 (rRMSE = 11.05 %). Performance measures of the validation base show that the proposed models are able to estimate the reference evapotranspiration, with emphasis on the MPL technique. Keywords: evapotranspiration; modeling; machine learning
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