A Pseudo-Measure of Fuzziness

In this note we give an example of a gradationof openness (a fuzzy topology in Shostak’s sense) and deduce from it a pseudo-measure of fuzziness

A Note on Fixed Fuzzy Points for Fuzzy Mappings

We prove a fixed fuzzy point theorem for fuzzy contraction mappings (in the S. Heilpern’s sense) over a complete metric space, and as a consequence we obtain a fixed point theorem in the context of intuitionistic fuzzy sets

Analysis of the length weight relationships for the Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.)

The recently adopted models by ICCAT Standing Committee on Research and Statistics (SCRS) for the Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT), Thunnus thynnus (L.) (RW= 0.0000159137 SFL^3.020584, WEST; and RW= 0.0000315551 SFL^2.898454, EAST ), together with the models used to date (RW= 0.0000152 SFL^3.0531, for western stock; and RW= 0.000019607 SFL^3.0092, for eastern stock) and an alternative model for the eastern stock (RW= 0.0000188SFL^3.01247), are analyzed in using bi variant samples (SFL (cm), RW (kg)) of 698 pairs of data (K= 2.02 ± 0.23 SD, western stock) and 474 pairs of data (K= 2.03 ± 0.15 SD, eastern stock) with the aim of validating them and establishing which model best fit the reality represented by the samples and, therefore, will have the greatest descriptive and predictive power. The result of the analysis indicates that the adopted models WEST and EAST clearly underestimates the weight of spawning ABFT being the models used to date, as well as the alternative model presented in this paper, that best explains the data of the samples. The result of the classical statistical analysis is confirmed by means of the quantile regression technique, selecting the quantiles 5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 95%. Other biological and fisheries indicators also conclude that the models WEST and EAST gradually underestimates the weight of ABFT spawners (of 2 3 m) by 8 14%; the average value of K (1.78 and 1.82) obtained for spawners (> 140 cm), using the adopted models, represents ABFT in low fattening condition; and the evolution of K throughout the year, by using the monthly L-W adopted models, does not represent the significant increase in weight that ABFT experiences in nature between August and December.Cort, JL.; Estruch, VD. (2016). Analysis of the length weight relationships for the Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.). Collective Volume of Scientific Papers. 154:1-38. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/78955S13815

A contribution to fuzzy subspaces

[EN] We give a new concept of fuzzy topological subspace, which extends the usual one, and study in it the related concepts of interior, closure and conectedness.While working on this paper the authors have been partialy supported by a grant from UPV: "Incentivo a la investigación/99"Alamar, M.; Estruch, VD. (2002). A contribution to fuzzy subspaces. Applied General Topology. 3(1):13-23. doi:10.4995/agt.2002.2107SWORD13233

Predicting functionality of protein–DNA interactions by integrating diverse evidence

Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-chip) experiments enable capturing physical interactions between regulatory proteins and DNA in vivo. However, measurement of chromatin binding alone is not sufficient to detect regulatory interactions. A detected binding event may not be biologically relevant, or a known regulatory interaction might not be observed under the growth conditions tested so far. To correctly identify physical interactions between transcription factors (TFs) and genes and to determine their regulatory implications under various experimental conditions, we integrated ChIP-chip data with motif binding sites, nucleosome occupancy and mRNA expression datasets within a probabilistic framework. This framework was specifically tailored for the identification of functional and non-functional DNA binding events. Using this, we estimate that only 50% of condition-specific protein–DNA binding in budding yeast is functional. We further investigated the molecular factors determining the functionality of protein–DNA interactions under diverse growth conditions. Our analysis suggests that the functionality of binding is highly condition-specific and highly dependent on the presence of specific cofactors. Hence, the joint analysis of both, functional and non-functional DNA binding, may lend important new insights into transcriptional regulation

El estudio de aplicaciones de los sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias a través de artículos científicos

