X-Chromosomal short tandem repeat loci in the Turkish population

In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the importance and utility of polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) found on the human X chromosome and to provide the first allelic frequency data of X-STR (X chromosomal) loci in the Turkish population. Blood samples were taken from unrelated individuals (135 males and 129 females) from different regions of the country. Primers were designed according to gene bank data (www.gdb.org) and synthesised by the Köln Blutgruppen Institute. The primers amplified the following loci on the X chromosome: DXS8377, DXS101, DXS6789, STRX-1 and HUMHPRTB. Our data showed that two loci, DXS8377 and DX101, had the highest number of alleles (18) and the polymorphism information content (PIC) values of these loci were 0.9 and 0.87, respectively and were higher than those of other loci. In the other loci examined, 11 (STRX1), 10 (DXS6789) and 9 (HPRTB) alleles were detected and the PIC values of these loci were 0.78, 0.68 and 0.70, respectively. The highest (0.899) and lowest (0.674) rate of heterozygosity was found in the DXS8377 and HPRTB loci, respectively. In all loci, the power of discrimination for female (PDF) values were higher than the power of discrimination for male (PDM) values. The locus with the highest PDF value was DXS8377 (0.9841). The mean exclusion change (MEC) value of this locus also proved to be the highest for both fathermother- child and father-child. The locus with the lowest MEC value was DXS6789. To use calculations of probabilities of genetic results for forensic purposes, allelic frequencies in individuals in the community should be determined. Our study provides the first data from the Turkish population.Key words: X chromosomal (X-STR), forensic genetics, forensic sciences, DNA, kinship testing, paternity

Combined chemotherapy in 76 children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma excluding Burkitt's lymphoma.

From January 1983 to December 1986 seventy-six previously untreated children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated by combination chemotherapy. Burkitt's lymphoma patients were ineligible. The treatment regimens include intermittent chemotherapy and for non-localized patients, prophylactic central nervous system chemotherapy. Intrathoracic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients also had cranial prophylactic radiotherapy. Sixty-six patients (86.8%) achieved complete remission. Two year failure-free survival rate was 82.1% for localized (stage I and II) NHL and 53.3% for non-localized (stage III and IV) NHL patients. Failure-free survival did not differ significantly for the two major histologic diagnoses, but two year survival rate was lower in diffuse poorly differentiated lymphoblastic than undifferentiated non-Burkitt's lymphoma (50% versus 66.8% respectively). Failure-free survival rate was 53.7% in mediastinal disease and, 73.2% in abdominal disease at 24 months. Relapse rate was higher in mediastinal cases (46.1%) than primary abdominal cases (24.3%) at 24 months. Eleven (13.5%) died of treatment related sepsis. Although the overall survival rate was 72.4% at 2 years we need novel or more intensive programmes for mediastinal and non-localized disease

"Overcome your anger if you are a man": Silencing women's agency to voice violence against women

This study traces the relation between male violence and masculinist norms that attribute political agency exclusively to men. Through critical analysis of a recent campaign initiated as an effort to fight violence against women in Turkey by addressing men as the only agents endowed with agency to solve the problem, we explore the ways in which this discourse risks marginalizing women who seek empowerment through women's solidarity. We uncover three patterns: (1) the assumption of a "cultural particularity" in Turkey nested in the traditional family structure which should allegedly be left unquestioned; (2) glorification of values attributed to the masculine; (3) taking violence as an individual problem of "anger management." We argue that this campaign is inimical to the aim it declares because by marginalizing feminist efforts to question the social and structural patterns of male violence, it deprives women of political agency essential in the struggle against this problem. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd

Isospin structure of one- and two-phonon GDR excitations

Isospin is included in the description of Coulomb excitation of multiple giant isovector dipole resonances. In the excitation of even-even nuclei, a relevant portion of the excitation strength is shown to be associated with 1+ two-phonon states, which tends to be hindered or completely supressed in calculations in which the isospin degree of freedom is not considered. We find that the excitation cross sections is strongly dependent on the ground state isospin.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Financial and capital account liberalisation, financial development and economic development: a review of some recent contributions

This article presents a review of some recent contributions on the relation between global finance and economic development in emerging economies. It first, stresses the growing consensus among economists on the financial instability that financial and capital account liberalization can possibly cause in emerging economies. It then outlines and compares two alternative strategies to tame such instability. The comparison is between the “good-institutions need-to-come-first” approach put forward by some mainstream economists, and the request for a deeper reform of the existing monetary system advocated by heterodox economists

Multi-messenger model for the starburst galaxy M82

In this paper, a consistent model of the multifrequency emission of the starburst galaxy M82, from radio to gamma-rays is presented and discussed. Predictions for observations with Fermi, MAGIC II/VERITAS and CTA telescopes are made. The model is also used to self-consistenty compute the (all flavors) emission of neutrinos resulting from this starburst galaxy, what can be used in considerations of the diffuse contributions of such objects.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies

The production and consumption of nuts are increasing in the world due to strong economic returns and the nutritional value of their products. With the increasing role and importance given to nuts (i.e., walnuts, hazelnut, pistachio, pecan, almond) in a balanced and healthy diet and their benefits to human health, breeding of the nuts species has also been stepped up. Most recent fruit breeding programs have focused on scion genetic improvement. However, the use of locally adapted grafted rootstocks also enhanced the productivity and quality of tree fruit crops. Grafting is an ancient horticultural practice used in nut crops to manipulate scion phenotype and productivity and overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. There are complex rootstock breeding objectives and physiological and molecular aspects of rootstock–scion interactions in nut crops. In this review, we provide an overview of these, considering the mechanisms involved in nutrient and water uptake, regulation of phytohormones, and rootstock influences on the scion molecular processes, including long-distance gene silencing and trans-grafting. Understanding the mechanisms resulting from rootstock × scion × environmental interactions will contribute to developing new rootstocks with resilience in the face of climate change, but also of the multitude of diseases and pests.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Paleoseismic History of the Dead Sea Fault Zone

International audienceThe aim of this entry is to describe the DSF as a transform plate boundary pointing out the rate of activedeformation, fault segmentation, and geometrical complexities as a control of earthquake ruptures. Thedistribution of large historical earthquakes from a revisited seismicity catalogue using detailedmacroseismic maps allows the correlation between the location of past earthquakes and fault segments.The recent results of paleoearthquake investigations (paleoseismic and archeoseismic) with a recurrenceinterval of large events and long-term slip rate are presented and discussed along with the identification ofseismic gaps along the fault. Finally, the implications for the seismic hazard assessment are also discussed