A STUDY ON REVERSED LANGUAGE WRITTEN IN MALANG POST NEWSPAPER

Language is important as media of communication for human being who live in certain community. If we pay attention to our surrounding there are some groups of community who used strange and funny language in communication with their fellow groups, especially to the youth. This strange and funny language occurs in Malang and the name is“ Bahasa Balikan “ ( reversed language ). Sometimes, the language is difficult to be understood by others especially for non Malangese people. Malang Post is one kind of regional newspapers that established in Malang. Malang Post also involves reversed language especially in column “ Malangan “, there we can read many words that are reversed by the writer The problems discussed were : (1). What kinds of reversed words are written in Malang Post column “Malangan” edited on March 2003 ?. (2). How is the percentage of reversed words written in Malang Post column “Malangan” edited on March 2003 ?. The objectives of this study were to know kinds of reversed words and the percentage of reversed words in each column written in Malang Post column “Malangan” edited on March 2003. In writing this study, the writer used descriptive quantitative method because he described Malang Reversed Language and calculated percentage of Malang Reversed Language which were written in Malang Post column “Malangan” edited on March 2003. All reversed words which were written in Malang Post edited on March 2003 were population of this study. And sample of this study were reversed words written in column “Malangan”. There were 24 columns “Malangan” edited on March 2003. Research instrument of this study was surveying towards documents of Malang Post column “Malangan” edited on March 2003. Next, the writer analyzed the data in several steps. After analyzing the data, the writer found that : (1). The main sources of reversion words are Indonesian and Javanese language. And the words which are put into reversion are Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Verbs and Adverbs. (2). The writer found 24 reversed words of nouns or 30.76 %. 4 reversed words of pronouns or 5.12 %. 11 reversed words of adjectives or 14.10 %. 30 reversed words of verbs or 38.46 % and 9 reversed words of adverbs or 11.53 %

HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL KELUARGA DENGAN TINGKAT STRESS PADA LANSIA USIA 60-74 TAHUN DI DUSUN GEBANG MALANG DESA BANDUNG KECAMATAN DIWEK KABUPATEN JOMBANG: The Correlation Of Family Social Support With Stress Level For The Elderly As Old As 60-74 Years At Gebang Malang Sub Village , Bandung Village , Diwek Sub District ,In Jombang District

Pendahuluan :  Lansia yang dalam kehidupannya sering mengalami perubahan dapat memicu terjadinya stress. Perubahan yang sering dirasakan lansia adalah pemarah, pemurung, cemas, gelisah, sedih, pesimis, menangis, suasana hati berubah-ubah, harga diri menurun, merasa tidak aman atau mudah tersinggung, sehingga dukungan dari keluarga sangat dibutuhkan untuk meminimalkan terjadinya stress. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui Hubungan  dukungan sosial  keluarga dengan tingkat stress pada Lansia usia 60-74 tahun di Dusun Gebang Malang Desa Bandung Kecamatan Diwek Kabupaten Jombang. Metode : Desain penelitian menggunakan analitik korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Semua lansia di Desa Bandung Kecamatan Diwek Kabupaten Jombang sejumlah 45 orang. Besar sampel yang di gunakan sebanyak 40 responden. Teknik sampling adalah simple random sampling. Variabel penelitian terdiri dari variabel independen yaitu dukungan sosial  keluarga dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan variabel dependen yaitu tingkat stress pada Lansia usia 60-74 tahun dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Selanjutnya di uji analisis menggunakan uji statistik rank spearman  dengan ? = 0,05. Hasil :  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar (55%) responden dukungan sosial keluarga adalah tinggi sejumlah 22 orang. sebagian besar (57,5%) responden tingkat stresnya normal sejumlah 23 orang. Hasil dari uji rank spearman  didapatkan 0,000 < 0,005. Pembahasan : Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada Hubungan  dukungan sosial  keluarga dengan tingkat stress pada Lansia usia 60-74 tahun di Dusun Gebang Malang Desa Bandung Kecamatan Diwek Kabupaten Jombang. Perlunya dukungan sosial keluarga untuk meminimalkan terjadinya stress pada lansia dan memotivasi lansia agar lebih aktif meningkatkan aktifitas yang positif seperti kegiatan keagamaan serta keluarga ikut aktif mengantarkan lansia pergi keposyandu lansia. Kata Kunci : dukungan sosial keluarga, stress, lansi

Improving Teacher Performance By Implementing Reward and Punishment Effective and Measurable Program

