Kinetic Study of the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Oil-Containing Waste

Basing on the experimental data the optimal parameters of the pyrolysis of heavy and residual hydrocarbons of oil were defined as follows: temperature of 500 °С; catalyst  of CoCl2 with the catalyst loading 5% (wt.) of the substrate weight. Under the optimal conditions the kinetic investigation of the pyrolysis process was carried out using the thermogravimetric method. According to the investigation, it was found that the activation energy of the catalytic pyrolysis of oil-containing waste decreased by 20-30 kJ/mol in comparison to non-catalytic process. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 13th July 2015; Revised: 25th March 2016; Accepted: 1st April 2016How to Cite: Chalov, K., Lugovoy, Y., Kosivtsov, Y., Sulman, M., Sulman, E., Matveeva, V., Stepacheva, A. (2016). Kinetic Study of the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Oil-Containing Waste. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (3): 330-338 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.3.572.330-338)Permalink/DOI: http://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.3.572.330-33

Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Fatty Acids for Biodiesel Production

This paper is devoted to the production of second generation biodiesel via catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of fatty acids. Pd/C catalysts with different metal loading were used. The palladium catalysts were characterized using low-temperature nitrogen physisorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was revealed that the most active and selective catalyst was 1%-Pd/C which allowed reaching up 97.5% of selectivity (regarding to n-heptadecane) at 100% conversion of substrate. Moreover, the chosen catalyst is more preferable according to lower metal content that leads the decrease of the process cost. The analysis of the catalysts showed that 1%-Pd/C had the highest specific surface area compared with 5%-Pd/C. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 31st July 2015; Revised: 9th December 2015; Accepted: 30th December 2015How to Cite: Stepacheva, A.A., Sapunov, V.N., Sulman, E.M., Nikoshvili, L.Z., Sulman, M.G., Sidorov, A.I., Demidenko, G.N., Matveeva, V.G. (2016). Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Fatty Acids for Biodiesel Production. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (2): 125-132 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.538.125-132)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.538.125-132Article Metrics: (click on the button below to see citations in Scopus)

Palladium nanoparticles stabilized in block-copolymer micelles for highly selective 2-butyne-1,4-diol partial hydrogenation

Pd nanoparticles (2 nm) stabilized in the micelle core of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine) were studied in partial hydrogenation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol. Both unsupported micelles (0.6 kg Pd/m3) and supported ones on g-Al2O3 (0.042% Pd) showed nearly 100% selectivity to 2-butene-1,4-diol, with up to 94% conversion. The only side product obsd. was butane-1,4-diol. The catalysis was ascribed to the surface of Pd nanoparticles modified by pyridine units of micelles and alkali reaction medium (pH of 13.4). The TOF [turnover frequency] over unsupported and supported catalysts was 0.56 and 0.91 s-1 (at 323 K, 0.6 MPa H2 pressure, solvent 2-propanol/water = 7:3), resp. Reaction kinetics fit the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model assuming weak hydrogen adsorption. Expts. on catalyst reuse showed that Pd nanoparticles remain inside the micelle core, but the micelles desorbed by less then 5% during the catalytic run. [on SciFinder (R)

Metal oxide–zeolite composites in transformation of methanol to hydrocarbons : do iron oxide and nickel oxide matter?

