Polislerin beslenme bilgi düzeyi ve beslenme durumlarının belirlenmesi

Bu araştırma, Nisan 2016-Mayıs 2016 tarihleri arasında Yozgat İl Emniyet Müdürlüğü’nde çalışan 783 polis memurundan326 polis memuru çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmışlardır. Bireylerin kişisel özellikleri ve beslenme alışkanlıkları anket formu ile sorgulanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin yaş ortalaması 34.1±8.8. Erkeklerin boy ortalaması 177.6. ± 7,2 cm, kadınların boy ortalaması 169.4 ± 6.0 cm olarak hesaplanmıştır. Erkeklerin vücut ağırlığı ortalaması 83,6 ± 14,6 kg, kadınların vücut ağırlığı ortalaması 71,7 ± 14,7 kg olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bireylerin beslenme durumları 3 günlük 24 saatlik besin tüketim kaydı ile belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin beslenme bilgilerini sorgulamak amacıyla beslenme bilgi soruları; duygusal durumlarını saptamak amacıyla ise Beck Depresyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Erkeklerin ve kadınların BKİ ortalamaları 27.1±8.4 kg/m2, 24.8±7.0 kg/m2olarak bulunmuştur. Beslenme Bilgi Puanları 0-8 arasında değişmekte olup, ortalaması erkeklerde 4.10±1.60, kadınlarda 4.09±1.52’dir. Bireylerin demografik özellikleri ile beslenme bilgi düzeyi arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde; yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, çalışma yılı ve eğitim süreleri ile beslenme bilgi düzeyi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Bireylerin BKİ değerleri ile Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Beck Depresyon Puanları 0-63 arasında değişmekte olup erkeklerde ve kadınlarda ortalamaları 31.1±17.5 ve 27.8±17.1 olarak bulunmuştur. Depresyon sıklığı %2.5’inde hafif, %21.5’inde orta ve %58.9’unda şiddetli depresyon görünmektedir. Bireylerin demografik özellikleri ile depresyon durumu arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde; yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, çalışma yılı ve eğitim süreleri ile depresyon durumu arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Bireylerin depresyon durumları ile aldıkları enerji ve makro besin öğeleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Son yıllarda yetersiz ve/veya dengesiz beslenme kaynaklı önlenebilir hastalıklardaki artış dikkat çekmektedir. Bu nedenle polislerin beslenme konusunda bilinçlendirilmesine ihtiyaç olduğundan eğitim programları düzenleyerek yeterli ve dengeli beslenme konusunda bilgilendirilmeleri sağlanmalıdır. Buna yönelik plan ve politikalar düzenlenerek polislere sağlıklı beslenme konusunda doğru bilgi sağlanmalı ve farkındalık oluşturulmaya çalışılmalıdır. This research is conducted in Yozgat Police Department between April 2016-May 2016. 326 of 783 police officers attended to study voluntarily. Personal characteristics and nutritional habits of individuals are determined by a questionnaire. Nutritional status of individuals is determined by three daily 24-hour food records. Nutrition know ledge questionnaire is used in order to determine the nutritional know ledge of the individuals. The Beck Depression Inventory is used to determine thee motional state. The average age of the individuals participating in the study is 34.1 ± 8.8 years. The average height of men is 177.6± 7.2 cm, the average height of women is 169.4 ± 6.0 cm. The average body weight of men is 83.6 ± 14.6 kg, and average body weight of women is found to be 71.7 ± 14.7 kg. The average BMI of men's and women's are 27.1 ± 8.4 kg / m2, 24.8 ± 7.0 kg / m2, respectively. The average daily dietary energy consumption of men’s is 2544.9±205.7 kcal, and the average daily dietary energy consumption of women’s is 1756.6±150.9 kcal. The percentages of dietary energy from carbohydrates, protein and fat are, 51.11%± 8.76%, 36.78 ± 7.76% and of 13.64 ± 2.26 respectively. The Nutrition Knowledge Scores ranged from 0-8 points. The score average for men is , 4:10 ± 1.60 and 4:09 ± 1:52 for women. The relation between nutritional know ledge and demographic characteristics of individuals are not found statistically significant. Ther is no statistically signicant differences between the BMI and nutritional know ledge of Individuals. Beck Depression Score average in males and females ranged from 0-63 was found to be 31.1 ± 17.5% and 27.8 ± 17.1. 2.5% incidence of depression in mild, medium and severe depression seem to 58.9% at 21.5%. When the relationship between demographic characteristics of individuals with depression status; age, sex, marital status, workand training time of year is not significantly related with depression status (p> 0.05). There was no significant relationship between depression status of individuals and energy consumption and macronutrientin take (p> 0.05). İn recent years, increase inadequate and/or unbalanced nutrition related avoidable diseases is remarkable. In order to develop healthy eating habits, police officers have to be educated about health nutrition and foods regularly. In arranging for plans and policies should provide accurate information about healthy eating and the police should attempt to create awareness

