Flood Risk in a Heritage City: Alzira as a Case Study

[EN] Floods are natural hazards which have damaged cities and their architectural heritage over the centuries. The heritage town of Alzira (Valencia, Spain) is a major case study for the assessment of flood risk in architectural heritage. Alzira was founded by the Al-Andalus Moors on a river island within a bend of the river Jucar, which has overflowed more than 80 times during its history. The main aim of this work is to analyse the vulnerability to floods of the town's architectural heritage, especially that of earthen architecture, a constructive tradition of which several examples can be found in the town. The proposed methodology attempts to calculate the vulnerability of the earthen architecture through the evaluation and weighting of extrinsic and intrinsic parameters. This makes it possible to identify the constructive characteristics and material weathering which worsen the behaviour of structures during floods. Maximum vulnerability values have been obtained for poorly conserved constructions without cladding. Results highlight the importance of ascertaining suitable strategies for the prevention and mitigation of risk as future lines of research. The vulnerability assessment methodology presented in this study could be applied to other case studies in other sites with architectural heritage under threat from floods.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant number RTI2018-095302-B-I00.Trizio, F.; Torrijo, F.; Mileto, C.; Vegas López-Manzanares, F. (2021). Flood Risk in a Heritage City: Alzira as a Case Study. Water. 13(9):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13091138S11713

One Loop Effects of Non-Standard Triple Gauge Boson Vertices

Low energy effects of generic extensions of the Standard Model can be comprehensively parametrized in terms of higher dimensional effective operators. After the success of all the recent precission tests on the Standard Model, we argue that any sensible description of these extensions at the Z-scale must be stable under higher order quantum corrections. The imposition of $SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ gauge invariance seems to be the simplest and most natural way to fulfill this requirement. With this assumption, all the possible deviations from the standard triple gauge boson vertices can be consistently parametrized in terms of a finite set of gauge invariant operators. We deal here with those operators that do not give any tree level effect on present experimental observables and constrain them by computing their effects at the one-loop level. We conclude that for a light Higgs boson, the direct measurement at LEP200 can improve present bounds on these "blind directions", while for a heavy Higgs it is most unlikely to provide any new information.Comment: 17 pags. 2 figures not included, available on request. Latex. CERN-TH 667

Morfología y tectónica del talud inferior del Golfo de Cádiz

Analysis of bathymetric and seismic reflection data allow us to characterize the processes and structures that generate seafloor morphological features in the lower continental slope and the transition to the abyssal plain of the Betic-Rif Margin. Several differences can be stablished in the lower slope and the transition to the Horseshoe and Sena Abyssal Plains. The lower slope in the Horseshoe sector shows an upper convex - lower concave profile and the transition to the abyssal plain is marked by a scarp related to the activity of a main NE-SW reverse fault. Whereas in the Sena sector the lower slope appears as a convex profile and the region boundary with the abyssal plain is determined by the position of the external front of the Allochthonous Betic-Rif Units

Comparación de distintas estrategias para la predicción de muerte a corto plazo en el paciente anciano infectado

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of a post hoc lactate added to SIRS and qSOFA score to predict 30-day mortality in older non-severely dependent patients attended for infection in the Emergency Department (ED). Methods. We performed an analytical, observational, prospective cohort study including patients of 75 years of age or older, without severe functional dependence, attended for an infectious disease in 69 Spanish ED for 2-day three seasonal periods. Demographic, clinical and analytical data were collected. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality after the index event. Results. We included 739 patients with a mean age of 84.9 (SD 6.0) years; 375 (50.7%) were women. Ninety-one (12.3%) died within 30 days. The AUC was 0.637 (IC 95% 0.587-0.688; p= 2 and 0.698 (IC 95% 0.635- 0.761; p= 2. Comparing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) there was a better accuracy of qSOFA vs SIRS (p=0.041). Both scales improve the prognosis accuracy with lactate inclusion. The AUC was 0.705 (IC95% 0.652-0.758; p<0.001) for SIRS plus lactate and 0.755 (IC95% 0.696-0.814; p<0.001) for qSOFA plus lactate, showing a trend to statistical significance for the second strategy (p=0.0727). Charlson index not added prognosis accuracy to SIRS (p=0.2269) or qSOFA (p=0.2573). Conclusions. Lactate added to SIRS and qSOFA score improve the accuracy of SIRS and qSOFA to predict short-term mortality in older non-severely dependent patients attended for infection. There is not effect in adding Charlson index