The methanol-to-hydrocarbon (MTH) reaction has received considerable attention as utilizing renewable sources of both value-added chemicals and fuels becomes a number one priority for society. Here, for the first time we report the development of hierarchical zeolites (ZSM-5) containing both iron oxide and nickel oxide nanoparticles. By modifying the iron oxide (magnetite, Fe3O4) amounts, we are able to control the catalyst activity and the product distribution in the MTH process. At the medium Fe3O4 loading, the major fraction is composed of C9–C11 hydrocarbons (gasoline fraction). At the higher Fe3O4 loading, C1–C4 hydrocarbons prevail in the reaction mixture, while at the lowest magnetite loading the major component is the C5–C8 hydrocarbons. Addition of Ni species to Fe3O4–ZSM-5 leads to the formation of mixed Ni oxides (NiO/Ni2O3) positioned either on top of or next to Fe3O4 nanoparticles. This modification allowed us to significantly improve the catalyst stability due to diminishing coke formation and disordering of the coke formed. The incorporation of Ni oxide species also leads to a higher catalyst activity (up to 9.3 g(methanol)/(g(ZSM-5) × h)) and an improved selectivity (11.3% of the C5–C8 hydrocarbons and 23.6% of the C9–C11 hydrocarbons), making these zeolites highly promising for industrial applications

Promotion Effect of Alkali Metal Hydroxides on Polymer-Stabilized Pd Nanoparticles for Selective Hydrogenation of C–C Triple Bonds in Alkynols

Postimpregnation of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized within hyper-cross-linked polystyrene with sodium or potassium hydroxides of optimal concentration was found to significantly increase the catalytic activity for the partial hydrogenation of the C–C triple bond in 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol at ambient hydrogen pressure. The alkali metal hydroxide accelerates the transformation of the residual Pd(II) salt into Pd(0) NPs and diminishes the reaction induction period. In addition, the selectivity to the desired 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol increases with the K- and Na-doped catalysts from 97.0 up to 99.5%. This effect was assigned to interactions of the alkali metal ions with the Pd NPs surfaces resulting in the sites’ separation and a change of reactants adsorption

Design of biocatalysts for efficient catalytic processes

Biocatalysts based on immobilized enzymes received considerable attention due to important applications in syntheses of value-added chemicals, pharmaceuticals and drug intermediates with great catalytic efficiency and high yields of target molecules. The important advantages of such biocatalysts are enhanced stability in tolerant pH and temperature range, separation from reaction solutions, stability in repeated use, etc. In this review, we discuss recent findings in biocatalyst design, in particular, types of promising supports, the biocatalyst surface modification, and incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles for facilitated magnetic recovery. Furthermore, we highlight the development of multienzyme and enzyme/nanoparticle catalysts for cascade reactions, which are carried out in a one-pot process and allow elimination of isolation and purification of intermediates

Lignin-containing feedstock hydrogenolysis for biofuel component production

In this paper, the commercial 5%Pd/C and 5%Pt/C catalysts and synthesized 5%Pt/MN-270 and 5%Pd/MN-270 were used in the hydrogenolysis of lignocellulosic material (softwood sawdust) to obtain liquid fuels in the form of hydrocarbons. As lignin has a very complex structure, anisole was used as a model compound. It was found that the use Pt-containing catalysts based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene in both processes of anisole and lignin-containing feedstock conversion allowed obtaining the highest yield of oxygen-free hydrocarbons (up to 96 wt. %). Besides, the polymer based catalysts showed high stability in hydrogenolysis process in comparison with the commercial carbon based catalysts

Kinetic Study of the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Oil-Containing Waste

Basing on the experimental data the optimal parameters of the pyrolysis of heavy and residual hydrocarbons of oil were defined as follows: temperature of 500 °С; catalyst  of CoCl2 with the catalyst loading 5% (wt.) of the substrate weight. Under the optimal conditions the kinetic investigation of the pyrolysis process was carried out using the thermogravimetric method. According to the investigation, it was found that the activation energy of the catalytic pyrolysis of oil-containing waste decreased by 20-30 kJ/mol in comparison to non-catalytic process. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved Received: 13th July 2015; Revised: 25th March 2016; Accepted: 1st April 2016 How to Cite: Chalov, K., Lugovoy, Y., Kosivtsov, Y., Sulman, M., Sulman, E., Matveeva, V., Stepacheva, A. (2016). Kinetic Study of the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Oil-Containing Waste. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (3): 330-338 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.3.572.330-338) Permalink/DOI: http://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.3.572.330-33