Bir üniversite hastanesindeki pedodonti kliniğine başvuran 156 dental travma olgusunun değerlendirilmesi: Retrospektif araştırma

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Kocaeli Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Pedodonti Anabilim Dalına 2015-2016 yılları arasında travmatik diş yaralanmaları (TDY) nedeniyle başvuran çocuk hastaların verilerinin restrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kocaeli Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Pedodonti Anabilim Dalı kliniğinde çalışan hekimlerin dijital ortamda doldurduğu formlar TDY’nın tipi, lokalizasyonu ve travmatik yaralanmadan etkilenen diş sayısı, numarası, travmatik yaralanma sonrası diş hekimine başvurma süresi ve diş yaralanmalarının meydana geldiği aylar açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin SPSS 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) paket programı kullanılarak frekans dağılımları verilmiş ve ki-kare testi ile analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir.Bulgular: Yüz elli altı adet travma olgusundan 152’ sinde 244 adet dişin yaralandığı, 3 olgunun diş yaralanması olmaksızın sadece yumuşak doku yaralanması içerdiği ve 1 olgunun da diş yaralanması içermeksizin sadece sert doku yaralanması içerdiği tespit edildi. Travma olguları kızlarda ve erkeklerde eşit oranda görüldü (p > .05). 0-6 yaş arası hastalarda travma en çok evde gerçekleşirken, 7-12 yaş arasında en sık okulda meydana geldiği tespit edildi. Travma nedenleri arasında düşme birinci sırada yer aldı. Travma en çok maksiller ön bölgede gözlenirken, hastaların yalnızca %43’ ü travma tedavisi için diş hekimine 24 saat içerisinde başvurdu.Sonuç: Travma olgularının en çok evde ve okulda gerçekleşmesi ve hastaların yarısından çoğunun tedavi için 24 saat sonrasında başvurması travma olgularında erken müdahale açısından toplumsal bilinç eksikliğinin göstergesi sayılabilir. Çocuk hastalara uygun tedaviyi gerçekleştirmek kadar toplumsal bilincin artırılması için pedodontistlere büyük sorumluluklar düşmektedir

Modelo técnico administrativo para la Unidad de Gestión de Transporte de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo

El presente Trabajo de Titulación un Modelo Técnico Administrativo para la Unidad de Gestión de Transporte de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Tiene como finalidad la elaboración de los manuales de organización y procedimientos que permitan prestar un mejor servicio evitando las demoras en los mismos. En el desarrollo del tema se utilizaron las herramientas de investigación como: entrevistas a las autoridades y personal de este departamento y encuestas a los choferes, se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: las autoridades tienen una respuesta a los salvoconductos de 2 días hasta un mes aproximadamente, el personal no recibe ninguna capacitación en atención al cliente y realización de trámites, ya que los mismos son realizados con documentos básicos. Se elaboró un manual de organización y procedimientos de los servicios que se prestan actualmente donde cada persona tiene funciones y responsabilidades según el área que desempeña, incluidos unos formularios con datos necesarios para el desarrollo de cada uno de los trámites. En conclusión el manual de organización da a conocer la estructura, funciones y responsabilidades de las personas que trabajan en este departamento y a la vez la distribución de mismos para una mejor prestación de los servicios actuales. El manual de Procedimientos permite conocer las actividades de cada servicio. Se recomienda implementar esta propuesta incluida una página web para una mejor distribución de los recursos humanos, tecnológicos, y financieros.The current titling work proposes a technical administrative model for Management Transportation Unit from Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo has like objective the elaboration of organization and procedures manuals that allow offering a better service avoiding late in the same. In the theme development, research tools were used like: interviews to personal of this area and survey to the drivers, obtaining the following results: the authorities have an answer to the safe-passages from 2 days to one month approximately, the personal do not receive customer service training and formalities completion because they are done with basic documents. An Organization and Procedures manual was elaborated of services offered currently where each person has functions and responsibilities according to the labour area, including forms with enough data for the development of each procedure. In conclusion, the organization manual allows knowing the structure, functions, and responsibilities of people that work in this area and the distribution of the same for a better service offering. The procedures manual allows knowing the activities of each service. It is recommended to implement this proposal included a web page for a better distribution of human, technological and financial resources

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF COVID 19 ON MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Background: The COVID 19 pandemic has had significant psychological effects on university students as well as in all segments of society. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between education fields (medical-non medical), education styles (online-face to face), sociodemographic characteristics of university students and their levels of depression, anxiety, stress, fear of COVID-19. Subjects and methods: In the cross-sectional designed research, 1213 university students studying in Turkey was reached online. A sociodemographic form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was applied to the participants. Results: Of all participants 887(73%) were women. 647(53%) students were studying in the medical field. The scores of FCV- 19S and all subscales of DASS 21 were significantly higher in women. In the comparison between the field and style of education, no difference was found. DASS 21 scores were higher in the participants whose relatives had COVID-19 or who had a mental disorder in the past or medical disease. Conclusions: In this study, it was observed that while there was no significant difference in the scores of DASS 21 among university students in terms of the field and style of education, variables such as gender, not having COVID-19 so far, having lost a relative due to COVID-19 could cause significant differences. Identifying sensitive groups will create early intervention opportunities

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF COVID 19 ON MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Background: The COVID 19 pandemic has had significant psychological effects on university students as well as in all segments of society. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between education fields (medical-non medical), education styles (online-face to face), sociodemographic characteristics of university students and their levels of depression, anxiety, stress, fear of COVID-19. Subjects and methods: In the cross-sectional designed research, 1213 university students studying in Turkey was reached online. A sociodemographic form, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was applied to the participants. Results: Of all participants 887(73%) were women. 647(53%) students were studying in the medical field. The scores of FCV- 19S and all subscales of DASS 21 were significantly higher in women. In the comparison between the field and style of education, no difference was found. DASS 21 scores were higher in the participants whose relatives had COVID-19 or who had a mental disorder in the past or medical disease. Conclusions: In this study, it was observed that while there was no significant difference in the scores of DASS 21 among university students in terms of the field and style of education, variables such as gender, not having COVID-19 so far, having lost a relative due to COVID-19 could cause significant differences. Identifying sensitive groups will create early intervention opportunities

SJÖGREN SENDROMLU HASTANIN ORAL BULGULARI VE DENTAL TEDAVİ YAKLAŞIMI: OLGU SUNUMU [Oral Findings and Dental Treatment Approach of the Patient with Sjögren’s Syndrome: A Case Report ]

