Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Seedlings Of Acrocomia Aculeata In Different Substrates And Protected Environments

The seedling production stage is the key to achieve uniformity in tree breeding stage. This study evaluated "bocaiúva" (Acrocomia aculeata) seedling formation, with pre-germinated seeds in different substrates and protected environments, in the University of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Aquidauana, MS. As substrates, we used 100% cattle manure (M), 100% cassava branches (CB), 100% vermiculite (V), 50% cattle manure + 50% cassava branches, 50 % cattle manure + 50% vermiculite, 50% cassava branches + 50% vermiculite and 1/3 cattle manure + 1/3 cassava branches + 1/3 vermiculite. These substrates were tested in a greenhouse covered with 150 μm low density polyethylene (LDPE) film under thermo-reflective screen with 50% shading under film; black screen with 50% shading on the sides; black monofilament screen with 50% shading set on roof and sides; and aluminized thermo- reflective screen with 50% shading set on roof and sides. The completely randomized experimental design with 5 replications of 5 plants each was adopted. Initially, data were submitted to analysis of substrate individual variance in each growing environment, then performing the waste mean square evaluation and their environment joint analysis for comparison. The best growing environment is the thermo-reflective screen compared to LDPE greenhouse and black screen set. All substrates containing manure are recommended for bocaiúva seedlings formation. The pure cassava branch is not indicated for seedling, even using chemical fertilizer.343395404Abreu, A.G., Priolli, R.H.G., Azevedo-Filho, J.A., Nucci, S.M., Zucchi, M.I., Coelho, R.M., Colombo, C.A., (2012) The genetic structure and mating system of Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae). Genetics and Molecular Biology, 35 (1), pp. 116-121. , São PauloBorcioni, E., Negrelle, R.R.B., Aplicação de análogo de brassinosteroide (Biobras 16®) sobre a germinação e crescimento in vitro de embriões zigóticos e aclimatização de plântulas de bocaiúva (2012) Ciência Rural, 42 (2), pp. 270-275. , Santa MariaCosta, E., Durante, L.G.Y., Nagel, L., Ferreira, C.R., Santos, A., Qualidade de mudas de berinjela submetida a diferentes métodos de produção (2011) Revista Ciência Agronômica, Fortaleza, 42 (4), pp. 1017-1025Costa, E., Leal, A.M., Mesquita, A.G., Sassaqui, A.R., Efeitos do Organosuper® e do ambiente protegido na formação de mudas de mamoeiro. (2011) Engenharia Agrícola, Jaboticabal, 31 (1), pp. 41-55Costa, E., Leal, A.M., Rego, H., Benatti, J., Desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de jatobazeiro do cerrado em Aquidauana-MS. (2011) Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, 33 (1), pp. 215-226Costa, E., Leal, A.M., Santos, L.C.R., Vieira, L.C.R., Crescimento de mudas de mamoeiro conduzidas em diferentes ambientes protegidos, recipientes e substratos na região de Aquidauana-MS. (2010) Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, 32 (3), pp. 463-470. , MaringáCosta, E., Leal, A.M., Sassaqui, A.R., Gomes, A.G., Doses de composto orgânico comercial na composição de substratos para a produção de mudas de maracujazeiro em diferentes tipos de cultivo protegido. (2010) Engenharia Agrícola, Jaboticabal, 30 (5), pp. 776-787Costa, E., Santos, L.C.R., Carvalho, C., Leal, A.M., Gomes, A., Volumes de substratos comerciais, solo e composto orgânico afetando a formação de mudas de maracujazeiro-amarelo em diferentes ambientes de cultivo. (2011) Revista Ceres, Viçosa - MG, 58 (2), pp. 216-222. , mar /abrCruz, C.A.F., Paiva, H., Neves, J.C.L., Cunha, A.C.M.C.M., Resposta de mudas de Senna macranthera (DC. EX COLLAD.) H. S. IRWIN & BARNABY (Fedegoso) cultivadas em latossolo vermelho-amarelo distrófico a macronutrientes (2010) Revista Árvore, Viçosa - MG, 34 (1), pp. 13-24Dias, R., Melo, B., Rufino, M.A., Silveira, D.L., Morais, T., Santana, D.G., Fontes e proporção de material orgânico para a produção de mudas de cafeeiro em tubetes (2009) Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras, 33 (3), pp. 758-764Dias, T.J., Pereira, W.E., Cavacante, L.F., Raposo, R.W.C., Freire, J.L.O., Desenvolvimento e qualidade nutricional de mudas de mangabeiras cultivadas em substratos contendo fibra de coco e adubação fosfatada. (2009) Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, 31 (2), pp. 512-523Lima, R.L.S., Severino, L.S., Ferreira, G.B., Sofiatti, V., Sampaio, L.R., Beltrão, E.M., Casca de mamona associada a quatro fontes de matéria orgânica para a produção de mudas de pinhão-manso. (2011) Revista Ceres, Viçosa - MG, 58 (2), pp. 232-237. , mar /abrLima, R.L.S., Severino, L.S., Silva, M.I., Jerônimo, J.F., Vale, L.S., Beltrão, E.M., Substratos para produção de mudas de mamoneira compostos por misturas de cinco fontes de matéria orgânica (2006) Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras, 30 (3), pp. 474-479Lopes, D.C., Steidle Neto, A.J., Potential crops for biodiesel production in Brazil: A review (2011) World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Cambridge, 7 (2), pp. 206-217Ribeiro, A.C., Guimarães, T.G., Alvarez, H., Recomendações para o uso de corretivos e fertilizantes em Mina Gerais. (1999) 5aAproximação. Viçosa - MG: UFV, p. 359Rubio Neto, A., Silva, F.G., Sales, J., de, F., Reis, E.F., Silva, M.V.V., Souza, A.L., Effect of drying and soaking fruits and seeds on germination of macaw palm (Acrocomia aculeata [Jacq.] Loddiges ex MART.). (2012) Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy Apr. -June, 34 (2), pp. 179-185. , MaringáSantos, L.C.R., Costa, E., Leal, A.M., Nardelli, E.M.V., Souza, G.S.A., Ambientes protegidos e substratos com doses de composto orgânico comercial e solo na formação de mudas de jatobazeiro em Aquidauana-MS. (2011) Engenharia Agrícola, 31 (2), pp. 249-259. , JaboticabalSilva, E.A., Maruyama, W.I., Oliveira, A.C., Bardiviesso, D.M., Efeito de diferentes substratos na produção de mudas de mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) (2009) Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Jaboticabal, 31 (3), pp. 925-929Soares, J.D.R., Rodrigues, F.A., Pesqual, M., Nunes, C.F., Araújo, A.G., Germinação de embriões e crescimento inicial in vitro de macaúba (2011) Ciência Rural, 41 (5), pp. 773-778. , Santa Mari

Quantum Theory Of Atoms In Molecules Charge-charge Flux-dipole Flux Models For The Infrared Intensities Of X2cy (x = H, F, Cl; Y = Q, S) Molecules

The molecular dipole moments, their derivatives, and the fundamental IR intensities of the X2CY (X = H, F, Cl; Y = O, S) molecules are determined from QTAIM atomic charges and dipoles and their fluxes at the MP2/6-311++G(3d,3p) level. Root-mean-square errors of ±0.03 D and ±1.4 km mol-1 are found for the molecular dipole moments and fundamental IR intensities calculated using quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) parameters when compared with those obtained directly from the MP2/6-311++G(3d,3p) calculations and ±0.05 D and 51.2 km mol-1 when compared with the experimental values. Charge (C), charge flux (CF), and dipole flux (DF) contributions are reported for all the normal vibrations of these molecules. A large negative correlation coefficient of -0.83 is calculated between the charge flux and dipole flux contributions and indicates that electronic charge transfer from one side of the molecule to the other during vibrations is accompanied by a relaxation effect with electron density polarization in the opposite direction. The characteristic substituent effect that has been observed for experimental infrared intensity parameters and core electron ionization energies has been applied to the CCFDF/QTAIM parameters of F2CO, Cl2CO, F2CS, and Cl2CS. The individual atomic charge, atomic charge flux, and atomic dipole flux contributions are seen to obey the characteristic substituent effect equation just as accurately as the total dipole moment derivative. The CH, CF, and CCl stretching normal modes of these molecules are shown to have characteristic sets of charge, charge flux, and dipole flux contributions. © 2007 American Chemical Society.1113278707875Person, W.B., Rudys, S.K., Newton, J.H., (1975) J Phys. Chem, 79, p. 2525Haiduke, R.L.A., Oliveira, A.E., Moreira, N.H., Bruns, R.E., (2004) J. Phys. Chem. A, 108, p. 866Martins, Filho, H. P.Bruns, R. E. Spectrochim. Acta Part A 1997, 53, 2115Bassi, A.B.M.S., Bruns, R.E., (1975) J. Chem Phys, 62, p. 3235Bruns, R.E., (1976) J. Chem. Phys, 64, p. 30Cioslowski, J., (1989) J. Am. Chem. Soc, 111, p. 8333Bader, R.F.W., (1990) Atoms in Molecules: A Quantum Theory, , Clarendon Press: Oxford, U.KBader, R.F.W., Larouche, A., Gatti, C., Carrol, M.T., MacDougall, P.J., Wiberg, K.B., (1987) J. Chem. Phys, 87, p. 1142Haiduke, R.L.A., Bruns, R.E., (2005) J. Phys. Chem. A, 109, p. 2680Viçozo Jr., J.S., Haiduke, R.L.A., Bruns, R.E., (2006) J. Phys. Chem. 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Estudo de simulações de microclimas em casas de vegetação visando à aclimatação de mudas micropropagadas de bananeira cv Grande Naine Simulations of microclimate in greenhouses aiming the acclimatization of micropropagated seedlings of banana cv. Grande Naine

