49 research outputs found
ANÁLISIS ESPACIAL DE TRIPS Y Uromyces transversalis EN EL CULTIVO DEL GLADIOLO EN LA REGIÓN DE VILLA GUERRERO, TENANCINGO Y OCUILAN DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO
El Estado de México es el principal productor y exportador de flores de corte a nivel nacional, una de las principales flores que se producen es el gladiolo. Dentro de la problemática fitosanitaria a la que se enfrenta el cultivo del gladiolo, se encuentran los trips (Frankliniella occidentalis), mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci), pulgón (Myzus persicae), roya del gladiolo (Uromyces transversalis) y secamiento (Fusarium oxysporum) las cuales demandan una gran cantidad de insumos de origen químico para su control, originando un incremento en los costos de producción y contaminación del medio ambiente. El conocimiento de la distribución espacial de una población es importante para establecer estrategias de manejo y control dirigidas a sitios específicos del cultivo. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo determinar la distribución espacial de trips y Uromyces transversalis (Thumen) G. winter en el cultivo de gladiolo en las regiones de Villa Guerrero, Tenancingo y Ocuilan del Estado de México mediante el uso de la geoestadistica y la obtención de mapas basándose en la técnica de estimación conocida como krigeado. Se consideraron dos parcelas de 1 ha por región en los ciclos de producción Primavera-verano y Verano-otoño, del año 2013. El muestreo se realizó por el método de transecto, utilizando 157 trampas por parcela. Los resultados indicaron que en las dos fechas de muestreo, los Trips y roya presentaron una distribución espacial de tipo agregada en todos los muestreos realizados, ajustándose a los modelos Esférico y Gaussiano principalmente, y en menor cantidad al Exponencial. Los mapas mostraron la agregación obtenida en los modelos. La distribución espacial obtenida permite dirigir las medidas de control a sitios específicos de la infestación.SEP PRODEP DSA/103.5/15/1211
Ulcera lingual como signo único de infección recurrente por micobacteria en un paciente con VIH/SIDA
Se describe un paciente con VIH/SIDA en el que se identificó
una infección por micobacteria en la mucosa bucal, probablemente
tuberculosis, en un centro de referencia para VIH/SIDA
de la Ciudad de México. El propósito del presente informe es
describir los hallazgos clínicos e histológicos en un paciente con
VIH/SIDA, quien después de haber sido tratado exitosamente
para tuberculosis ganglionar 4 años antes, presentó una úlcera
lingual como único signo que sugirió recurrencia de infección
por micobacteria, probablemente tuberculosis. Hombre de 39
años de edad, atendido desde 1991 en el Instituto Nacional de
Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición 'Salvador Zubirán', por el diagnóstico
de infección con VIH. En 1999, el paciente presentó
tuberculosis ganglionar, recibiendo tratamiento antifímico con
involución de las adenopatías y desaparición de los síntomas
sistémicos. En mayo del 2003 acudió a consulta por presentar
una úlcera superficial en lengua, dolorosa, de 4 meses de evolución,
de 0.7 cm. de diámetro, bien circunscrita, crateriforme, con
bordes ligeramente elevados, irregulares e indurados. El estudio
histopatológico mostró inflamación granulomatosa crónica con
células gigantes multinucleadas sugestivas de infección por mi-cobacteria, lo cual hizo pensar en recurrencia de tuberculosis,
por lo que se indicó rifampicina, pirazinamida, etambutol y
estreptomicina. En junio del 2003 el paciente inició TARAA, que
incluyó dos ITRAN y un ITRNN. La lesión lingual evolucionó
favorablemente, con cicatrización parcial a la primera semana y
remisión total a los 45 días del inicio del tratamiento antifímico;
a los 7 meses de seguimiento permanece sin lesión.
El presente caso tiene la particularidad de que la úlcera lingual
fue la única manifestación de infección por micobacteria, sugestiva
de tuberculosis, en un paciente con VIH/SIDA, que pudo
ocurrir como resultado de la recurrencia del episodio previo de
TB ganglionar.The report describes an HIV/AIDS patient seen at a referral
center in Mexico City, in whom a mycobacterial infection in
the oral mucosa, probably tuberculosis (TB) was identified. The
purpose is to describe the clinical and histological findings in an
HIV-infected patient, who after being treated successfully for
tuberculous lymphangitis 4 years ago, presented with a lingual
ulcer as the only suggestive sign of recurrence of mycobacterial
infection, probably M. tuberculosis. A 39-year-old man seen
inthe HIV clinic of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas
y Nutrición 'Salvador Zubirán' in Mexico City since 1991
for HIV infection. In 1999 the patient developed tuberculous
lymphangitis; he was managed with a 4-drug regimen for 12
months, with improvement of local and systemic symptoms. In
May of 2003, the patient presented a painful superficial lingual
ulcer, 0.7 cm in diameter, well circumscribed, crateriform with
slightly elevated, irregular and indurated borders, of 4 months
duration. The histopathological examination showed chronic
granulomatous inflammation with giant multinucleated cells,
suggestive of mycobacterial infection, and recurrence of TB was
considered. Rifampin, isoniazide, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and streptomycin were administered. The lingual lesion improved
with partial healing at the first week and total remission at 45
days after the beginning of the antituberculous treatment. In
June, 2003, the patient began highly active antiretroviral therapy
(HAART) that included two NRTIs and one NNRTI. At 7
months of follow-up, the patient remains free of lingual lesions.