ÖZET Sjögren sendromu endokrin bezlerin, özellikle de lakrimal ve tükürük bezlerinin, bağışıklık sistemi ile yıkıma uğraması nedeniyle oluşan, göz kuruluğu (kseroftalmi) ve ağız kuruluğu (kserestomi) ile tanımlanan bir sendromdur. Hastalığın oral belirtileri olarak, yarıklı dil, mantar enfeksiyonları başta olmak üzere sık oral enfeksiyonlar ve özellikle kök yüzeylerinde olmak üzere özellikle köklerde ve kesicilerde yaygın çürükler görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Primer Sjögren sendromlu bir hastada hastalığın oral bulgularını ve dental tedavi yaklaşımını sunmaktır. Anahtar kelimeler: Sjögren Sendromu, Ağız kuruluğu, Oral Sağlık ABSTRACT Public demand for tooth whitening has increased in recent Sjogren’s syndrome is defined as a syndrome of dry eyes (xerophthalmia) and dry mouth (xerostomia) due to immune destruction of endocrine glands, especially of the lacrimal and salivary glands. Oral manifestations of this disease include tongue fissures, frequent mouth infections including fungal infections, and rampant dental caries, especially at root and incisors. The aim of this study is to present oral findings and dental treatment of a patient with Primer Sjögren Syndrome. Keywords: Sjögren Syndrome, Xerostomia, Oral Healt

Advances in exosome therapies in ophthalmology–From bench to clinical trial

During the last decade, the fields of advanced and personalized therapeutics have been constantly evolving, utilizing novel techniques such as gene editing and RNA therapeutic approaches. However, the method of delivery and tissue specificity remain the main hurdles of these approaches. Exosomes are natural carriers of functional small RNAs and proteins, representing an area of increasing interest in the field of drug delivery. It has been demonstrated that the exosome cargo, especially miRNAs, is at least partially responsible for the therapeutic effects of exosomes. Exosomes deliver their luminal content to the recipient cells and can be used as vesicles for the therapeutic delivery of RNAs and proteins. Synthetic therapeutic drugs can also be encapsulated into exosomes as they have a hydrophilic core, which makes them suitable to carry water-soluble drugs. In addition, engineered exosomes can display a variety of surface molecules, such as peptides, to target specific cells in tissues. The exosome properties present an added advantage to the targeted delivery of therapeutics, leading to increased efficacy and minimizing the adverse side effects. Furthermore, exosomes are natural nanoparticles found in all cell types and as a result, they do not elicit an immune response when administered. Exosomes have also demonstrated decreased long-term accumulation in tissues and organs and thus carry a low risk of systemic toxicity. This review aims to discuss all the advances in exosome therapies in ophthalmology and to give insight into the challenges that would need to be overcome before exosome therapies can be translated into clinical practice

The third international hackathon for applying insights into large-scale genomic composition to use cases in a wide range of organisms

