Bibliothekswissenschaftliche Zukunftsfelder im Kontext der Neuausrichtung des Bachelorstudiengangs Bibliothekswissenschaft der Fachhochschule Potsdam

Im folgenden Beitrag werden bibliothekswissenschaftliche Zukunftsfelder skizziert, die maßgeblich die Überarbeitung des Curriculums des Bachelorstudiengangs Bibliothekswissenschaft an der Fachhochschule Potsdam geprägt haben. Besonders hervorgehoben werden dabei informationstechnologische sowie bibliotheks- und informationswissenschaftliche Trends, die für den kompetenten Umgang mit globalen Herausforderungen wie der nachhaltigen Digitalisierung maßgeblich sind und sich in den drei Studienschwerpunkten Bibliotheks- und Informationsdidaktik, Data Steward und Offenheit wiederfinden.The following article outlines future fields of library science that have significantly influenced the revision of the curriculum of the bachelor's degree program in library science at the University of Applied Sciences Potsdam. Particular emphasis is placed on information technology as well as on library- and information science trends, which are crucial for dealing competently with global challenges such as sustainable digitization and are reflected in the three course specializations of library and information didactics, data stewardship and openness.Peer Reviewe

The BMV experiment : a novel apparatus to study the propagation of light in a transverse magnetic field

In this paper, we describe in detail the BMV (Bir\'efringence Magn\'etique du Vide) experiment, a novel apparatus to study the propagation of light in a transverse magnetic field. It is based on a very high finesse Fabry-Perot cavity and on pulsed magnets specially designed for this purpose. We justify our technical choices and we present the current status and perspectives.Comment: To be published in the European Physical Journal

Complex-type N-glycan recognition by potent broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies

Broadly neutralizing HIV antibodies (bNAbs) can recognize carbohydrate-dependent epitopes on gp120. In contrast to previously characterized glycan-dependent bNAbs that recognize high-mannose N-glycans, PGT121 binds complex-type N-glycans in glycan microarrays. We isolated the B-cell clone encoding PGT121, which segregates into PGT121-like and 10-1074–like groups distinguished by sequence, binding affinity, carbohydrate recognition, and neutralizing activity. Group 10-1074 exhibits remarkable potency and breadth but no detectable binding to protein-free glycans. Crystal structures of unliganded PGT121, 10-1074, and their likely germ-line precursor reveal that differential carbohydrate recognition maps to a cleft between complementarity determining region (CDR)H2 and CDRH3. This cleft was occupied by a complex-type N-glycan in a “liganded” PGT121 structure. Swapping glycan contact residues between PGT121 and 10-1074 confirmed their importance for neutralization. Although PGT121 binds complex-type N-glycans, PGT121 recognized high-mannose-only HIV envelopes in isolation and on virions. As HIV envelopes exhibit varying proportions of high-mannose- and complex-type N-glycans, these results suggest promiscuous carbohydrate interactions, an advantageous adaptation ensuring neutralization of all viruses within a given strain

brains-py, A framework to support research on energy-efficient unconventional hardware for machine learning

Projections about the limitations of digital computers for deep learning models are leading to a shift towards domain-specific hardware, where novel analogue components are sought after, due to their potential advantages in power consumption. This paper introduces brains-py, a generic framework to facilitate research on different sorts of disordered nano-material networks for natural and energy-efficient analogue computing. Mainly, it has been applied to the concept of dopant network processing units (DNPUs), a novel and promising CMOS-compatible nano-scale tunable system based on doped silicon with potentially very low-power consumption at the inference stage. The framework focuses on two material-learning-based approaches, for training DNPUs to compute supervised learning tasks: evolution-in-matter and surrogate models.While evolution-in-matter focuses on providing a quick exploration of newly manufactured single DNPUs, the surrogate model approach is used for the design and simulation of the interconnection between multiple DNPUs, enabling the exploration of their scalability. All simulation results can be seamlessly validated on hardware, saving time and costs associated with their reproduction. The framework is generic and can be reused for research on various materials with different design aspects, providing support for the most common tasks requiredfor doing experiments with these novel materials.<br/

