Modeling the Oxidative Metabolic Breakdown of Ethanol and Its Effects on the Cardiovascular System

Chronic ethanol consumption contributes to the global prevalence’s of cardiovascular disease by mechanisms involving an inflammatory response and consequent lipid peroxidation. Cytochrome p450 is a part of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) and can utilize iron complexes and the reductant NADPH to catalyze the breakdown of acute/chronic ethanol consumption. However, efficacy of MEOS to prevent cardiovascular burden induced by ethanol consumption is not clear. PURPOSE: To demonstrate the response of the cardiovascular system in response to the oxidative metabolic breakdown of ethanol via MEOS. METHODS: An extensive literature search provided data to develop a mechanistic model of the metabolism of chronic and low volume ethanol consumption. Artificial neural networks were utilized to construct a colormap of correlation coefficients between ethanol consumption and markers of inflammation and lipid peroxidation. RESULTS: The model showed that 3.5 standard drinks (50g of alcohol) were sufficient to increased levels of malondialdehyde and C-Reactive Protein. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that ethanol consumption to a level equal to or above 3.5 standard drinks is sufficient to induce cardiovascular stress through increased reactive oxygen species and consequent inflammation, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress. The results also provide the foundation for targeted preventative or therapeutic interventions to enhance MEOS that may reduce the cardiovascular burden of alcohol consumption

An accreted continental terrane in Northwestern Peru

Cet article présente une étude paléomagnétique des échantillons de plusieurs formations du bassin de Lancones (province de Piura). Les auteurs formulent l'hypothèse de l'accrétion d'une terrane sur la marge péruvienne au cours du Néocomien. Un régime de cisaillement aurait également produit des rotations in situ. L'évolution géodynamique du nord du Pérou est donc comparable aux processus observés sur les Andes septentrionales, en Equateu

Headache during pregnancy : an observational study

Introducción: Las cefaleas primarias (CP) tienen mayor prevalencia e incidencia a menor edad y en su mayoría afectan a mujeres. La predilección femenina puede ser explicada por la relación de la cefalea y las hormonas sexuales, en particular el estrógeno. La migraña es la CP más discapacitante. Diversos estudios demuestran que dicha cefalea mejora durante el embarazo, principalmente en cuanto a frecuencia e intensidad. Objetivo: Caracterizar las CP según su intensidad y frecuencia durante el embarazo, además de valorar aspectos demográficos y clínicos asociados en estas pacientes. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal que analizó al azar mujeres durante el embarazo o puerperio mediato y se investigó el padecimiento de cefalea antes o durante el curso de dicho estado, mediante un cuestionario realizado por médicos del Servicio de Neurología. Se emplearon criterios de la International Headache Society 2018 (IHS) para la clasificación de cefaleas. Se analizaron datos con EpiInfo 7. Resultados: Se incluyeron 102 pacientes obstétricas. La media de edad fue de 27,6 años (DS+/-7). El 47,1% cursaba puerperio, 40,2% tercer trimestre, 7,8% segundo trimestre, 4,9% primer trimestre. El 14% presentaba antecedentes patológicos previos. El 89,2% padecía CP previa al embarazo siendo mayor en frecuencia la cefalea tensional episódica (61,8%). Se observó que hubo mejoría durante el embarazo en el 71,4%.Además se vio que el 12,8% de las pacientes presentaron cefalea nueva durante el embarazo siendo más frecuente la secundaria (8,8%). Conclusión: Entre las pacientes que presentaban CP previa al embarazo se observó que la mayoría mejoró durante el mismo. Además se concluyó que ante la aparición de cefalea nueva durante el embarazo se deberían realizar estudios complementarios ya que la mayoría fue secundaria a patologías graves.Introduction: Primary headache disorders (PH) are pathologies with high prevalence and incidence in young people, affecting women predominantly. Female predilection is associated with the linkage between headache and sexual hormones, mainly estrogens. Migraine is the most disabling primary headache. Some studies have shown that intensity and frequency of migraine tend to improve during pregnancy. Objetive: Describe primary headaches during pregnancy, in terms of frequency and intensity, and assess demographic and clinical manifestations associated with this condition. Subjects and methods: Descriptive, transversal study that randomly analyzed women during pregnancy or mediate puerperium. Existence of headache before and after these conditions was investigated trough a questionary made by physicians of the Neurology Service. International Headache Society 2018 criteria (IHS) were used to classify headaches. Data were analyzed with EpiInfo 7. Results: One hundred and twoobstetric patients were included. Median agewas 27,6 (SD +/-7). 47,1% patientswere in puerperium, 40,2% in the third trimester, 7.8% in the second trimester and 4.9% in the first trimester. Previous medical history was reported in 14% cases. PH prior to pregnancy was reported in 89.2% patients, being episodic tension headache the most frequent (61.8%). Improvement of headache during pregnancy was detected in 71.4% of the cases. There was a 12,8% of new-onset headache during pregnancy, with the secondary etiology as the most frequent cause (8,8%). Conclusion: Most of the headaches previous to pregnancy improve during this condition. New-onset headache during pregnancy must induce to request complementary studies in order to rule out severe secondary etiologies.Fil: Peñalver, F.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Galiana, G.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Delfino, C.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Farfan Alé, F.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Sánchez, C.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Gonzalez, M.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Giner, F.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Rodríguez, N.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Martínez, M.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Ianardi, S.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y Neurocirugí

