Analytical modeling of demagnetizing effect in magnetoelectric ferrite/PZT/ferrite trilayers taking into account a mechanical coupling

In this paper, we investigate the demagnetizing effect in ferrite/PZT/ferrite magnetoelectric (ME) trilayer composites consisting of commercial PZT discs bonded by epoxy layers to Ni-Co-Zn ferrite discs made by a reactive Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique. ME voltage coefficients (transversal mode) were measured on ferrite/PZT/ferrite trilayer ME samples with different thicknesses or phase volume ratio in order to highlight the influence of the magnetic field penetration governed by these geometrical parameters. Experimental ME coefficients and voltages were compared to analytical calculations using a quasi-static model. Theoretical demagnetizing factors of two magnetic discs that interact together in parallel magnetic structures were derived from an analytical calculation based on a superposition method. These factors were introduced in ME voltage calculations which take account of the demagnetizing effect. To fit the experimental results, a mechanical coupling factor was also introduced in the theoretical formula. This reflects the differential strain that exists in the ferrite and PZT layers due to shear effects near the edge of the ME samples and within the bonding epoxy layers. From this study, an optimization in magnitude of the ME voltage is obtained. Lastly, an analytical calculation of demagnetizing effect was conducted for layered ME composites containing higher numbers of alternated layers (). The advantage of such a structure is then discussed

Uniaxial anisotropy and enhanced magnetostriction of CoFe2_2O4_4 induced by reaction under uniaxial pressure with SPS

In this study, we have compared magnetic and magnetostrictive properties of polycrystalline CoFe$_2$O$_4$ pellets, produced by three different methods, focusing on the use of Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). This technique allows a very short heat treatment stage while a uniaxial pressure is applied. SPS was utilized to sinter cobalt ferrite but also to make the reaction and the sintering (reactive sintering) of the same ceramic composition. Magnetic and magnetostrictive measurements show that the reactive sintering with SPS induces a uniaxial anisotropy, while it is not the case with a simple sintering process. The induced anisotropy is then expected to be a consequence of the reaction under uniaxial pressure. This anisotropy enhanced the magnetostrictive properties of the sample, where a maximum longitudinal magnetostriction of $-229$~ppm is obtained. This process can be a promising alternative to the magnetic-annealing because of the short processing time required (22 minutes)

Hyperfine splittings in the bbˉb\bar{b} system

Recent measurements of the $\eta_b(1S)$, the ground state of the $b\bar{b}$ system, show the splitting between it and the \Up(1S) to be 69.5$\pm$3.2 MeV, considerably larger than lattice QCD and potential model predictions, including recent calculations published by us. The models are unable to incorporate such a large hyperfine splitting within the context of a consistent description of the energy spectrum and decays. We demonstrate that in our model, which incorporates a relativistic kinetic energy term, a linear confining term including its scalar-exchange relativistic corrections, and the complete one-loop QCD short distance potential, such a consistent description, including the measured hyperfine splitting, can be obtained by not softening the delta function terms in the hyperfine potential. We calculate the hyperfine splitting to be 67.5 MeV.Comment: 5 pages, 3 tables, text revision

Rare B decays in a single Universal Extra Dimension scenario

Exclusive rare $B \to K^{(*)} \ell^+ \ell^-$, $B \to K^{(*)} \nu \bar \nu$ and $B \to K^* \gamma$ decays are studied within the Applequist-Cheng-Dobrescu model, an extension of the Standard Model in presence of universal extra dimensions. In the case of a single universal extra dimension compactified on a circle of radius R, we study the dependence of several observables on 1/R, and discuss whether the hadronic uncertainty due to the form factors obscures or not such a dependence. We find that, using present data, it is possible in many cases to put a sensible lower bound to 1/R, the most stringent one coming from $B \to K^* \gamma$.Comment: LaTeX, 4 pages, 4 figures. Talk given at "QCD 06", July 3-7 2006, Montpellier (France

An Improved Standard Model Prediction Of BR(B -> tau nu) And Its Implications For New Physics