Efecto de la harina de coco desgrasada en el crecimiento del conejo

To evaluate the influence of defatted coconut flour (HCD) on the productive performance and yield to the carcass for growing rabbits, five diets were elaborated with increasing levels of this (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 %), which were supplied to 130 animals of the Chinchilla breed, with a completely randomized design. The initial and final live weights, average daily gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, yield to the carcass and its valuable cuts were determined. The experimental period was 78 days. The final live weight of the animals during the fattening cycle was between 2060 and 2242 g/animal, in all cases above 2000 g which is the one established for the slaughter of the animals, the mean weight gain oscillated between 25.4 and 28.4. The inclusion of defatted coconut meal in the diet up to 40 % did not affect the yield to the carcass, its average values ​​ranged between 49.72 and 53.5 %. The results indicate that the rabbits made an adequate absorption of the nutrients when using defatted coconut flour for their growth, in addition the economic performance of the production system is improved.Para evaluar la influencia de la harina de coco desgrasada (HCD) en el comportamiento productivo y el rendimiento a la canal para conejos en crecimiento, fueron elaboradas cinco dietas con niveles crecientes de esta (0, 10, 20, 30 y 40 %), las cuales fueron suministradas a 130 animales de la raza chinchilla, con un diseño completamente aleatorizado. Fueron determinados los pesos vivo inicial y final, ganancia media diaria, consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia, rendimiento a la canal y sus cortes valiosos. El período experimental fue de 78 días. &nbsp;El peso vivo final de los animales durante el ciclo de ceba estuvo entre 2060 y 2242 g/animal, en todos los casos por encima de los 2000 g, que es el establecido para el sacrificio de los animales. La ganancia media de peso osciló entre 25.4 y 28.4. La inclusión de la harina de coco desgrasada en la dieta hasta un 40 % no afectó el rendimiento a la canal, sus valores promedios oscilaron entre 49.72 y 53.5%. Los resultados indican que los conejos realizaron una adecuada absorción de los nutrientes al utilizar harina de coco desgrasada para su crecimiento, además se mejora el rendimiento económico del sistema de producción

Effect of defatted coconut flour on rabbit growth

1 recurso en línea (páginas 47-59).To evaluate the influence of defatted coconut flour (HCD) on the productive performance and yield to the carcass for growing rabbits, five diets were elaborated with increasing levels of this (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 %), which were supplied to 130 animals of the Chinchilla breed, with a completely randomized design. The initial and final live weights, average daily gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, yield to the carcass and its valuable cuts were determined. The experimental period was 78 days. The final live weight of the animals during the fattening cycle was between 2060 and 2242 g/animal, in all cases above 2000 g which is the one established for the slaughter of the animals, the mean weight gain oscillated between 25.4 and 28.4. The inclusion of defatted coconut meal in the diet up to 40 % did not affect the yield to the carcass, its average values ranged between 49.72 and 53.5 %. The results indicate that the rabbits made an adequate absorption of the nutrients when using defatted coconut flour for their growth, in addition the economic performance of the production system is improved.Para evaluar la influencia de la harina de coco desgrasada (HCD) en el comportamiento productivo y el rendimiento a la canal para conejos en crecimiento, fueron elaboradas cinco dietas con niveles crecientes de esta (0, 10, 20, 30 y 40 %), las cuales fueron suministradas a 130 animales de la raza chinchilla, con un diseño completamente aleatorizado. Fueron determinados los pesos vivo inicial y final, ganancia media diaria, consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia, rendimiento a la canal y sus cortes valiosos. El período experimental fue de 78 días. El peso vivo final de los animales durante el ciclo de ceba estuvo entre 2060 y 2242 g/animal, en todos los casos por encima de los 2000 g, que es el establecido para el sacrificio de los animales. La ganancia media de peso osciló entre 25.4 y 28.4. La inclusión de la harina de coco desgrasada en la dieta hasta un 40 % no afectó el rendimiento a la canal, sus valores promedios oscilaron entre 49.72 y 53.5%. Los resultados indican que los conejos realizaron una adecuada absorción de los nutrientes al utilizar harina de coco desgrasada para su crecimiento, además se mejora el rendimiento económico del sistema de producción.Bibliografía y webgrafía: páginas 56-59