[ES] En el estudio de las Ecuaciones Diferenciales Ordinarias, y sistemas de estas, es importante la aplicación a casos reales a través de la modelización matemática. En la bibliografía existen muchas referencias a diversas aplicaciones clásicas: desintegración radiactiva, modelos de población depredador-presa, poblaciones de Lotka-Volterra o epidemias modelos SIR. En este trabajo mostramos cómo se ha ampliado el estudio de estas aplicaciones a través del manejo de artículos científicos disponibles en la red, en una asignatura optativa del Grado en Ingeniería de Sistemas de Telecomunicación, Sonido e Imagen en la EPSG, en una de sus unidades didácticas referida al estudio de las ecuaciones y sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales. Nuestro alumnado ha trabajado con artículos científicos explorando otras aplicaciones o generalizaciones de las analizadas en clase: modelos matemáticos sobre las consecuencias de la vacunación, modelización y simulación del comportamiento epidemiológico de la gripe, una invasión zombi, modelado de la propagación de malware en redes de sensores inalámbricos, de ordenadores o en teléfonos móviles. Describiremos la metodología seguida, el trabajo realizado por el alumnado y su opinión.Este trabajo ha sido financiado por la Universitat Politécnica de València en el marco de los Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIME/2017/B/15).Vidal Meló, A.; Estruch Fuster, VD. (2020). El estudio de aplicaciones de los sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias a través de artículos científicos. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 671-679. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2019.2019.10150OCS67167

Drag estimation on wedge-shaped protuberances in high-speed flows

A semi-empirical method is developed to estimate drag on wedge-shaped projections in hypersonic flow. Force balance measurements from gun tunnel tests directly measure total drag on blunt wedges, where the boundary layer and the entropy layer are weakly coupled. Detailed flowfield analysis from numerical simulations provides estimated locations of peak pressure ratio and skin friction. Schlieren images are used for detecting incipient separation in incoming flows with laminar and turbulent boundary layers. Test results indicate the presence of local hotspots at reattachment points of strong detached shocks on the wedge compression ramp, and of primary and secondary vortical structures around lateral faces. Total drag is found to decrease with decreasing bluntness but increasing slenderness in wedges tend to increase skin friction drag

Optimum sample size to estimate mean parasite abundance in fi sh parasite surveys

[EN] To reach ethically and scientifically valid mean abundance values in parasitological and epidemiological studies this paper considers analytic and simulation approaches for sample size determination. The sample size estimation was carried out by applying mathematical formula with predetermined precision level and parameter of the negative binomial distribution estimated from the empirical data. A simulation approach to optimum sample size determination aimed at the estimation of true value of the mean abundance and its confidence interval (CI) was based on the Bag of Little Bootstraps (BLB). The abundance of two species of monogenean parasites Ligophorus cephali and L. mediterraneus from Mugil cephalus across the Azov-Black Seas localities were subjected to the analysis. The dispersion pattern of both helminth species could be characterized as a highly aggregated distribution with the variance being substantially larger than the mean abundance. The holistic approach applied here offers a wide range of appropriate methods in searching for the optimum sample size and the understanding about the expected precision level of the mean. Given the superior performance of the BLB relative to formulae with its few assumptions, the bootstrap procedure is the preferred method. Two important assessments were performed in the present study: i) based on CIs width a reasonable precision level for the mean abundance in parasitological surveys of Ligophorus spp. could be chosen between 0.8 and 0.5 with 1.6 and 1x mean of the CIs width, and ii) the sample size equal 80 or more host individuals allows accurate and precise estimation of mean abundance. Meanwhile for the host sample size in range between 25 and 40 individuals, the median estimates showed minimal bias but the sampling distribution skewed to the low values; a sample size of 10 host individuals yielded to unreliable estimates.SS and VS were supported by MEDEA project fellowships, Erasmus Mundus Action 2. CC-S was funded by project #MTM2014-52975-C2-1-R:" Inference in Structured Additive Regression (STAR) Models with Extensions to Multivariate Responses. Applications in Biomedicine", cofinanced by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SPAIN) and by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). This study is partially supported by Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, project #1/17.Shvydka, S.; Sarabeev, V.; Estruch, VD.; Cadarso-Suarez, C. (2018). Optimum sample size to estimate mean parasite abundance in fi sh parasite surveys. Helminthologia. 55(1):52-59. https://doi.org/10.1515/helm-2017-0054S5259551Rohde, K., Hayward, C., & Heap, M. (1995). Aspects of the ecology of metazoan ectoparasites of marine fishes. International Journal for Parasitology, 25(8), 945-970. doi:10.1016/0020-7519(95)00015-tAnderson, R. M., & Gordon, D. M. (1982). Processes influencing the distribution of parasite numbers within host populations with special emphasis on parasite-induced host mortalities. Parasitology, 85(2), 373-398. doi:10.1017/s0031182000055347Poiani, A. (1992). Ectoparasitism as a possible cost of social life: a comparative analysis using Australian passerines (Passeriformes). Oecologia, 92(3), 429-441. doi:10.1007/bf00317470Kleiner, A., Talwalkar, A., Sarkar, P., & Jordan, M. I. (2014). A scalable bootstrap for massive data. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology), 76(4), 795-816. doi:10.1111/rssb.12050Jovani, R., & Tella, J. L. (2006). Parasite prevalence and sample size: misconceptions and solutions. Trends in Parasitology, 22(5), 214-218. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2006.02.011BAGGE, A. M., SASAL, P., VALTONEN, E. T., & KARVONEN, A. (2005). Infracommunity level aggregation in the monogenean communities of crucian carp (Carassius carassius). Parasitology, 131(3), 367-372. doi:10.1017/s0031182005007626Belghyti, D., Berrada-rkhami, O., Boy, V., Aguesse, P., & Gabrion, C. (1994). Population biology of two helminth parasites of flatfishes from the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Journal of Fish Biology, 44(6), 1005-1021. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01272.xTAYLOR, L. R. (1961). Aggregation, Variance and the Mean. Nature, 189(4766), 732-735. doi:10.1038/189732a

