Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity

Aprendizajes y prácticas educativas en las actuales condiciones de época: COVID-19

“Esta obra colectiva es el resultado de una convocatoria a docentes, investigadores y profesionales del campo pedagógico a visibilizar procesos investigativos y prácticas educativas situadas en el marco de COVI-19. La misma se inscribe en el trabajo llevado a cabo por el equipo de Investigación responsable del Proyecto “Sentidos y significados acerca de aprender en las actuales condiciones de época: un estudio con docentes y estudiantes de la educación secundarias en la ciudad de Córdoba” de la Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. El momento excepcional que estamos atravesando, pero que también nos atraviesa, ha modificado la percepción temporal a punto tal que habitamos un tiempo acelerado y angustiante que nos exige la producción de conocimiento provisorio. La presente publicación surge como un espacio para detenernos a documentar lo que nos acontece y, a su vez, como oportunidad para atesorar y resguardar las experiencias educativas que hemos construido, inventado y reinventando en este contexto. En ella encontrarán pluralidad de voces acerca de enseñar y aprender durante la pandemia. Este texto es una pausa para reflexionar sobre el hacer y las prácticas educativas por venir”.Fil: Beltramino, Lucia (comp.). Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Escuela de Archivología; Argentina

El proceso de regionalización y su influencia en la definición espacial del territorio en el Noroeste Argentino en el XX = The regionalization process and its influence on the spatial definition of the Northwest Argentinian territory in the 20th century

ResumenEl artículo analiza el proceso de regionalización y su influencia en el estudio y planificación del territorio argentino en el siglo XX. La región, definida conceptual y espacialmente, ha sido frecuentemente el marco geográfico que guiaba o condicionaba las investigaciones disciplinares o los planes de gestión urbana y territorial. Comprender los criterios con que se realizaron estas demarcaciones espaciales permite identificar su pertinencia como unidades de análisis para estudiar las relaciones sociales, económicas y culturales que configuraron el territorio. En el marco de la tesis de doctorado: “La estructura funcional del Noroeste Argentino y su influencia en la definición espacial del territorio en los siglos XVI al XXI”, entender cómo se configuró el Noroeste argentino como una región cultural posibilitó no solo delimitarlo sino, fundamentalmente, visibilizar su construcción histórica y como su estructura funcional se articuló con las demás regiones en las distintas etapas del desarrollo del país.AbstractThe article analyses the regionalization process and its influence on the study and planning of the Argentine territory in the 20th century. The region, defined conceptually and spatially, has frequently been the geographic framework that guided or conditioned disciplinary research or urban and territorial management plans. Understanding the criteria with which these spatial demarcations were made allows us to identify their relevance as units of analysis to study the social, economic, and cultural relationships that shaped the territory. In the framework of the doctoral thesis: "The functional structure of the Argentine Northwest and its influence on the spatial definition of the territory in the 16th to the 21st centuries", understanding how the Argentine Northwest was configured as a cultural region made it possible not only to delimit it but, fundamentally, make visible its historical construction and how its functional structure was articulated with the other regions in the different stages of the country's development

La estructura funcional del noroeste argentino y su influencia en la definición espacial del territorio en los siglos XVI al XXI

La investigación propone analizar a partir del estudio de la estructura funcional de las ciudades del Noroeste Argentino, durante los siglos XVI al XXI, como se ha organizado funcionalmente dicho territorio para entender cuáles han sido los procesos sociales, culturales, económico y políticos que lo han configurado históricamente. Para ello se utilizó como variable de análisis al Patrimonio Arquitectónico y Urbano interpretado desde una perspectiva territorial. Este enfoque reconoce en el Patrimonio Cultural la capacidad de constituirse como la expresión material de la organización funcional del territorio. Como estudio de caso se seleccionó a los Valles Calchaquíes como subregión y, particularmente, al poblado de Amaicha del Valle. Dentro de este contexto el registro y valoración de dicho patrimonio permite hacer visibles un conjunto de relaciones que establece la comunidad con el sitio que lo caracterizan le dan identidad. A partir de este estudio se recupera el concepto de región, desde una perspectiva histórica, como categoría de análisis que permite entender la dimensión cultural del territorio. En tal sentido se revisa la regionalización no sólo como instrumento metodológico para definir el espacio geográfico sino, también, por su capacidad de evidenciar las relaciones sociales y culturales que subyacen en él. ABSTRACT The research proposes to analyze from the study of the functional structure of the cities of the Argentine Northwest, during the 16th to 21st centuries, how said the territory has been functionally organized to understand what the social, cultural, economic, and political processes have been historically configured. For this, the Architectural and Urban Heritage interpreted from a territorial perspective was used as an analysis variable. This approach recognizes in Cultural Heritage the ability to become the material expression of the functional organization of the territory. As a case study, the Calchaquí Valleys were selected as a sub-region, particularly, the town of Amaicha del Valle. Within this context, the registration and valuation of said heritage make it possible to make visible a set of relationships that the community establishes with the site that characterizes it and gives it an identity. From this study, the concept of region is recovered, from a historical perspective, as a category of analysis that allows us to understand the cultural dimension of the territory. In this sense, regionalization is reviewed not only as a methodological instrument to define the geographic space but also for its ability to demonstrate the social and cultural relationships that underlie it