Effect of defatted coconut flour on rabbit growth

1 recurso en línea (páginas 47-59).To evaluate the influence of defatted coconut flour (HCD) on the productive performance and yield to the carcass for growing rabbits, five diets were elaborated with increasing levels of this (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 %), which were supplied to 130 animals of the Chinchilla breed, with a completely randomized design. The initial and final live weights, average daily gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, yield to the carcass and its valuable cuts were determined. The experimental period was 78 days. The final live weight of the animals during the fattening cycle was between 2060 and 2242 g/animal, in all cases above 2000 g which is the one established for the slaughter of the animals, the mean weight gain oscillated between 25.4 and 28.4. The inclusion of defatted coconut meal in the diet up to 40 % did not affect the yield to the carcass, its average values ranged between 49.72 and 53.5 %. The results indicate that the rabbits made an adequate absorption of the nutrients when using defatted coconut flour for their growth, in addition the economic performance of the production system is improved.Para evaluar la influencia de la harina de coco desgrasada (HCD) en el comportamiento productivo y el rendimiento a la canal para conejos en crecimiento, fueron elaboradas cinco dietas con niveles crecientes de esta (0, 10, 20, 30 y 40 %), las cuales fueron suministradas a 130 animales de la raza chinchilla, con un diseño completamente aleatorizado. Fueron determinados los pesos vivo inicial y final, ganancia media diaria, consumo de alimento, conversión alimenticia, rendimiento a la canal y sus cortes valiosos. El período experimental fue de 78 días. El peso vivo final de los animales durante el ciclo de ceba estuvo entre 2060 y 2242 g/animal, en todos los casos por encima de los 2000 g, que es el establecido para el sacrificio de los animales. La ganancia media de peso osciló entre 25.4 y 28.4. La inclusión de la harina de coco desgrasada en la dieta hasta un 40 % no afectó el rendimiento a la canal, sus valores promedios oscilaron entre 49.72 y 53.5%. Los resultados indican que los conejos realizaron una adecuada absorción de los nutrientes al utilizar harina de coco desgrasada para su crecimiento, además se mejora el rendimiento económico del sistema de producción.Bibliografía y webgrafía: páginas 56-59

Patterns and universals of mate poaching across 53 nations : the effects of sex, culture, and personality on romantically attracting another person’s partner

As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, 16,954 participants from 53 nations were administered an anonymous survey about experiences with romantic attraction. Mate poaching--romantically attracting someone who is already in a relationship--was most common in Southern Europe, South America, Western Europe, and Eastern Europe and was relatively infrequent in Africa, South/Southeast Asia, and East Asia. Evolutionary and social-role hypotheses received empirical support. Men were more likely than women to report having made and succumbed to short-term poaching across all regions, but differences between men and women were often smaller in more gender-egalitarian regions. People who try to steal another's mate possess similar personality traits across all regions, as do those who frequently receive and succumb to the poaching attempts by others. The authors conclude that human mate-poaching experiences are universally linked to sex, culture, and the robust influence of personal dispositions.peer-reviewe

Are men universally more dismissing than women? Gender differences in romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions

The authors thank Susan Sprecher (USA), Del Paulhus (Canada), Glenn D. Wilson (England), Qazi Rahman (England), Alois Angleitner (Germany), Angelika Hofhansl (Austria), Tamio Imagawa (Japan), Minoru Wada (Japan), Junichi Taniguchi (Japan), and Yuji Kanemasa (Japan) for helping with data collection and contributing significantly to the samples used in this study.Gender differences in the dismissing form of adult romantic attachment were investigated as part of the International Sexuality Description Project—a survey study of 17,804 people from 62 cultural regions. Contrary to research findings previously reported in Western cultures, we found that men were not significantly more dismissing than women across all cultural regions. Gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment were evident in most cultures, but were typically only small to moderate in magnitude. Looking across cultures, the degree of gender differentiation in dismissing romantic attachment was predictably associated with sociocultural indicators. Generally, these associations supported evolutionary theories of romantic attachment, with smaller gender differences evident in cultures with high–stress and high–fertility reproductive environments. Social role theories of human sexuality received less support in that more progressive sex–role ideologies and national gender equity indexes were not cross–culturally linked as expected to smaller gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment.peer-reviewe