The role of replications in empirical software engineering

Replications play a key role in Empirical Software Engineering by allowing the community to build knowledge about which results or observations hold under which conditions. Therefore, not only can a replication that produces similar results as the original experiment be viewed as successful, but a replication that produce results different from those of the original experiment can also be viewed as successful. In this paper we identify two types of replications: exact replications, in which the procedures of an experiment are followed as closely as possible; and conceptual replications, in which the same research question is evaluated by using a different experimental procedure. The focus of this paper is on exact replications. We further explore them to identify two sub-categories: dependent replications, where researchers attempt to keep all the conditions of the experiment the same or very similar and independent replications, where researchers deliberately vary one or more major aspects of the conditions of the experiment. We then discuss the role played by each type of replication in terms of its goals, benefits, and limitations. Finally, we highlight the importance of producing adequate documentation for an experiment (original or replication) to allow for replication. A properly documented replication provides the details necessary to gain a sufficient understanding of the study being replicated without requiring the replicator to slavishly follow the given procedures

Intraplate stress state from finite element modelling: The southern border of the Spanish Central System

An elastic finite element approach has been used with the dual aim of determining the most appropriate reference state of stress, namely a uniaxial strain state or a lithostatic state, and re fining the understanding of the Iberian intraplate stresses. A cross-section model with an average crustal rheology and a flat topography has been analysed first in order to evaluate the in fluence of boundary conditions and rheological properties in the reference and tectonic stress states. The uniaxial and lithostatic states are obtained by including the overburden weight and a compressive horizontal load, which equals the uniaxial and lithostatic stress respectively, and provided that Poisson's ratio equals ~0.5 in the lithostatic state. On the other hand, a tectonic state with a σHNσV regime is reproduced by adding a horizontal constant load. Subsequently, constraints on the magnitude of the predicted Cenozoic stresses along a NW–SE cross-section in the southern border of the Spanish Central System (in the Variscan granitic basement of El Berrocal) have been estimated incorporating the topographic loading, lithological variations and the most recent far tectonic stresses. The deep geological structure has been established from gravity modelling and geological data. To simulate the active strike-slip to uniaxial extension regimes in the interior of Iberian Peninsula, a lithostatic initial state has to be considered and a tectonic load in the range of 15–20 MPa has to be applied. The gradient of maximum horizontal stress originated under these conditions is in the range of–350 MPa km− 1. These results are in accordance with the estimated intraplate tectonic stress, the force along the convergent plate boundary of Eurasia–Africa, the lithospheric strength of Iberia, and the direct measurements of stresses

La regulación de la formación y el trabajo docente: un análisis crítico de la "agenda educativa" en América Latina Regulation of teacher training and work: a critical analysis of the "educational agenda" in Latin America

Este trabajo analiza las discusiones en materia de políticas de formación y trabajo docente que se han venido incorporando en las agendas educativas de la Región en los últimos años. Sostenemos que las nuevas formas de regulación propuestas son modos de imposición heterónomos contrarios a los objetivos que formalmente se proponen en materia de profesionalización y autonomía de los docentes.<br>This paper analyses the discussions about teacher training and work that have been gaining momentum in the educational agendas of the region in recent years. It argues that the proposed forms of regulation are heteronomous modes of imposition that are contradictory with their declared goals in terms of professionalization and teacher autonomy