publishedVersio

Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia

Background: Pain during dental treatment, which is a common fear of patients, can be controlled successfully by local anaesthetic. Several different local anaesthetic formulations and techniques are available to dentists. / Objectives: Our primary objectives were to compare the success of anaesthesia, the speed of onset and duration of anaesthesia, and systemic and local adverse effects amongst different local anaesthetic formulations for dental anaesthesia. We define success of anaesthesia as absence of pain during a dental procedure, or a negative response to electric pulp testing or other simulated scenario tests. We define dental anaesthesia as anaesthesia given at the time of any dental intervention. Our secondary objective was to report on patients' experience of the procedures carried out. / Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; the Cochrane Library; 2018, Issue 1), MEDLINE (OVID SP), Embase, CINAHL PLUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, and other resources up to 31 January 2018. Other resources included trial registries, handsearched journals, conference proceedings, bibliographies/reference lists, and unpublished research. / Selection criteria: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing different formulations of local anaesthetic used for clinical procedures or simulated scenarios. Studies could apply a parallel or cross‐over design. / Data collection and analysis: We used standard Cochrane methodological approaches for data collection and analysis. / Main results: We included 123 studies (19,223 participants) in the review. We pooled data from 68 studies (6615 participants) for meta‐analysis, yielding 23 comparisons of local anaesthetic and 57 outcomes with 14 different formulations. Only 10 outcomes from eight comparisons involved clinical testing. We assessed the included studies as having low risk of bias in most domains. Seventy‐three studies had at least one domain with unclear risk of bias. Fifteen studies had at least one domain with high risk of bias due to inadequate sequence generation, allocation concealment, masking of local anaesthetic cartridges for administrators or outcome assessors, or participant dropout or exclusion. We reported results for the eight most important comparisons. / Success of anaesthesia: When the success of anaesthesia in posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis requiring root canal treatment is tested, 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine, may be superior to 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (31% with 2% lidocaine vs 49% with 4% articaine; risk ratio (RR) 1.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10 to 2.32; 4 parallel studies; 203 participants; low‐quality evidence). When the success of anaesthesia for teeth/dental tissues requiring surgical procedures and surgical procedures/periodontal treatment, respectively, was tested, 3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin (66% with 3% prilocaine vs 76% with 2% lidocaine; RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.95; 2 parallel studies; 907 participants; moderate‐quality evidence), and 4% prilocaine plain (71% with 4% prilocaine vs 83% with 2% lidocaine; RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.99; 2 parallel studies; 228 participants; low‐quality evidence) were inferior to 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine. Comparative effects of 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine on success of anaesthesia for teeth/dental tissues requiring surgical procedures are uncertain (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.02; 3 parallel studies; 930 participants; very low‐quality evidence). Comparative effects of 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine and both 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine (odds ratio (OR) 0.87, 95% CI 0.27 to 2.83; 2 cross‐over studies; 37 participants; low‐quality evidence) and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.07 to 5.12; 2 cross‐over studies; 31 participants; low‐quality evidence) on success of anaesthesia for teeth requiring extraction are uncertain. Comparative effects of 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and both 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (OR 3.82, 95% CI 0.61 to 23.82; 1 parallel and 1 cross‐over study; 110 participants; low‐quality evidence) and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.25 to 5.45; 2 parallel studies; 68 participants; low‐quality evidence) on success of anaesthesia for teeth requiring extraction and teeth with irreversible pulpitis requiring endodontic access and instrumentation, respectively, are uncertain. For remaining outcomes, assessing success of dental local anaesthesia via meta‐analyses was not possible. / Onset and duration of anaesthesia: For comparisons assessing onset and duration, no clinical studies met our outcome definitions. Adverse effects (continuous pain measured on 170‐mm Heft‐Parker visual analogue scale (VAS)) Differences in post‐injection pain between 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine are small, as measured on a VAS (mean difference (MD) 4.74 mm, 95% CI ‐1.98 to 11.46 mm; 3 cross‐over studies; 314 interventions; moderate‐quality evidence). Lidocaine probably resulted in slightly less post‐injection pain than articaine (MD 6.41 mm, 95% CI 1.01 to 11.80 mm; 3 cross‐over studies; 309 interventions; moderate‐quality evidence) on the same VAS. For remaining comparisons assessing local and systemic adverse effects, meta‐analyses were not possible. Other adverse effects were rare and minor. / Patients' experience: Patients' experience of procedures was not assessed owing to lack of data. / Authors' conclusions: For success (absence of pain), low‐quality evidence suggests that 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine was superior to 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine for root treating of posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis, and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine was superior to 4% prilocaine plain when surgical procedures/periodontal treatment was provided. Moderate‐quality evidence shows that 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine was superior to 3% prilocaine, 0.03 IU felypressin when surgical procedures were performed. Adverse events were rare. Moderate‐quality evidence shows no difference in pain on injection when 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine and 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine were compared, although lidocaine resulted in slightly less pain following injection. Many outcomes tested our primary objectives in simulated scenarios, although clinical alternatives may not be possible. Further studies are needed to increase the strength of the evidence. These studies should be clearly reported, have low risk of bias with adequate sample size, and provide data in a format that will allow meta‐analysis. Once assessed, results of the 34 ‘Studies awaiting classification (full text unavailable)’ may alter the conclusions of the review