Enfermedad de Creutzfeld Jakob, desafío diagnóstico : reporte de dos casos en la ciudad de Mendoza

La enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob (ECJ) es una afección neurodege-nerativa rápidamente progresiva y mortal producida por priones. Es la más común de las encefalopatías espongiformes. La hipótesis prevalente sugiere que se inicia y propaga por conversión de una proteína priónica normal (PrP) en una isoforma conformacional anormal (PrPreS), que se acumula en el cerebro causando destrucción neuronal. Se reporta el caso de dos pacientes asistido en el Servicio de Neurología del Hospital Lagomaggiore de la ciudad de Mendoza en el período de 2 años: mujer de 49 años con cuadro de deterioro cognitivo rápidamente progresivo asociado a trastorno de la marcha y ataxia de 2 meses de evolución; y varón de 54 años con conductas inapropiadas y desorientación temporo-espacial de 20 días de evolución. Ambos con EEG compatible y proteína 14.3.3 positiva, falleciendo semanas después del diagnóstico. Se discute ambos casos, los cuales representaron un desafío diagnóstico dada la baja frecuencia y escaso reconocimiento de esta entidad en nuestro medio, debiendo debe ser considerado en pacientes que evolucionan a una demencia rápidamente progresiva.Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by prions. It is the most common of spongiform encephalopathies. The most accepted hypothesis suggests that it initiates and propagates through conversion of normal prion protein (PrP) in an abnormal conformational isoform (PrPres), which accumulates in the brain causing neuronal destruction. The cases of two patients assisted in the Department of Neurology of Hospital Lagomaggiore city of Mendoza in 2-year period are reported: A 49-year old female patient with symptoms of rapidly progressing cognitive impairment associated with gait disturbance and ataxia of 2 months of progression; and a 54-year old male with misconduct and temporo-spatial disorientation of 20 days of evolution. In both cases, EEG was compatible with CJD and 14.3.3 protein was positive, dying weeks after diagnosis. Both cases are discussed, which represented a diagnostic challenge given the low frequency and little recognition of this entity in our environment, must be considered in patients who develop a rapidly progressive dementia.Fil: Galiana, Graciana Lourdes. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: Farfan Alé, F.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: De Monte, M.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: Sánchez, C.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: Torres, A.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: Ianardi, S.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: Genco, J.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: Genco, D.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina)Fil: Castellino, G.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina

Regulation of pituitary MT1 melatonin receptor expression by gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1) : in vivo and in vitro studies

Copyright: © 2014 Bae et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was funded by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC; grant BB/F020309/1; http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/home/home.aspx). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The step of incorporation of Bacillus coagulans GBI-30 6086 into “requeijão cremoso” processed cheese does not affect metabolic homeostasis of rats