The particularity of the present case is that the lingual ulcer was
the only sign of infection by mycobacteria, suggestive of TB,
in an HIV/AIDS patient that probably represented a recurrence
of a previous episode
Similarities between the lipid proile of Mexican patients with lupus and the general population
Premature cardiovascular events have been observed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but the reason for this accelerated process is still debatable; although traditional risk factors are more prevalent in such patients than in the general population, the
do not seem to fully explain that enhanced risk. One of the most important conditions is a proatherogenic
lipid proile. There is not enough data about it in Mexican SLE patients. Objective: To establish the differences in the lipid proiles between Mexican patients with SLE and the general population. Material and methods: Observational, transversal, descriptive and comparative study, between SLE patients and age-sex-matched healthy volunteers. We performed a full lipid proile (by spectrophotometry) 14 hours of fast. The results obtained were analyzed by the statistical program
SPSS® Statistics version 17. Results: We studied the full lipid proiles of 138 subjects, 69 with a diagnosis of SLE and 69 agesex- matched healthy volunteers; 95.7% were females and 4.3% males. Average age was 30 years;
average body mass index (BMI) 25.96 ± 5.96 kg/m² in SLE patients and 26.72 ± 4.36 kg/m² in the control group (p = 0.396). Average of total cholesterol 156 mg/dl in the SLE patients and 169.4 mg/dl in the control group (p =0.028); average of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 85.27 mg/dl in the SLE patients and 97.57 mg/dl in the control group (p = 0.023). Conclusions: We did not ind statistical differences in the lipid proiles among patients and healthy volunteers, which could explain increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality observed
in SLE patient
Pimecrolimus in dermatology: atopic dermatitis and beyond
Pimecrolimus is a calcineurin inhibitor developed for the topical therapy of inflammatory skin diseases, particularly atopic dermatitis (AD). Pimecrolimus selectively targets T cells and mast cells. Pimecrolimus inhibits T-cell proliferation, as well as production and release of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α. Moreover, pimecrolimus inhibits mast cell degranulation. In contrast to tacrolimus, pimecrolimus has no effects on the differentiation, maturation and functions of dendritic cells. In contrast to corticosteroids, pimecrolimus does not affect endothelial cells and fibroblasts and does not induce skin atrophy. Given the low capacity of pimecrolimus to permeate through the skin, it has a very low risk of systemic exposure and subsequent systemic side-effects. In different randomised controlled trials, topical pimecrolimus as cream 1% (Elidel ® ) has been shown to be effective, well tolerated and safe in both adults and children with mild to moderate AD. In addition, pimecrolimus has been successfully used in inflammatory skin diseases other than AD, including seborrheic dermatitis, intertriginous psoriasis, lichen planus and cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73190/1/j.1368-5031.2005.00587.x.pd
The carcinogenic potential of tacrolimus ointment beyond immune suppression: a hypothesis creating case report
BACKGROUND: Since tacrolimus ointment was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a promising treatment for atopic dermatitis, it has been approved in more than 30 additional countries, including numerous European Union member nations. Moreover, in the current clinical routine the use of this drug is no longer restricted to the approved indication, but has been extended to a wide variety of inflammatory skin diseases including some with the potential of malignant transformation. So far, the side-effects reported from the topical use of tacrolimus have been relatively minor (e.g. burning, pruritus, erythema). Recently, however, the FDA reviewed the safety of topical tacrolimus, which resulted in a warning that the use of calcineurin inhibitors may be associated with an increased risk of cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: Oral lichen planus (OLP) was diagnosed in a 56-year-old women in February 1999. After several ineffective local and systemic therapeutic measures an off-label treatment of this recalcitrant condition using Tacrolimus 0.1% ointment was initiated in May 2002. After a few weeks of treatment most of the lesions ameliorated, with the exception of the plaques on the sides of the tongue. Nevertheless, the patient became free of symptoms which, however, reoccurred once tacrolimus was weaned, as a consequence treatment was maintained. In April 2005, the plaques on the left side of the tongue appeared increasingly compact and a biopsy specimen confirmed the suspected diagnosis of an oral squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSION: The suspected causal relationship between topical use of tacrolimus and the development of a squamous cell carcinoma prompted us to test the notion that the carcinogenicity of tacrolimus may go beyond mere immune suppression. To this end, tacrolimus has been shown to have an impact on cancer signalling pathways such as the MAPK and the p53 pathway. In the given case, we were able to demonstrate that these pathways had also been altered subsequent to tacrolimus therapy
