Sensory and texture properties of "chipá": Influence of ingredients and storage conditions of batter

“Chipá” is a gluten-free bread made with cassava starch and cheese. Usually, the batter is baked immediately and the product is eaten warm. In this study, the effect of refrigeration and freezing of batter, and the role of cheese upon “chipás” prepared with cassava or corn starch were analyzed. This may offer alternatives to the storage of batter, and contribute to the knowledge of the effect of refrigeration and freezing of batter in gluten-free baking products. Texture and colour were analyzed in batter and baked products. Volume, sensory quality and in vitro starch digestibility of “chipás” were also determined. The refrigeration or freezing of batter turned darker mainly the baked products containing cheese, probably due to the Maillard reactions between proteins and products of lipid oxidation. The “chipá” made with cheese and cassava starch was bigger, softer and gummier than that prepared with corn starch, and these properties did not change when the batter was frozen. No differences were found in the in vitro starch digestibility of “chipás” due to the batter storage conditions. Cassava starch was more digestible than corn starch. Freezing would be a good alternative to storage the batter of cassava starch and cheese.Facultad de Ciencias ExactasCentro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimento

Absence of asymptomatic malaria in pregnant women of Honduras

Background: According to the World Health Organization, 219 million cases of malaria were reported in 2017 worldwide. During the last 8 years, the region of the Americas has experienced an average decrease in the incidence of malaria. Honduras has reported a reduction of 96.3% in the incidence of malaria between 2000 and 2017. Detection of submicroscopic infections is a great challenge for countries with low-endemic settings due to their relevance in the transmission of the parasite to the mosquito. Pregnant women are one of the populations most vulnerable to the complications of malaria and asymptomatic infections are considered as potential reservoirs of infection. The present study estimated the presence of Plasmodium asymptomatic infections in pregnant women and their newborns in an area of low endemicity in Honduras. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 300 asymptomatic mothers, from the umbilical cord of their newborns, and placentas. The DNA was extracted from dried blood spots using the Whatman FTA® purification reagent and the molecular diagnosis of the parasite was performed through two un-nested single tube species-specific PCR tests. Results: Nine hundred DNA samples successfully amplified the human beta globin partial sequence. None of the samples analysed revealed the presence of the parasite through this methodological approach. Conclusion: No asymptomatic malaria infections were detected among 300 pregnant women and their children in an area of low endemicity of Honduras. Implementation of more sensitive diagnostic techniques will contribute significantly on preventing transmission in order to eliminate malaria in the Central American sub region

Comer: Cocina, nutrición y salud

Cursos de Verano de la Universidad Complutense en Madrid, El Escorial, 14 a 18 de juli

El marketing mix ecológico y la decisión de compra de los clientes de la empresa Oriflame Cosmetics S.A. en la ciudad de Trujillo, 2019

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación del marketing mix ecológico y la decisión de compra de los clientes de la empresa Oriflame Cosmetics S.A. en la ciudad de Trujillo, 2019. Para tales fines se utilizó un estudio correlacional no experimental con diseño transversal, aplicado a 384 clientes de Oriflame. La técnica fue la encuesta y los cuestionarios constaron de preguntas para conocer el marketing mix ecológico y la decisión de compra de los clientes. Como resultados se obtuvo que el marketing mix ecológica según el 56% de clientes de la empresa Oriflame Cosmetics S.A., es percibida en un nivel medio, mientras que de acuerdo a la dimensión producto ecológico destaca un nivel medio (56%), en la dimensión precio ecológico el nivel medio (57%), en la dimensión promoción ecológica el nivel medio (41%) y finalmente el nivel medio (47%) para la dimensión distribución ecológica. Asimismo, sobre la decisión de compra se ubica en un nivel medio, según el 51% de los clientes; asimismo, en cuanto a las dimensiones, se aprecia un nivel medio según el 40% para la dimensión identificación de la necesidad, un nivel medio según el 46% para la dimensión búsqueda de información, un nivel alto según el 43% para la dimensión evaluación de alternativas, un nivel medio según el 53% para la variable decisión de compra; y finalmente, un nivel medio según el 51% para la dimensión comportamiento postcompra. Por otro lado, se estableció una correlación directa, de grado considerable y estadísticamente significativa (p<.05) entre las dimensiones producto ecológico (rho=,642), precio ecológico (rho=,452), promoción ecológica (rho=,281) y distribución ecológica (rho=,516) con la decisión de compra. Finalmente se concluyó en el análisis inferencial que se determinó una correlación directa, de grado considerable y estadísticamente significativa (p<.01) entre el marketing mix ecológico y la decisión de compra (rho=,592) en la empresa