Characterisation of the TBR1 interactome: variants associated with neurodevelopmental disorders disrupt novel protein interactions

TBR1 is a neuron-specific transcription factor involved in brain development and implicated in a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) combining features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID) and speech delay. TBR1 has been previously shown to interact with a small number of transcription factors and co-factors also involved in NDDs (including CASK, FOXP1/2/4 and BCL11A), suggesting that the wider TBR1 interactome may have a significant bearing on normal and abnormal brain development. Here we have identified approximately 250 putative TBR1-interaction partners by affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry. As well as known TBR1-interactors such as CASK, the identified partners include transcription factors and chromatin modifiers, along with ASD- and ID-related proteins. Five interaction candidates were independently validated using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assays. We went on to test the interaction of these candidates with TBR1 protein variants implicated in cases of NDD. The assays uncovered disturbed interactions for NDD-associated variants and identified two distinct protein-binding domains of TBR1 that have essential roles in protein–protein interaction

La importancia de la sesión grupal en la clase inversa: Trabajos colaborativos en una asignatura de Matemáticas de Grado durante el curso 2016-2017

En este trabajo se describen algunos de los trabajos realizados durante el curso 2016-2017 por los estudiantes del Grado en Ingeniería de Sistemas de Telecomunicación, Sonido e Imagen de la Universitat Politècnica de València, en las prácticas de una asignatura anual del primer año, Matemáticas 2. La utilización de la Clase Inversa en dichas prácticas ha permitido dedicar las horas presenciales a la realización de trabajos colaborativos durante la sesión presencial o grupal. Se ha utilizado la plataforma PoliformaT a través de la cual profesores y estudiantes pueden compartir información sobre sus asignaturas así como utilizar herramientas para su gestión como son tareas, exámenes o la herramienta Lessons que permite la creación de contenidos e itinerarios formativos, facilitándonos la implementación de la clase inversa en esta asignatura. Durante las prácticas nuestros estudiantes han utilizado el programa Matlab consiguiendo entre todos varios productos finales, como una colección de gráficas de curvas en coordenadas paramétricas y polares, una colección de gráficas de superficies y una representación tridimensional de la Sierra de Bernia. Durante el curso se han realizado varios posters de estos resultados conjuntos que han sido expuestos en nuestro aulario, despertando el interés de profesores y estudiantes de otras asignaturas