The objective of this investigation is to comprehend how implementing incentives and penalties enhances the efficiency of educators. The analysis conducted is qualitative and descriptive. The approaches employed to collect data are observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis of the information was executed by employing techniques such as data reduction, data demonstration, and deduction of conclusions. To ensure the accuracy of the data, data triangulation was implemented. The findings of the research exhibit that rewards come in the form of financial incentives, such as wages, salaries, teacher stipends, and bonuses. Non-financial awards such as promotion, training to improve skills, holidays, cooperative colleagues and superiors, and a good work environment. As for the application of punishment or punishment in the form of intellectual punishment, getting a reprimand, postponement of promotions, or periodically. According to the aforementioned research findings, using rewards and penalties can improve teacher effectiveness. Researchers are aware of how crucial the use of rewards and penalties is to raising teacher performance. The use of rewards and sanctions can help improve teacher effectiveness

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Persepsi siswa tentang kompetensi guru SMK Canda Bhirawa Pare Kabupaten Kediri

ABSTRAK Fatoni, Anton. 2013. Persepsi Siswa Tentang Kompetensi Guru SMK CandaBhirawa Pare Kabupaten Kediri. Skripsi, Jurusan Teknik Mesin, ProgramStudi Pendidikan Teknik Mesin, Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing:Drs. H. Yoto, S.T,. M.Pd. MM. (II) Drs. H. Wakidi   kata Kunci : kompetensi guru, persepsi siswa Guru merupakan komponen paling menentukan dalam sistem pendidikan,yang harus mendapat perhatian sentral, pertama, dan utama. Guru juga sangatmenentukan keberhasilan peserta didik, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan prosesbelajar-mengajar. Selain itu guru merupakan komponen yang paling berpengaruhterhadap terciptanya proses dan hasil pendidikan yang berkualitas. Seorang guruprofesional harus memiliki 4 kompetensi guru yaitu kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensiprofesional, kompetensi kepribadian, dan kompetensi sosial. Jika seorangguru tidak memiliki kompetensi yang ada maka akan mempengaruhi persepsisiswa terhadapnya, sehingga berdampak pada minat dan motivasi untuk mengikutikegiatan belajar-mengajar dengan baik dan akhirnya kualitas pendidikan akanmenurun.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa tentang kompe -tensi guru SMK Canda Bhirawa Pare Kabupaten Kediri. Kompetensi tersebutmeliputi kompetensi pedagogik, kepribadian, profesional, dan sosial. Penelitianini dilakukan pada kelas XII teknik pemesinan dan XII teknik kendaraan ringan.Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan proporsional random sampling. Populasipada penelitian ini adalah siswa XII teknik pemesinan dan XII teknikkendaraan ringan SMK Canda Bhirawa Pare Kabupaten Kediri yang berjumlah323 dan sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 85 siswa. Teknik pengambilan datamenggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data berupa statistik deskriptif yangmeliputi analisis frekuensi, persentase, mean, dan grafik.Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut, diperoleh lima simpulan hasilpenelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, persepsi siswa tentang kompetensi pedagogikguru 56,47% siswa menyatakan dalam kategori baik. Kedua persepsi siswatentang kompetensi kepribadian guru 47,06% siswa menyatakan dalam kategoribaik. Ketiga, persepsi siswa tentang kompetensi profesional guru 56,47% siswamenyatakan dalam kategori baik. Keempat, persepsi siswa tentang kompetensisosial guru 51,76% siswa menyatakan dalam kategori baik. Kelima, persepsisiswa tentang kompetensi guru 51,76% menyatakan dalam kategori baik.Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disarankan bagi guru untuk mempertahankankompetensi guru yang sudah dimiliki. Bagi kepala sekolah mengontrol danmengkoordinasi bawahannya agar selalu menjaga kompetensinya, danmemberikan motivasi untuk meningkatkan kompetensinya yang meliputikompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi profesional, dankompetensi sosial. Bagi siswa untuk menjaga persepsi yang positif terhadapkompetensi gurunya. Bagi peneliti lain disarankan untuk menambah variabel danindikator yang belum diungkap dalam penelitian ini

Correction: Epidemiology and outcomes of early-onset AKI in COVID-19-related ARDS in comparison with non-COVID-19-related ARDS: insights from two prospective global cohort studies (Critical Care, (2023), 27, 1, (3), 10.1186/s13054-022-04294-5)

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors identified that the collaborating authors part of the collaborating author group CCCC Consortium was missing. The collaborating author group is available and included as Additional file 1 in this article

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83-7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97-2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14-1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25-1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable