2,812 research outputs found
Vers une révolution bureaucratique ?
PrĂ©curseur et emblĂšme de la dĂ©rive nĂ©o-libĂ©rale de la social-dĂ©mocratie europĂ©enne pour une large partie de la gauche française, Tony Blair fait dĂ©sormais partie des figures de rĂ©fĂ©rence de la majoritĂ© sarkozyste. Mais connaĂźt-on vraiment le blairisme ? Le bilan des rĂ©formes conduites au cours des dix derniĂšres annĂ©es en Grande-Bretagne que propose Patrick Le GalĂšs, sociologue et politiste, permet de mieux en comprendre la nature et les effets. Il invite Ă sâinterroger, par un jeu dâaller-retour transmanche, sur les transformations de la droite française et sur ce quâelles annoncent pour lâĂtat et la sociĂ©tĂ©
Toward multimodality oral cancer diagnosis in the XXI century: Blending cutting edge imaging and genomic/proteomic definition of suspicious lesions
If emergent genomic and proteomic approaches to early oral cancer detection are to be successful, a means of reliably and comprehensively identifying
high-risk tissue sampling sites constitutes an essential step in the oral cancer screening process. Recent studies have determined that in vivo Optical
Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a quick and user-friendly tool for detecting and mapping oral lesions, and that it can enhance diagnostic accuracy when
using high resolution diagnostic techniques such as in vivo microscopy. Therefore OCT can potentially provide a means of improving the clinical
usefulness of novel diagnostic approaches such as proteomics by identifying sites that need to be sampled
Optical Diagnostics in the Oral Cavity: An Overview
As the emphasis shifts from damage mitigation to disease prevention or reversal of early disease in the oral cavity, the need for sensitive and accurate detection and diagnostic tools become more important. Many novel and emergent optical diagnostic modalities for the oral cavity are becoming available to clinicians with a variety of desirable attributes including: (i) non-invasiveness, (ii) absence of ionizing radiation, (iii) patient-friendliness, (iv) real-time information (v) repeatability, and (vi) high-resolution surface and subsurface images. In this article, the principles behind optical diagnostic approaches, their feasibility and applicability for imaging soft and hard tissues, and their potential usefulness as a tool in the diagnosis of oral mucosal lesions, dental pathologies, and other dental applications will be reviewed. The clinical applications of light-based imaging technologies in the oral cavity and of their derivative devices will be discussed to provide the reader with a comprehensive understanding of emergent diagnostic modalities. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S
Geographic Variation in OutâofâPocket Expenditures of Elderly Medicare Beneficiaries
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107567/1/jgs12834.pd
Prediction of prostate cancer Gleason score upgrading from biopsy to radical prostatectomy using pre-biopsy multiparametric MRI PIRADS scoring system
Remarks on the thermodynamics and the vacuum energy of a quantum Maxwell gas on compact and closed manifolds
The quantum Maxwell theory at finite temperature at equilibrium is studied on
compact and closed manifolds in both the functional integral- and Hamiltonian
formalism. The aim is to shed some light onto the interrelation between the
topology of the spatial background and the thermodynamic properties of the
system. The quantization is not unique and gives rise to inequivalent quantum
theories which are classified by {\theta}-vacua. Based on explicit
parametrizations of the gauge orbit space in the functional integral approach
and of the physical phase space in the canonical quantization scheme, the
Gribov problem is resolved and the equivalence of both quantization schemes is
elucidated. Using zeta-function regularization the free energy is determined
and the effect of the topology of the spatial manifold on the vacuum energy and
on the thermal gauge field excitations is clarified. The general results are
then applied to a quantum Maxwell gas on a n-dimensional torus providing
explicit formulae for the main thermodynamic functions in the low- and high
temperature regimes, respectively.Comment: 41 page
A Prospective Study to Assess In Vivo Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging for Early Detection of Chemotherapy-induced Oral Mucositis
Background and Objective Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and severe complication of many cancer therapies. Currently, prediction and early detection are not possible and objective monitoring remains problematic. Goal of this prospective study is to assess non-invasive imaging using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for early detection and evaluation of chemotherapy-induced OM in 48 patients, 12 of whom developed clinical mucositis. Study Design/Materials and Methods In 48 patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary breast cancer, oral mucosal health was assessed clinically, and imaged using non-invasive OCT. Images were evaluated for mucositis using an imaging-based scoring system ranging from 0 to 6. Conventional clinical assessment using the OM assessment scale (OMAS) was used as the gold standard. Patients were evaluated on Days 0-11 after commencement of chemotherapy. OCT images were visually scored by three blinded investigators. Results The following events were identified from OCT images (1) change in epithelial thickness and subepithelial tissue integrity (beginning on Day 2), (2) loss of surface keratinized layer continuity (beginning on Day 4), (3) loss of epithelial integrity (beginning on Day 4). Imaging data gave higher scores compared to clinical scores early in treatment, suggesting that the imaging-based diagnostic scoring was more sensitive to early mucositic change than the clinical scoring system. Once mucositis was established, imaging and clinical scores converged. Conclusion Using OCT imaging and a novel scoring system, earlier, more sensitive detection of mucositis was possible than using OMAS. Specific imaging-based changes were a consistent predictor of clinical mucositis. Lasers Surg. Med. 45: 22-27, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Strictly Toral Dynamics
This article deals with nonwandering (e.g. area-preserving) homeomorphisms of
the torus which are homotopic to the identity and strictly
toral, in the sense that they exhibit dynamical properties that are not present
in homeomorphisms of the annulus or the plane. This includes all homeomorphisms
which have a rotation set with nonempty interior. We define two types of
points: inessential and essential. The set of inessential points is
shown to be a disjoint union of periodic topological disks ("elliptic
islands"), while the set of essential points is an essential
continuum, with typically rich dynamics (the "chaotic region"). This
generalizes and improves a similar description by J\"ager. The key result is
boundedness of these "elliptic islands", which allows, among other things, to
obtain sharp (uniform) bounds of the diffusion rates. We also show that the
dynamics in is as rich as in from the rotational
viewpoint, and we obtain results relating the existence of large invariant
topological disks to the abundance of fixed points.Comment: Incorporates suggestions and corrections by the referees. To appear
in Inv. Mat
Food after deprivation rewards the earlier eating
Food intake can be increased by learning to anticipate the omission of subsequent meals. We present here a new theory that such anticipatory eating depends on an associative process of instrumental reinforcement by the nutritional repletion that occurs when access to food is restored. Our evidence over the last decade from a smooth-brained omnivore has been that food after deprivation rewards intake even when those reinforced ingestive responses occur long before the physiological signals from renewed assimilation. Effects of food consumed after self-deprivation might therefore reward extra eating in human beings, through brain mechanisms that could operate outside awareness. That would have implications for efforts to reduce body weight. This food reward mechanism could be contributing to the failure of the dietary component of interventions on obesity within controlled trials of the management or prevention of disorders such as hypertension, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes
Development and assessment of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) amplicon vectors with sensory neuron-selective promoters
Background: Neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) is a severe pathological condition characterized by involuntary detrusor contractions leading to urine leakage. This condition is frequent after spinal cord injury (SCI). Gene therapy for NDO requires the development of vectors that express therapeutic transgenes driven by sensory neuron-specific promoters. The aim of this study was to develop and assess tools for the characterization of sensory neuron-specific promoters in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons after transduction with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-based amplicon defective vectors. Methods: The HSV-1 vector genome encoded two independent transcription cassettes: one expressed firefly luciferase (FLuc) driven by different promotersâ candidates (rTRPV1, rASIC3, rCGRP, or hCGRP), and the other expressed a reporter gene driven by an invariable promoter. The strength and selectivity of promoters was assessed in organotypic cultures of explanted adult DRG, or sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia from control and SCI rats. Results: The rCGRP promoter induced selective expression in the DRG of normal rats. The rTRPV-1 promoter, which did not display selective activity in control rats, induced selective expression in DRG explanted from SCI rats. Conclusions: This study provides a methodology to assess sensory neuron-specific promoters, opening new perspectives for future gene therapy for ND
- âŠ