Fracturing artefacts into 3D printable puzzles to enhance audience engagement with heritage collections

Three-dimensional (3D) puzzles of heritage artefacts are typically used to engage audiences in the interpretation of archaeological objects in a museum gallery. The reason for this is that a puzzle can be seen as an enjoyable educational activity in the form of a game but also as a complex activity that archaeologists undertake when re-assembling fragments, for instance, of broken pottery. Until now the creation of this type of experiences is mostly a manual process and the artefacts used rarely reflect those in the collection due to the complex nature of the process. The contribution of this article is a novel digital worfklow for the design and fabrication of 3D puzzles that overcomes these limitations. The input to the workflow is an authentic artefact from a heritage collection, which is then digitised using technologies such as 3D scanning and 3D modelling. Thereafter, a puzzle generator system produces the puzzle pieces using a cell fracture algorithm and generates a set of puzzle pieces (female) and a single core piece (male) for fabrication. Finally, the pieces are fabricated using 3D printing technology and post-processed to facilitate the puzzle assembly. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed novel workflow, we deployed it to create a puzzle activity of the Saltdean urn, which is exhibited at the Archaeology Gallery of the Brighton Museum and Art Gallery. The workflow is also used with further artefacts to demonstrate its applicability to other shapes. The significance of this research is that it eases the task of creating puzzle-like activities and maintaining them in the long term within a busy public space such as a museum gallery

Epidemiologic and clinical updates on impulse control disorders: a critical review

The article reviews the current knowledge about the impulse control disorders (ICDs) with specific emphasis on epidemiological and pharmacological advances. In addition to the traditional ICDs present in the DSM-IV—pathological gambling, trichotillomania, kleptomania, pyromania and intermittent explosive disorder—a brief description of the new proposed ICDs—compulsive–impulsive (C–I) Internet usage disorder, C–I sexual behaviors, C–I skin picking and C–I shopping—is provided. Specifically, the article summarizes the phenomenology, epidemiology and comorbidity of the ICDs. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between ICDs and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Finally, current pharmacological options for treating ICDs are presented and discussed

Conflict and Culture Change in the Late Prehistoric and Early Historic American Midcontinent

412 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005.Beginning in the early 1600s, populations were destabilized by the indirect effects of European contact. With new incentives and new weapons (i.e., firearms), old enemies took advantage of weaknesses brought on by disease and famine to wage wars of annihilation. Algonquian and Iroquoian tribes pushed westward, driving other tribes ahead of them or exterminating them completely. For the Oneota, large territories were abandoned for more defensive strategies, including new alliances with former enemies and amalgamation into multi-ethnic refugee settlements.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Conflict and Culture Change in the Late Prehistoric and Early Historic American Midcontinent

412 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2005.Beginning in the early 1600s, populations were destabilized by the indirect effects of European contact. With new incentives and new weapons (i.e., firearms), old enemies took advantage of weaknesses brought on by disease and famine to wage wars of annihilation. Algonquian and Iroquoian tribes pushed westward, driving other tribes ahead of them or exterminating them completely. For the Oneota, large territories were abandoned for more defensive strategies, including new alliances with former enemies and amalgamation into multi-ethnic refugee settlements.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Comparing simple respiration models for eddy flux and dynamic chamber data

Selection of an appropriate model for respiration (R) is important for accurate gap-filling of CO2 flux data, and for partitioning measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) to respiration and gross ecosystem exchange (GEE). Using cross-validation methods and a version of Akaike\u27s Information Criterion (AIC), we evaluate a wide range of simple respiration models with the objective of quantifying the implications of selecting a particular model. We fit the models to eddy covariance measurements of whole-ecosystem respiration (Reco) from three different ecosystem types (a coniferous forest, a deciduous forest, and a grassland), as well as soil respiration data from one of these sites. The well-known Q10 model, whether driven by air or soil temperature, performed poorly compared to other models, as did the Lloyd and Taylor model when used with two of the parameters constrained to previously published values and only the scale parameter being fit. The continued use of these models is discouraged. However, a variant of the Q10 model, in which the temperature sensitivity of respiration varied seasonally, performed reasonably well, as did the unconstrained three-parameter Lloyd and Taylor model. Highly parameterized neural network models, using additional covariates, generally provided the best fits to the data, but appeared not to perform well when making predictions outside the domain used for parameterization, and should thus be avoided when large gaps must be filled. For each data set, the annual sum of modeled respiration (annual ΣR) was positively correlated with model goodness-of-fit, implying that poor model selection may inject a systematic bias into gap-filled estimates of annual ΣR