Effects of family therapy for substance abuse: A systematic review of recent research

One of the most serious psychosocial problems worldwide is substance abuse because of its repercussions not only on the physical and psychological health of the abuser but also on their relational functioning. Among the well-established therapeutic approaches for the treatment of substance abuse is family therapy, which, in addition to influencing personal variables, promotes changes in family dynamics. The main objective of this study is to review the scientific literature published from 2010 to the present on the efficacy and effectiveness shown by family-based treatment approaches for substance use problems both in adolescent and adult samples. In addition, the effect on secondary variables such as family functioning and behavioral problems is evaluated. The empirical evidence accumulated in the last decade and reviewed in the present study indicates that the incorporation of family members in the treatment of substance abuse produces benefits by diminishing consumption and improving family functioning. Limitations of this study and of the research reviewed are discussed and directions for future research are provided

Biomass equations for rockrose (Cistus laurifolius L.) shrublands in North-central Spain

Aims of the study: To construct biomass weight equations for rockrose (Cistus laurifolius L.) shrublands in North-central Spain comparing different methodologies and evaluating the applicability of the current Spanish open PNOA-LiDAR data. Area of study: The growing extension of Mediterranean shrublands associated with a high wildfire risk in a climate change scenario is considered a relevant source of biomass for energy use and bioproducts. Quantifying the biomass load of the shrublands provides essential information for adequate management, calling for the development of equations to estimate said biomass loads in the most extensive monospecific shrublands. Materials and methods: Biomass dry weight from 290 destructive sampling plots (ø4m) and 426 individual plants along with LiDAR data from PNOA were related to dasometric parameters to fit weight per surface and weight per plant equations. Main results: Three new equations improve rockrose biomass estimations in North-central Spain: a) Weight per unit area (tDM.ha-1) equation (Eq. 1) based on apparent biovolume (product of crown cover in percentage by average height in meters) (Radj2 0.69, MAE 26.1%, RMSE 38.4%); b) Weight per plant (kgDM.plant-1) equation (Eq. 2) from height and crown diameter (Radj2 0.87, MAE 26.5%, RMSE 45.2%) and c) Weight per unit area equation (tDM.ha-1) (Eq. 3) based on LiDAR data contrasted with field data (Radj2 0.89, MAE 15.1%, RMSE 22.9%). Research highlights: Eq. 1 and Eq. 3 combined with high resolution LiDAR information offer rockrose (Cistus laurifolius L.) biomass estimations without added field work costs that are an improvement on certain more general studies carried out in other areas of Spain. Keywords: Shrub; wildfire prevention; forest energy; LiDAR; weight biomass equations

Inclusión socioeducativa en niños con parálisis cerebral considerando discapacidad Intelectual y física

This research is carried out with the purpose of demonstrating the development of educational inclusion of children with cerebral palsy since the inclusive environment must enhance the student's abilities to promote access to information. In this context, a roadmap of socio-educational inclusion practices in children with cerebral palsy is proposed considering intellectual and physical disability. Descriptive research is developed, scientific articles are evaluated with a global, regional and national focus; Additionally, a bibliometric analysis will be carried out through VosViewer to identify the countries with the greatest scientific contribution in the field of multiple disabilities, the universities that present research and the most relevant researchers in relation to the number of citations. The verification database will come from Web of Science and Scopus, the results obtained will be evaluated through the analytical-synthetic method that will allow contrasting the objectives set with the results found in the investigation. La presente investigación se ejecuta con la finalidad de evidenciar el desarrollo de la inclusión educativa de niños con parálisis cerebral, ya que el entorno incluyente debe potenciar las capacidades del estu- diante para propiciar el acceso a la información. En este contexto se propone un mapa de ruta de prác- ticas de inclusión socioeducativa en niños con parálisis cerebral considerando discapacidad intelectual y física. Se desarrolla una investigación descriptiva, se evalúa artículos científicos con un enfoque mun- dial, regional y nacional; adicionalmente se realizará un análisis bibliométrico a través de VosViewer para identificar los países como mayor aporte científico en el campo de la discapacidad múltiple, las universidades que presentan dichas investigaciones y los investigadores más relevantes en relación a la cantidad de citas. La base de datos evaluada provendrá de Web of Science y Scopus, se evaluará los resultados obtenidos a través del método analítico-sintético que permitirá contrastar los objetivos plan- teados con los resultados que se halló en la investigación. Por último, el trabajo considera el análisis bibliométrico, el cual se evidencia en los artículos, que respalda unos resultados funcionales y sustentables, promulgan- do el impacto científico en la educación

The Arabidopsis Synaptotagmin1 is enriched in endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites and confers cellular resistance to mechanical stresses

Eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) contact sites are evolutionarily conserved microdomains that have important roles in specialized metabolic functions such as ER-PM communication, lipid homeostasis, and Ca2+ influx. Despite recent advances in knowledge about ER-PM contact site components and functions in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and mammals, relatively little is known about the functional significance of these structures in plants. In this report, we characterize the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) phospholipid binding Synaptotagmin1 (SYT1) as a plant ortholog of the mammal extended synaptotagmins and yeast tricalbins families of ER-PM anchors. We propose that SYT1 functions at ER-PM contact sites because it displays a dual ER-PM localization, it is enriched in microtubule-depleted regions at the cell cortex, and it colocalizes with Vesicle-Associated Protein27-1, a known ER-PM marker. Furthermore, biochemical and physiological analyses indicate that SYT1 might function as an electrostatic phospholipid anchor conferring mechanical stability in plant cells. Together, the subcellular localization and functional characterization of SYT1 highlights a putative role of plant ER-PM contact site components in the cellular adaptation to environmental stresses