The recently measured B -> tau nu branching ratio allows to test the Standard Model by probing virtual effects of new heavy particles, such as a charged Higgs boson. The accuracy of the test is currently limited by the experimental error on BR(B -> tau nu) and by the uncertainty on the parameters fB and |Vub|. The redundancy of the Unitarity Triangle fit allows to reduce the error on these parameters and thus to perform a more precise test of the Standard Model. Using the current experimental inputs, we obtain BR(B -> tau nu)_SM = (0.84 +- 0.11)x10^{-4}, to be compared with BR(B -> tau nu)_exp = (1.73 +- 0.34)x10^{-4}. The Standard Model prediction can be modified by New Physics effects in the decay amplitude as well as in the Unitarity Triangle fit. We discuss how to disentangle the two possible contributions in the case of minimal flavour violation at large tan beta and generic loop-mediated New Physics. We also consider two specific models with minimal flavour violation: the Type-II Two Higgs Doublet Model and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model.Comment: 7 pages, 13 figures, 1 table. v2: added references and discussion of B -> D tau nu in the 2HDM. v3: added Bs->mumu in the 2HDM. Final version to appear in PL

Sedimentologie et coraux du bioherme de marbre rouge Frasnien (F2j) de Tapoumont (Massif de Phillippeville, Belgique)

The sedimentological study of the Frasnian Tapoumont red marble bioherm (Philippeville antiform, Belgium, «F2j» based on rugose corals) enables recognition of twelve microfacies. They range from sponge spicule mudstones to crinoidal, coral rudstones. Water agitation and light supply normally control the bioherm growth, but three environments do not follow the rule. They are characterized by the abundance of microorganic mats, now in form of irregular plurimetric fenestrae. cemented by radiaxial calcite. They are more and more abundant towards the centre of the buildup. Four lateral microfacies are studied. The bioherm geometry is discussed, and a weak sedimentary slope is proposed

A fourth level of Frasnian carbonate mounds along the south side of the Dinant Synclinorium (Belgium)

An additional level of Frasnian mounds has been recognized in the La Boverie quarry at Rochefort and in four boreholes drilled in the Nord quarry at Frasnes, on the south side of the Dinant Synclinorium. It occurs between the Arche and Lion Members belonging respectively to the Moulin Liénaux and Grands Breux Formations, in the middle part of the stage. The new name of La Boverie Member is introduced at the top of the Moulin Liénaux Fm., for the deposits lying between the Arche and Bieumont Members; the latter is the basement of the Lion mound. The same succession has been observed in the sections of Moulin Bayot close to Vodelée, in the southeastern part of the Philippeville Anticlinorium. The La Boverie Member starts with rather deep bioclastic sediments, after the collapse of the carbonate factory at the top of the Arche mound. In the upper part of the lithostratigraphic unit, there is a thin buildup characterized by relatively shallow facies. The solitary rugose corals Macgeea boveriensis n. sp., M. socialis SOSHKINA, 1939 and Sinodisphyllum posterum (IVANIA, 1965) collected in the lower part of the La Boverie Member are described in detail whereas the revision of S. kielcense (ROZKOWSKA, 1979) occurring in the Bieumont Member is also provided

Time Reversal Violation from the entangled B0-antiB0 system

We discuss the concepts and methodology to implement an experiment probing directly Time Reversal (T) non-invariance, without any experimental connection to CP violation, by the exchange of "in" and "out" states. The idea relies on the B0-antiB0 entanglement and decay time information available at B factories. The flavor or CP tag of the state of the still living neutral meson by the first decay of its orthogonal partner overcomes the problem of irreversibility for unstable systems, which prevents direct tests of T with incoherent particle states. T violation in the time evolution between the two decays means experimentally a difference between the intensities for the time-ordered (l^+ X, J/psi K_S) and (J/psi K_L, l^- X) decays, and three other independent asymmetries. The proposed strategy has been applied to simulated data samples of similar size and features to those currently available, from which we estimate the significance of the expected discovery to reach many standard deviations.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, 6 table

SuperIso: A program for calculating the isospin asymmetry of B -> K* gamma in the MSSM

We present a program for calculating the isospin symmetry breaking of the B -> K* gamma decay in the MSSM with minimal flavor violation. This program calculates the NLO supersymmetric contributions to the isospin asymmetry, using the effective Hamiltonian approach and within the QCD factorization method. We show that isospin symmetry breaking proves to be a very restrictive observable, in particular in the mSUGRA parameter space. The program also calculates the inclusive branching ratio associated to b -> s gamma transition, as a comparison reference.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure, source code can be obtained from http://www3.tsl.uu.se/~nazila/superiso