Extension of Gutenberg-Richter Distribution to Mw -1.3, No Lower Limit in Sight

With twelve years of seismic data from TauTona Gold Mine, South Africa, we show that mining-induced earthquakes follow the Gutenberg-Richter relation with no scale break down to the completeness level of the catalog, at moment magnitude MW −1.3. Events recorded during relatively quiet hours in 2006 indicate that catalog detection limitations, not earthquake source physics, controlled the previously reported minimum magnitude in this mine. Within the Natural Earthquake Laboratory in South African Mines (NELSAM) experiment\u27s dense seismic array, earthquakes that exhibit shear failure at magnitudes as small as MW −3.9 are observed, but we find no evidence that MW −3.9 represents the minimum magnitude. In contrast to previous work, our results imply small nucleation zones and that earthquake processes in the mine can readily be scaled to those in either laboratory experiments or natural faults

‘The viceroys are disappearing from the roundabouts in Delhi’: British symbols of power in post-colonial India

In the aftermath of the Second World War, as postcolonial regimes in Africa and Asia hauled down imperial iconography, to the surprise and approval of many Western observers, India evidenced little interest in sweeping away remnants of its colonial heritage. From the late 1950s onwards, however, calls for the removal British imperial statuary from India’s public spaces came to represent an increasingly important component in a broader dialogue between central and state governments, political parties, the media, and the wider public, on the legacy of British colonialism in the subcontinent. This paper examines the responses of the ruling Congress Party and the British government, between 1947 and 1970, to escalating pressure from within India to replace British statuary with monuments celebrating Indian nationalism. In doing so, it highlights the significant scope that existed for non-state actors in India and the United Kingdom with a stake in the cultural politics of decolonisation to disrupt the smooth running of bi-lateral relations, and, in Britain’s case, to undermine increasingly tenuous claims of continued global relevance. Post-war British governments believed that the United Kingdom’s relationship with India could be leveraged, at least in part, to offset the nation’s waning international prestige. In fact, as the fate of British statuary in India makes clear, this proved to be at least as problematic and flawed a strategy in the two decades after 1947, as it had been in those before

The long shadow of colonial cartography: Britain and the Sino-Indian war of 1962

© 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This article examines British responses to the Sino-Indian border war of 1962. It illustrates how, in the years leading up to the war, Britain’s colonial legacy in the Indian subcontinent saw it drawn reluctantly into a territorial dispute between Asia’s two largest and most powerful nations. It analyses disagreements in Whitehall between the Foreign Office and Commonwealth Relations Office over the relative strength of India and China’s border claims, and assesses how these debates reshaped British regional policy. It argues that the border war was instrumental in transforming Britain’s post-colonial relationship with South Asia. Continuing to filter relations with India through an imperial prism proved unsatisfactory, what followed was a more pragmatic Indo-British association

NEONATAL IMMUNE MODULATION TO IMPROVE PNEUMOCYSTIS CLEARANCE

Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes lifethreatening pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. Infants appear to be particularly susceptible to Pneumocystis (PC) pulmonary infections. The higher incidence of PC as well as other pulmonary infections among infants is likely due to an immature immune system. The neonatal lung environment is deficient immunologically in preterm as well as term infants (1, 2). Decreased phagocytic capacity of macrophages in newborns may increase the risk of infection from inhaled pathogens (1, 2). We have previously demonstrated that there is approximately a 3-week delay in the clearance of PC organisms from pup mouse lungs compared to adults. Herein, we demonstrate that there is also a 1-week delay in the infiltration of AMs in pup compared to adult PC-infected mice. We go on to show that there is a delay in pup versus adult lung macrophage phenotypic expression and cytokine production in response to PC organisms. We demonstrated that pup AMs are competent to produce cytokine in response to LPS and that stimulation with zymosan generates cytokine production in pup AMs that is comparable to adult cytokine production. These data indicate that pup lung macrophages are specifically poorly responsive to PC organisms and likely require exogenous stimulation to mount a significant immune response and expedite clearance of the organism. We go on to show that heat-killed Escheriae coli improves cytokine response, cellular infiltration and reduces organism burden in PC-infected pup mice. The clinically relevant cytokine, GM-CSF, has been used to improve the clearance of several pulmonary infections, including PC in adult animal models. We show that monotherapy with GM-CSF is insufficient to improve PC clearance in pup mice; however, when combined with TMP/SMX it improves PC clearance and maintains a reduced PC burden following discontinuation of therapy. Furthermore, we have shown that GM-CSF improves the ability of human infant lung macrophages to phagocytose PC organsms without generating an increased inflammatory response. These data suggest that combination therapy with TMP/SMX and GM-CSF may be a viable treatment option for infants failing or intolerant to standard therapy

A rather tedious and unfortunate affair: the Rahi saga and the troubled origins of Indo–Soviet cinematic exchange

This article breaks new ground by reframing the context in which the governments of India and the Soviet Union arrived at an understanding that determined the course of cinematic exchange between the two countries during the cold war. It suggests that official Indian attitudes to the export of commercial films to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics were not formulated on the basis of carefully calibrated political considerations, but rather on an ad hoc footing, and in response to a combination of unwelcome Soviet pressure and commercial concerns voiced by Indian film-makers. To fully understand the origins of Indian cinema’s emergence as a prominent feature of cultural life behind the Iron Curtain, it is necessary to travel back to the early 1950s, when an unlikely alliance was forged between K.A. Abbas, a flamboyant and politically well-connected Indian film-maker, and N.P. Koulebiakin, a dour commu- nist apparatchik in charge of the Indian arm of Sovexportfilm, the Soviet agency responsible for the import and export of feature films. Specifically, this article recovers the hitherto elided role played by Indian film-makers, such as Abbas, and lesser known Indian films, such as Rahi, in establishing the political ground rules that governed bi-lateral Indo–Soviet cinematic interchange

Soon To Be A Major Motion Picture

Soon To Be A Major Motion Picture is almost the first twenty thousand words of a novel. These five chapters detail Calvin Green\u27s discovery that his dreams are being shown at the Aztec Theater in Denver, CO. Clearly, the novel has supernatural elements, and it offers a voice in the magical realism genre. However, along with the fantastic aspects of the story are a series of probing questions into the nature of artifice, privacy, and celebrity

Reframing Social Care within the Context of Professional Regulation: Towards an Integrative Framework for Practice Teaching within Social Care Education

As CORU commence regulation of social care education, educators are tasked with ensuring that graduates meet the threshold standards set by the Social Care Workers Registration Board (SCWRB) (2017a) in the Standards of Proficiency for Social Care Workers. This paper focuses on Domain 3 of these standards which outlines the proficiencies required to deliver a safe, effective and quality service, including proficiencies pertaining to assessment, intervention and evaluation. There is limited literature in Ireland in relation to how assessment, intervention and evaluation take place in diverse social care settings. As social care educators with qualifications and professional experience in social care practice, the authors will utilise their knowledge and experience to contribute to this knowledge base. Opportunities and challenges presented by this domain are discussed, and an integrative teaching tool is offered to support students to work towards proficiency in this area