Influence of Must Clarification Technique on the Volatile Composition of Albariño and Treixadura Wines

Clarification of the musts is carried out to remove particles that cause turbidity, oxidizable polyphenols, and eliminate excess of proteins. However, an excessive clarification of the musts can lead to the reduction of volatile compound concentrations and, as a consequence, modify the sensorial properties of the wines. Therefore, in this study, the influence of two pre-fermentation clarification techniques (static settling and flotation) on the concentrations of volatile compounds has been assessed in Albariño and Treixadura wines. Fermentations were performed at an industrial scale. Volatile compounds have been identified and quantified by gas chromatography (FID and mass spectrometry detection) and expert panelists assessed the sensory properties of the final wines. The results showed effects of the clarification techniques on the volatile composition of wines from both varieties. Flotation significantly increased the concentrations of benzyl alcohol in Treixadura wines, whereas this technique increased the concentration of 1-hexanol, octanoic acid, and furfural in Albariño wines, but without exceeding the corresponding perception thresholds. Panelists tended to score higher the wines coming from flotation, which, together with the shorter application time, makes this technique suitable for clarifying the musts of these two white varieties.Publishe

Evolución de los videolaringoscopios, un campo en continua renovación

El 30% de las muertes que se atribuyen a la anestesia son debidas a la imposibilidad de mantener la vía aérea permeable. Es, quizás, esta perspectiva tan preocupante, la que ha motivado toda una revolución en el manejo de la vía aérea, fundamentalmente centrada en la aparición de un amplio abanico de dispositivos destinados a su manejo. En este sentido, los videolaringoscopios han transformado, profundamente, este panorama, hasta el punto de ser incluidos en el algoritmo de la ASA de 2013 para ser utilizados, incluso de entrada, ante la sospecha de vía aérea difícil.  Muchos autores coinciden en que, para apreciar algún beneficio del uso del videolaringoscopio necesitamos conocer, previamente, el mecanismo y la incidencia de fallo de la laringoscopia directa convencional. La mejor evidencia de ello, es un metanálisis de 50.760 pacientes en los cuales se registró una incidencia de laringoscopia directa dificultosa de un 5,8% (IC95% 4,5-7,5) (1).  El principal problema de esta revolución tecnológica es que, muchas veces, estos dispositivos tienen más similitudes que diferencias, con un elevado coste que no asegura su permanencia en el mercado. En este sentido, Kenneth Rothfield hace una revisión de este gran avance y analiza su repercusión en nuestra práctica diaria

Percepción y significación de la violencia a partir del impacto de las noticias locales relativas al lugar de residencia en jóvenes de educación secundaria

El tema de violencia escolar ha sido considerado de alto interés por lo cual es necesaria una reflexión más profunda de lo que ocurre en sus entornos sociales. El presente artículo plantea resultados de investigación de un proyecto de impacto estatal sobre las formas de percibir la violencia, especialmente en jóvenes. En éste documento se presenta la percepción y el significado que los jóvenes de educación secundaria le imprimen a las noticias locales, así como el impacto que les genera. Es cualitativo de enfoque fenomenológico, se empleó un instrumento cualitativo proyectivo y de preguntas abiertas, así como el análisis de las noticias locales en los años 2017 – 2018. Se aplicó a 246 estudiantes de secundaria de Xalisco Nayarit

Successful field performance in warm and dry environments of soybean expressing the sunflower transcription factor HB4