Childhood sexual abuse, sexual behavior, and revictimization in adolescence and youth: a mini review

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is considered as an activity aimed at providing sexual pleasure, stimulation, or sexual gratification to an adult who uses a minor for this purpose, taking advantage of the situation of superiority. CSA can have devastating consequences for the child. Previous studies have concluded that those who suffer an episode of CSA perform more risky sexual behaviors and are more likely to experience further episodes of sexual victimization during adolescence and early youth. There are two theoretical contributions that, although they offer partial views, can help to understand the association between CSA, sexual behavior, and revictimization in adulthood: the traumagenic dynamics model and the information-motivation-behavioral skills model. This short review provides an overview of the problems and theoretical explanations that have been presented up to the present, underlining the importance of prevention and sex education as of childhood, as well as the need to continue investigating in order to develop specific theoretical models that help to understand and prevent CSA and its consequences

Estrategia de Customer Relationship Management para Cooperativa de Ahorro y Credito Oriencoop.

76 p.Esta investigación realizada para Oriencoop se centra en la microsegmentación de los socios microempresarios de esta cooperativa con objeto de evaluar la posible implementación de una estrategia de marketing relacional a través de un Contact Center. Para iniciar este proyecto desarrollamos un marco teórico que nos permite contextualizar la actual problemática de Oriencoop, es decir, como crear una relación más cercana a sus clientes. En pos de este objetivo se definieron módulos de entrega los cuales nos llevan paso a paso al logro de los objetivos. Esta metodología de trabajo consistió en definir primero qué es un Contact Center y su importancia como medio de Marketing Relacional, luego realizar una clara definición organizacional para a posteriori realizar una segmentación de sus usuarios considerando los niveles de uso y acceso tecnológico. Luego de realizadas estas etapas se analiza las soluciones potenciales para cada segmento en conjunto con los aspectos legales en los cuales se enmarcan estas soluciones. Esta metodología de trabajo permite re-encauzar los esfuerzos en marketing con objeto de distribuir los gastos en esta área de acuerdo a las preferencias y uso de canales de comunicación tecnológicas y la aplicación de una estrategia de marketing relacional con los socios de la cooperativa. En resumen, el estudio que se presenta a continuación entrega sorprendentes resultados tanto en la distribución de ingresos por segmento, valor de aporte por socio de la cooperativa, estrategia de marketing relacional a seguir, entre otras; las cuales servirán como base para re-plantear la estrategia comercial y políticas de marketing de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Oriencoop

pdAGMO para configuración inicial de sensores en procesos industriales

En este trabajo se presenta una implementación paralelo-distribuida de un algoritmo genético multiobjetivo (pdAGMO), desarrollado para efectuar la selección de la configuración inicial de sensores en el diseño de instrumentación de plantas de procesos. El pdAGMO fue diseñado empleando el modelo evolutivo de islas y el paradigma masterworker, mientras que para su implementación se empleó la librería de pasaje de mensajes PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine). El desempeño del pdAGMO fue evaluado a través de su aplicación a un caso de estudio industrial correspondiente a una planta de producción de amoníaco. Los resultados alcanzados son muy satisfactorios en términos de speed-up, eficiencia y calidad del diseño de instrumentación.Fil: Asteasuain, Fernando. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación. Instituto de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Carballido, Jessica Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación. Instituto de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Gustavo Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación. Instituto de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Ponzoni, Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación. Instituto de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Brignole, Nélida Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación. Instituto de Ciencias e Ingeniería de la Computación; Argentin

Programa para Modificar Alteraciones de la Imagen Corporal en Estudiantes de Bachillerato

Eating disorders are associated with several health problems, so it is important to prevent its occurrence. This study evaluated the impact of a selective prevention program designed to modify body image disturbances. Sample included 15 women from 15 to 18 years old, recruited through advertisements placed in a public high school situated in north zone of Mexico City. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: cognitive-behavioral (n = 8) and wait list control group (n = 7) and completed three measures (Body Shape Questionnaire, Contour Drawing Rating Scale, and Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire) before and after the intervention, which included 7 sessions (two per week) for 2 hours each. The repeated measures ANOVA indicated a reduction in body dissatisfaction and avoidance of social activities. The results provide evidence for the use of cognitive behavioral prevention programs

Incidence, prevalence, and clinical course of hepatitis C following liver transplantation

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the agent responsible for posttransfusion hepatitis. The incidence, timing, and clinical course of HCV positive hepatitis in liver transplant recipients are unknown. Three hundred and seventeen donor-recipient liver transplant pairs were grouped on the basis of their pretransplant HCV antibody status. The biopsy findings were examined. Four distinct groups were identified on the basis of HCV serology: group I, both were negative; group II, donor was negative and recipient was positive; group III, donor was positive and recipient was negative; group IV, both were positive. The prevalence of anti-HCV positivity in recipients was 13.6%. The rate of seroconversion was 9.2%. Histologic hepatitis not ascribable to any specific cause other than non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis occurred in 13.8%. The incidence of histologic chronic active hepatitis was 1.6%, and none progressed to cirrhosis. The concordance rate for a positive anti-HCV serology and NANB hepatitis was 2.8%. Of the 35 patients (group II and IV) with positive anti-HCV serology pretransplant, only 17 were positive posttransplantation. Based on these data it can be concluded that posttransplant NANB hepatitis occurred in 13.8% of liver recipients. Twenty percent of these were anti-HCV positive. Progression to histologic chronic active hepatitis occurs over a period of 1-5 years in 1.6% of cases. © 1992