Local contraceptive practice in Sub-Saharan Africa

Although modern contraceptive options are becoming more widely available, even in the developing world, women still use traditional contraceptive methods. Other reports of the use of non-medical devices for contraception and abortion are available. With this report, we discuss a patient seeking treatment for the removal of a traditional contraceptive intrauterine device

Local contraceptive practice in Sub-Saharan Africa

Although modern contraceptive options are becoming more widely available, even in the developing world, women still use traditional contraceptive methods. Other reports of the use of non-medical devices for contraception and abortion are available. With this report, we discuss a patient seeking treatment for the removal of a traditional contraceptive intrauterine device

Bank efficiency and non-performing loans: Evidence from Turkey

This study analyses technical and allocative efficiencies in Turkish banks from December 2002 to December 2017, under the assumption of constant returns to scale. We apply a modified version of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach introduced by Aparico et al. (2015), which employs a directional distance model to provide estimates of efficiency, with a focus on Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) as an undesirable output. In addition, we examine the determinants of efficiency by applying quantile regressions to panel data. The results obtained support the thesis that NPLs exert a negative impact in terms of technical efficiency, which confirms the “bad management” hypothesis in the banking sector. We also find that the level of efficiency of Turkish banks differs, depending on the ownership structure in place

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Tumor budding for predicting prognosis of resected rectum cancer after neoadjuvant treatment

Abstract Background Rectum cancer is a type of colorectal cancer. Its etiology and etiopathogenesis are similar to other colon diseases. We aimed to evaluate the tumor budding for predicting prognosis of resected rectum cancer patients. Methods We retrospectively collected the data of 75 operated rectum adenocarcinoma patients who were treated neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy between 2013 and 2018 in Umraniye Research and Training Hospital and Acıbadem University Medical Oncology Outpatient Clinic. Tumor budding was investigated as a prognostic factor for disease-free survival. Results This study included 75 rectum cancer patients and 51 were male (68%). Median age was 56 (range 19 to 77 years). There were 29 (39%) and 46 (61%) patients in tumor budding low-intermediate and high groups respectively. In multivariate analysis, tumor budding was found to be an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival (p = 0.00). Conclusions According to our study, having high tumor budding suggests a high likelihood of relapse. Therefore, we might need additional follow-up protocol in these patients

Bruksizmli bireylerin ağrılı masseter kaslarının farklı fonksiyonlardaki aktivitelerinin elektromyografi (emg) ile değerlendirilmesi

<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> In the present work we aimed to investigate how Bruxism caused masseter muscle pains when patients chewed hard substances such as hazelnut and how this pain affected their</p> <p>maximum clenching functions by using electromyografic (EMG) techniques.</p> <p><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Two groups of individuals, with and without Bruxism, were investigated. All the individuals were allowed to use their right side of jaw . Pain in masseter muscles of the Bruxism patients was measured according to visual analog scala (VAS). The groups were instructed to perform two types of functions, chewing a hazelnut, 3 gr, and clenching for 15 s. While these exercises performed, activities occured in the right masseter muscles were determined by superior electromyography (EMG).</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Our results indicated that both right and left masseter muscles of patients with Bruksizm showed much lessened clenching and hazelnut chewing activities than those of the control groups. The difference in the muscular activity was found to be statistically significant.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Further work however appears to be necessary to substantiate that the pain per se impairs the chewing functions of Bruxism patients.</p> <p> </p> <p>ÖZET</p> <p>Amaç: Bruksizmli olguların masseter kaslarındaki ağrının, fındık  iğneme ve maksimal sıkma fonksiyonlarında kas aktivitelerini nasıl etkilediğini elektromyografik (EMG) teknikle araştırmayı amaçladık.</p> <p><strong>Materyal ve Yöntem:</strong> Araştırmamıza bruksizmli ve normal bireyler dahil edildi. Denek gruplarımızın hepsinin çiğneme sırasında aynı tarafı (sağ) kullanmasına dikkat edildi. Bruksizimli olguların sağ masseter kaslarındaki ağrı VAS (visual analog skala) ile belirlendi. Daha sonra bireylere yapacağı fonksiyonlar (3 gr fındık çiğneme ve 15 sn maksimal sıkma) anlatıldı. Bu fonksiyonlar esnasında bireylerin sağ masseter kaslarında oluşan aktiviteler yüzeyel elektromyografi (EMG) ile belirlendi.</p> <p><strong>Bulgular:</strong> Sonuç olarak bruksizmli olgularda gerek fındık çiğneme gerekse de maksimal sıkma fonksiyonlarında sağ ve sol masseter kaslarında normal bireylere göre daha düşük aktivite tespit edildi ve bu fark istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulundu.</p> <p><strong>Sonuç:</strong> Çalışmamızda bruksizmli olgularda, gerek çiğneme gerekse de gönüllü maksimal sıkma fonksiyonlarında, masseter kaslarında normal bireylere göre daha az aktivite gözlememizi, bu bireylerde mevcut kassal ağrının motor nöronların ateşlenme oranlarında ve hızlarında azalmaya neden olmasına bağlayabiliriz. Bruksizmli bireylerde ağrı olgusunun çiğneme kaslarının aktivitelerinde meydana getirdiği değişiklikleri daha iyi anlamamız için daha kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılması gerektiğini ifade edebiliriz.</p> <p><strong>Anahtar Kelimeler:</strong> Bruksizm, masseter kası, elektromyografi</p&gt

Konflikt oder Konzilianz zwischen Generationen? Jugendliche und ‚ihr‘ Klimawandel

Ertugrul B, Isenberg Lima P. Konflikt oder Konzilianz zwischen Generationen? Jugendliche und ‚ihr‘ Klimawandel. In: Dahmen S, Demir Z, Ertugrul B, Kloss D, Ritter B, eds. Politisierung von Jugend. Jugendforschung. Weinheim: Beltz Juventa; 2024: 111-127

Politisierung von Jugend

Dahmen S, Demir Z, Ertugrul B, Kloss D, Ritter B, eds. Politisierung von Jugend . 1st ed. Weinheim: Beltz Juventa; 2024