Mis casos clínicos de especialidades odontológicas
Libro que muestra la atención de casos clínicos particulares referente a las diferentes especialidades odontológicasLibro que muestra la atención de casos clínicos particulares referente a las diferentes especialidades odontológicasUniversidad Autónoma de Campeche
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Méxic
Experiencia en el manejo del paciente con VIH entre médicos de la Secretaría de Salud Experience in HIV patient care among physicians of the National Health Ministry
OBJETIVO: Conocer la experiencia que los médicos de la Secretaría de Salud (SSA) han obtenido en el manejo del sujeto infectado por el VIH y en el uso de antirretrovirales. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal, con el apoyo del Consejo Nacional para la Prevención y el Control del SIDA (CONASIDA), en marzo-mayo de 1998. Se proporcionaron cuestionarios autoaplicables a médicos de la SSA con experiencia en el manejo clínico del paciente con VIH, al inicio de cinco simposios sobre VIH/SIDA, realizados en diversas ciudades del país. El análisis estadístico incluyó la prueba ji². RESULTADOS: Se recolectaron 181 encuestas. La mediana de pacientes con VIH atendidos fue de cuatro (intervalo 1-97). De los médicos encuestados, 36.5% manifestó administrar antirretrovirales (35.4% prescribía los análogos de los nucleósidos, y 9.9%, los inhibidores de proteasa). Los fármacos más usados fueron AZT y ddI (40.3%). Expresó 17.7% de los médicos haber utilizado la cuenta de linfocitos T CD4+, y 8.8% la carga viral como indicadores pronósticos y de respuesta a la farmacoterapia. CONCLUSIONES: Se observó una baja proporción de médicos de la SSA con experiencia en el manejo del paciente con VIH y en el uso de los antirretrovirales. Se deben enfocar esfuerzos para mejorar la atención de los pacientes VIH positivos mediante la capacitación del personal médico.OBJETIVE: To determine the experience of the National Health Ministry Physicians in the management of HIV infecetd patients and in the use of antiretrovirals. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A descriptive, observational and transversal study was performed, with support from the National AIDS Council from March to May 1998. Self-applicable questionnaires were filled by National Health Ministry physicians with experience in HIV patient clinical care, at the beginning of 5 different meetings on HIV/AIDS in several cities of the country. Statistical analysis included the chi² test. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty one questionnaires were applied. The median of HIV patients attended by physicians was 4 (interval 1-97); 36.5% of the physicians had used antiretrovirals (35.4% prescribed nucleoside analogs and 9.9% protease inhibitors). The most frequently used drugs were AZT and/or ddl (40.3%); 17.7% had administered CD4+ lymphocyte count and 8.8% viral load. CONCLUSIONS: . The proportion of National Health Ministry physicians with experience in VIH patient care was low, as was the use of antiretrovirals. Efforts should be focus on improving care of HIV patients through physician training
Interaction microenvironment - Pantoea agglomerans limits maize yield
Pantoea agglomerans has been reported as the cause of chlorotic streaks on maize leaves in the Central High Valleys of México (CVHM), but there are no current data of how the infection of this new pathogen in Mexico affects production and yield of the crop. To understand the development of the disease in the crop, two experiments with a split-plot design and three replications were established during spring-summer 2010 in different microenvironments: Ayapango and Temamatla. Three cultivars of maize (a tri-linear HS2 hybrid, the single-cross hybrid Triunfo and the native Cacahuacintle) were evaluated with three P. agglomerans isolates. In the three maize cultivars, chlorotic streaks appeared on new leaves; at the ripening stage, the symptoms were less perceptible. The average incidence of plants with chlorotic streaks was higher in the town of Temamatla than in Ayapango, and in both microenvironments, the average degree of severity was less than 40%. Isolate A was the most virulent (P < 0.0001) on the three cultivars evaluated. These results will provide the basis for effective management of the disease under environmental conditions similar to those evaluated in this research