Ribichich, Karina Fabiana. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral Santa Fe, Argentina.Chiozza, Mariana. INDEAR/BIOCERES. Rosario, Argentina.Ávalos Britez, Selva. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino (EEA Pergamino). Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Cabello, Julieta V. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral Santa Fe, Argentina.Arce, Augustin L. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral Santa Fe, Argentina.Watson, Gerónimo. INDEAR/BIOCERES. Rosario, Argentina.Arias, Claudia. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. CIFASIS. Rosario, Argentina.Portapila, Margarita. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. CIFASIS. Rosario, Argentina.Trucco, Federico. INDEAR/BIOCERES. Rosario, Argentina.Otegui, María Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino (EEA Pergamino). Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Chan, Raquel Lía. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral Santa Fe, Argentina.3142–3156Soybean yield is limited primarily by abiotic constraints. No transgenic soybean with improved abiotic stress tolerance is commercially available. We transformed soybean plants with genetic constructs able to express the sunflower transcription factor HaHB4, which confers drought tolerance to Arabidopsis and wheat. One line (b10H) carrying the sunflower promoter was chosen among three independent lines because it exhibited the best performance in seed yield, and was evaluated in the greenhouse and in 27 field trials in different environments in Argentina. In greenhouse experiments, transgenic plants showed increased seed yield under stress conditions together with greater epicotyl diameter, larger xylem area, and increased water use efficiency compared with controls. They also exhibited enhanced seed yield in warm and dry field conditions. This response was accompanied by an increase in seed number that was not compensated by a decrease in individual seed weight. Transcriptome analysis of plants from a field trial with maximum difference in seed yield between genotypes indicated the induction of genes encoding redox and heat shock proteins in b10H. Collectively, our results indicate that soybeans transformed with HaHB4 are expected to have a reduced seed yield penalty when cultivated in warm and dry conditions, which constitute the best target environments for this technology

Experiencias Docentes en el Trabajo de Aula con Alumno con debilidad Visual

This research aims to describe the experiences of classroom work that teachers have had Academic Program Psychology, Autonomous University of Nayarit with a student with visual weakness. It is intended to represent the views of teachers on the challenges facing to carry out the teaching process and know the strategies implemented. It will be addressed under the qualitative paradigm, which will conduct a case study. The information will be collected by conducting surveys to 10 participating teachers, who have taught the student class from its income; it will be transcribed and analyzed in the Atlas Ti software.La presente investigación tiene como propósito describir las experiencias de trabajo en aula que han tenido los docentes del Programa Académico de Psicología, de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit con un estudiante con debilidad visual. Se busca representar la opinión del personal docente sobre los retos que debe enfrentar para llevar a cabo el proceso de enseñanza, así como conocer las estrategias implementadas. Se abordará bajo el paradigma cualitativo, se realizará un estudio de caso. La información se recolectará mediante la aplicación de encuestas a 10 docentes participantes, quienes han impartido clase a dicho estudiante a partir de su ingreso; misma que será transcrita y analizada en el software Atlas Ti

Usefulness of the CONUT index upon hospital admission as a potential prognostic indicator of COVID-19 health outcomes

Background: In-hospital mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is high. Simple prognostic indices are needed to identify patients at high-risk of COVID-19 health outcomes. We aimed to determine the usefulness of the CONtrolling NUTritional status (CONUT) index as a potential prognostic indicator of mortality in COVID-19 patients upon hospital admission. Methods: Our study design is of a retrospective observational study in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients. In addition to descriptive statistics, a Kaplan-Meier mortality analysis and a Cox regression were performed, as well as receiver operating curve (ROC). Results: From February 5, 2020 to January 21, 2021, there was a total of 2969 admissions for COVID-19 at our hospital, corresponding to 2844 patients. Overall, baseline (within 4 days of admission) CONUT index could be scored for 1627 (57.2%) patients. Patients' age was 67.3 ± 16.5 years and 44.9% were women. The CONUT severity distribution was: 194 (11.9%) normal (0-1); 769 (47.2%) light (2-4); 585 (35.9%) moderate (5-8); and 79 (4.9%) severe (9-12). Mortality of 30 days after admission was 3.1% in patients with normal risk CONUT, 9.0% light, 22.7% moderate, and 40.5% in those with severe CONUT (P < 0.05). An increased risk of death associated with a greater baseline CONUT stage was sustained in a multivariable Cox regression model (P < 0.05). An increasing baseline CONUT stage was associated with a longer duration of admission, a greater requirement for the use of non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and other clinical outcomes (all P < 0.05). The ROC of CONUT for mortality had an area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence interval of 0.711 (0.676-0746). Conclusion: The CONUT index upon admission is potentially a reliable and independent prognostic indicator of mortality and length of hospitalization in COVID-19 patientsThe work is supported by a grant from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement (No 101016216