Dairy product consumption is a common habit in Brazil. These products present a good matrix for probiotic incorporation. Thus, in this study the feasibility of producing a probiotic "requeijao cremoso" incorporated with Bacillus coagulans GBI-30 6086 in three different steps and its metabolic effect in an animal model for 2 weeks has been evaluated. Wistar adult health rats were randomized into one to five groups (n = 8 for each group): Control (C); "requeijao cremoso" without probiotic (RC); probiotic inoculated in the milk before pasteurization at 65 degrees C/30 min (RPP); "requeijao cremoso" inoculated before the fusion step and consequently exposed to 90 degrees C/5 min (RPF); and "requeijao cremoso" inoculated after fusion step, i.e., once the product temperature reached 50 degrees C (RPAF). At the end of treatment, analysis of molecular markers of proteins of stress and antioxidant system, HSP 25, 60, 70 and 90, SOD and catalase were performed in the animals' muscles by Western Blot technique. The HSP25, HSP90 and catalase levels of C, RPP, RPF, and RPAF were similar, indicating that the homeostasis remained unchanged. The incorporation of B. coagulans GBI-30 6086 in the "requeijao cremoso" was shown to be stable and the microorganism remained viable in all steps tested. The incorporation of the probiotic strain in the fusion stage facilitated the technological process, since it allowed a better homogenization of the product and did not affect the maintenance of the metabolic homeostasis of rats10CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informação302763/2014-7; 305804/2017-013/21544-9; 18/24540-8; 2019/21188-

Electricity Generation from Slabs of Construction and Demolition Waste and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

Many countries depend on electrical energy to be able to develop their activities, and the most advisable is to generate it from renewable energy sources. Construction and demolition waste as well as WEEE (waste electrical and electronic equipment) can be used to generate electricity. Therefore, the research aimed to generate electricity from energy slabs from construction and electrical waste. For this purpose, the waste was collected, sorted and segregated, and then the slabs were made and assembled with the mechanical part. The method of transformation of mechanical to electrical energy arising from the interaction of people through the action of stepping on the slabs was used. The results obtained indicated that a single module of 14 slabs was able to charge a 12 V battery in an average of 4 hours, and by increasing the number of modules the energy collection time is substantially reduced, as long as the flow of people is increasing. Finally, it was concluded that the use of these slab modules is quite favourable for small-scale power generation, provided the necessary conditions are met

The variation of productivity and its allocation along a tropical elevation gradient: a whole carbon budget perspective

Why do forest productivity and biomass decline with elevation? To address this question, research to date generally has focused on correlative approaches describing changes in woody growth and biomass with elevation. We present a novel, mechanistic approach to this question by quantifying the autotrophic carbon budget in 16 forest plots along a 3300 m elevation transect in Peru. Low growth rates at high elevations appear primarily driven by low gross primary productivity (GPP), with little shift in either carbon use efficiency (CUE) or allocation of net primary productivity (NPP) between wood, fine roots and canopy. The lack of trend in CUE implies that the proportion of photosynthate allocated to autotrophic respiration is not sensitive to temperature. Rather than a gradual linear decline in productivity, there is some limited but nonconclusive evidence of a sharp transition in NPP between submontane and montane forests, which may be caused by cloud immersion effects within the cloud forest zone. Leaf-level photosynthetic parameters do not decline with elevation, implying that nutrient limitation does not restrict photosynthesis at high elevations. Our data demonstrate the potential of whole carbon budget perspectives to provide a deeper understanding of controls on ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling

Riesgo epidemiológico para leptospirosis en un barrio de la ciudad de La Plata

La leptospirosis constituye una zoonosis de distribución mundial causada por distintas especies patógenas del género Leptospira. Los roedores se consideran el principal reservorio y los caninos tienen una importancia epidemiológica sustancial, debido a su estrecho contacto con el grupo familiar. El presente proyecto se implementó conjuntamente con la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria para la vigilancia de leptospirosis en un barrio de nuestra ciudad.Facultad de Ciencias Médica