Stay Tuned the Future: Impact of the Research Infrastructures for Social Sciences and Humanities

Almost all presentations which were given at the conference held at the seat of the Fondazione Scienze Religiose Giovanni XXIII (FSCIRE) in Bologna on 24-25 January 2018 have found their way to this volume. Appropriate funding was provided by the Regione Emilia Romagna and the Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna. The editors wish to thank Istv\ue1n Kenesei, Georg Lutz, Alberto Melloni, Sonia Stefanizzi and Matthew Woollard for their careful reviews of all papers, Matthew Woollard also for his support in editorial matters. They also express their gratitude to Antonio Lamarra, the director of the Institute for the European Intellectual Lexicon and History of Ideas of the National Research Council of Italy (Iliesi-Cnr), and to its scientific committee for having accepted this volume in its flagship series \uabLessico intellettuale europeo\ubb. Our gratitude and a special appreciation go to Maria Cristina Dalfino for her impeccable editorial work at Iliesi-Cnr. Let it be reminded that with its lexical approach to a database embracing one-hundred great books in the history of philosophy and science published between 1600 and 1800 Iliesi-Cnr has played a pioneering role in opening up digital humanities by providing access to one of the first digital libraries, which was started in 1964 and became operative in 1967. Researchers of Iliesi-Cnr investigate several epochs under the assumption that at the root of the history of philosophy and of the sciences and more generally of the history of ideas lie textual corpora that have been developed in the context of each discipline over the centuries. Historical semantic tools consider technical uses and ambiguities, synchronic and diachronic interrelations, translations and transpositions across lexical fields. The specificity of their methodology requires keeping close to texts, individual terms and lexical families. Hence the publication of lexica, indices and concordances, the setting-up of data-bases and scientific data processing applied to technical terminology in the humanities

A community-built calibration system: The case study of quantification of metabolites in grape juice by qNMR spectroscopy

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is an analytical technique extensively used in almost every chemical laboratory for structural identification. This technique provides statistically equivalent signals in spite of using spectrometer with different hardware features and is successfully used for the traceability and quantification of analytes in food samples. Nevertheless, to date only a few internationally agreed guidelines have been reported on the use of NMR for quantitative analysis. The main goal of the present study is to provide a methodological pipeline to assess the reproducibility of NMR data produced for a given matrix by spectrometers from different manufacturers, with different magnetic field strengths, age and hardware configurations. The results have been analyzed through a sequence of chemometric tests to generate a community-built calibration system which was used to verify the performance of the spectrometers and the reproducibility of the predicted sample concentrations

XIV Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. ACTAS

La presente publicación recoge los resúmenes de todas las ponencias presentadas oralmente en la decimocuarta edición del Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo (SIIU), celebrada en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid) y presentadas durante los días 16 y 17 de junio de 2022. El Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo tuvo su origen en el año 2007, como iniciativa de un grupo de profesores y doctorandos del Departamento de Urbanismo y Ordenación del Territorio de la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya. Este seminario, originalmente interno y dirigido a investigadores en formación, pretendía ser un espacio de encuentro anual de los doctorandos del programa para debatir y recibir feedback sobre sus trabajos. Su condición pionera, como espacio de reflexión en torno a temas sobre la ciudad, el territorio y el paisaje en el ámbito hispanoamericano, provocó que muy pronto excediera el ámbito local y se transformara en un espacio de interés internacional. Por esta razón, a partir de la quinta edición, celebrada en 2013, se realiza cada año de manera conjunta entre la sede de Barcelona (Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña) y una sede latinoamericana. Hasta ahora han sido sede del SIIU en América, al otro lado del Atlántico: Buenos Aires, Córdoba (Argentina), Santiago de Chile, Bogotá, São Paulo, Camboriú y Curitiba. Asimismo, a partir del año 2020, el gran interés que estaba generando de este lado del Atlántico impulsa su realización en universidades de la Península Ibérica en conjunto con la UPC. De esta manera, Lisboa fue ese año la sede que, en colaboración con Barcelona, acogió el seminario, con el fin de responder al gran interés que éste tiene en el ámbito lusitano. Y en junio de 2022, Madrid ha sido la sede del seminario en España, con la voluntad de estrechar lazos entre dos de las escuelas de arquitectura más importantes del país, y compartir experiencias y miradas sobre los temas relacionados con el urbanismo. Del otro lado del Atlántico, Curitiba fue la sede latinoamericana que, con gran éxito, celebró la segunda parte del evento en la semana siguiente al evento de Madrid

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/‘proxy’ AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

Correction to: Comparative effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonists for atrial fibrillation in clinical practice: GLORIA-AF Registry

International audienceIn this article, the name of the GLORIA-AF investigator Anastasios Kollias was given incorrectly as Athanasios Kollias in the Acknowledgements. The original article has been corrected