Em processos de aclimatação, o controle ambiental assume papel de vital importância, pois, ainda na condição in vitro, as plantas não operam eficientemente a absorção de luz, água e nutrientes. Devem, portanto, ser submetidas a ambientes controlados sob condições favoráveis de luminosidade, temperatura (ao redor de 28ºC, com mínimas a 18ºC e máximas a 34ºC) e umidade relativa (acima de 75%). Para tanto, foram construídos 5 mini-túneis com temperatura e umidade relativa controladas. No controle da temperatura, usaram-se resfriadores evaporativos do tipo ventilador-meio poroso, 28/25ºC. No controle da umidade relativa, usou-se nebulização durante o dia a 75% sob intermitência de 6s a cada 40s. Para o monitoramento da temperatura e umidade relativa, foram instalados 3 psicrômetros aspirados em cada casa de vegetação, ligados a sistema programado para leituras diárias com partição de 60s. Os resultados indicam controle satisfatório nos ambientes, oferecendo condições favoráveis para as plantas de bananeira sob o 2º estágio de aclimatação, embora tenham sido observadas diferenças significativas entre eles. Para o estudo da luminosidade, sob filme plástico transparente PEBD de 100µm, foram utilizadas telas com média de sombreamento na faixa RFA (400 a 700nm) de 69,92%, 50,73%, 29,73% e 57,77%, sendo as 3 primeiras de cor vermelha (com picos na faixa de 580nm e redução abrupta a partir daí), e a última de cor preta (comportamento linear), respectivamente. O 5º ambiente contou apenas com o filme, apresentando 12,74% de interceptação da radiação solar. Esses valores foram obtidos a partir de amostras pareadas, tela e filme para os 4 primeiros ambientes e apenas o filme para o último, utilizando-se de espectro-radiômetro programado para a faixa de 400 a 1.100nm, com resolução espectral de 2nm. Dentro e fora de cada ambiente, obtiveram-se dados de irradiâncias RFA e global, por meio de sensores fotovoltaicos de silício, por volta das 9h, 12h e 15h, sob condições de céu claro e encoberto, durante o verão de 2004/05 e inverno de 2005. As malhas vermelhas apresentam transmitâncias diferenciadas ao longo do espectro da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa, constituindo-se assim em interessantes materiais para os pretendidos estudos sobre aclimatação. Resultados mostram maiores reduções na faixa RFA para as telas vermelhas, independentes do horário, insolação e estação do ano, concordantes com aqueles obtidos por espectro-radiômetro.<br>In acclimatization processes, the environment control takes over a part of vital importance, since in in vitro condition banana seedlings do not efficiently operate the absorption of light, water and nutrients. Therefore, they should be submitted to controlled environments under feasible conditions of luminosity, temperature (around 28ºC, with minimum of 18ºC and maximum of 34ºC), and relative humidity above 75%. For this purpose, it was installed five mini tunnels with controlled temperature and relative humidity. For the control of temperature it was used pad-fan evaporative coolers at 28/25ºC. For the control of relative humidity it was used fogging during the day at 75% under intermittence of 6s at each 40s. For temperature and relative humidity monitoring, it was installed three aspirate psychrometers in each mini tunnel connected to a data logger for daily acquisition every 60s. Temperature and relative air humidity were adequate for plants development, however significant differences were observed between the different environment conditions. For luminosity study, under transparent plastic film (low density polyethylene) of 100µm thickness, it was used four meshes with average shading in the PAR spectrum band (400 to 700nm) of 69.92%, 50.73%, 29.73%, and 57.77%, being the first three in red color (with top level at 580nm, and abrupt reduction after that), the fourth mesh was black (linear behavior). The fifth tunnel had only transparent plastic film, showing 12.74% of solar radiation interception. These values were obtained from paired samples (mesh and plastic film) for the first four tunnels, and only the transparent plastic film for the last, using a spectral radiometer (400 to 1100nm), with spectral resolution of 2nm. Inside and outside of each environment it was obtained global and PAR irradiance by using calibrated photovoltaic sensors at 9:00, 12:00, and 3:00, under clean and cloudy sky, during the summer of 2004/05, and winter of 2005. The red mesh presented differentiated transmittances at the PAR spectrum band which established an interesting material for acclimatization studies. Results show bigger reductions on the PAR spectrum band for the red mesh, regardless of time, solar radiation, or seasons, which agree with the results obtained by the spectral radiomete