Findings to the flora of Russia and adjacent countries: New national and regional vascular plant records, 4

With this paper we continue a new annual series, the main purpose of which is to make significant floristic findings from Russia and neighboring countries more visible in Russia and abroad. In total, this paper presents new records for 48 vascular plant species from 6 Eurasian countries, obtained during field explorations, as well as during taxonomic revisions of herbarium materials. For the first time, a new locality of Leontopodium leiolepis is recorded for Russia, Rheum uzengukuushi for China, Rorippa prolifera for Lithuania, Lappula marginata for Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, Anthriscus caucalis, Chenopodium ficifolium, Euphorbia prostrata for Uzbekistan, Adonis × hybrida, Potamogeton × franconicus, Solidago × niederederi for the Asian part of Russia, Echinochloa esculenta, Poa jamalinensis, Puccinellia poecilantha for Siberia, Potentilla intermedia for the Caucasus, Rhynchospora alba for the Russian part of Altai, Poa sphondylodes, Veronica beccabunga for Eastern Siberia, Asclepias syriaca for the Republic of Altai, Chimaphila umbellata, Orobanche korshinskyi, Veronica scutellata for the Republic of Buryatia, Cirsium alatum, Thalictrum simplex for the Republic of Crimea, Thymus rariflorus, Th. terekensis for the Republic of Ingushetia, Berberis thunbergii, Crataegus maximowiczii, Prunus serotina for the Republic of Mordovia, Oenothera villosa for the Republic of Tatarstan, Astragalus sulcatus, Galium mollugo for the Republic of Tyva, Phragmites altissimus for the Chelyabinsk Region, Senecio dubitabilis for the Magadan Region, Asclepias syriaca, Galatella villosa, Potentilla recta for the Novosibirsk Region, Dodartia orientalis for the Omsk Region, Viola hultenii for the Sakhalin Region, Phragmites tzvelevii for the Samara Region and the Middle Volga, Jacobaea ferganensis for the Samara Region, Carex media, Impatiens parviflora for the Tyumen Region. There are some more findings which are not new for the region but they contribute significantly to the understanding of species distribution

World distribution, diversity and endemism of aquatic macrophytes

To test the hitherto generally-accepted hypothesis that most aquatic macrophytes have broad world distributions, we investigated the global distribution, diversity and endemism patterns of 3457 macrophyte species that occur in permanent, temporary or ephemeral inland freshwater and brackish waterbodies worldwide. At a resolution of 10 × 10° latitude x longitude, most macrophyte species were found to have narrow global distributions: 78% have ranges (measured using an approach broadly following the IUCN-defined concept “extent of occurrence”) that individually occupy <10% of the world area present within the six global ecozones which primarily provide habitat for macrophytes. We found evidence of non-linear relationships between latitude and macrophyte α- and γ-diversity, with diversity highest in sub-tropical to low tropical latitudes, declining slightly towards the Equator, and also declining strongly towards higher latitudes. Landscape aridity and, to a lesser extent, altitude and land area present per gridcell also influence macrophyte diversity and species assemblage worldwide. The Neotropics and Orient have the richest ecozone species-pools for macrophytes, depending on γ-diversity metric used. The region around Brasilia/Goiás (Brazil: gridcell 10–20 °S; 40–50 °W) is the richest global hotspot for macrophyte α-diversity (total species α-diversity, ST: 625 species/gridcell, 350 of them Neotropical endemics). In contrast, the Sahara/Arabian Deserts, and some Arctic areas, have the lowest macrophyte α-diversity (ST <20 species/gridcell). At ecozone scale, macrophyte species endemism is pronounced, though with a>5-fold difference between the most species-rich (Neotropics) and species-poor (Palaearctic) ecozones. Our findings strongly support the assertion that small-ranged species constitute most of Earth’s species diversity

ЭХОКАРДИОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДИКТОРЫ НЕБЛАГОПРИЯТНЫХ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ СОБЫТИЙ ПРИ СЕРДЕЧНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ С СОХРАННОЙ ФРАКЦИЕЙ ВЫБРОСА ЛЕВОГО ЖЕЛУДОЧКА В СОЧЕТАНИИ С СИНДРОМОМ ОБСТРУКТИВНОГО АПНОЭ ВО СНЕ

HighlightsRepeated hospitalizations occupy a special place in adverse clinical events in heart failure, currently representing one of the most powerful predictors of adverse outcomes in this group of patients. Echocardiographic parameters such as longitudinal myocardial deformation, displacement in the annulus of the tricuspid valve, and left atrial volume index can serve as predictors of hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and obstructive sleep apnea. Abstract Aim. To study the prognostic role of individual echocardiographic parameters in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in patients with arterial hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Methods. The study included 59 men with hypertension and OSA (apnea/hypopnea index >15 per hour). At baseline all patients underwent a sleep study and echocardiography with an additional assessment of the global longitudinal strain (GLS). Upon inclusion in the study and after 12 months of follow-up, a 6-minute walk test was performed. After 12 months, the clinical course of the disease was retrospectively assessed. The criteria for an adverse clinical course were episodes of hospitalization for cardiovascular diseases, the development of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or high-grade ventricular arrhythmias (III–V class according to Ryan), worsening of heart failure with a transition to a higher functional class according to NYHA.Results. Significant differences were found in several echocardiographic parameters between the groups of patients with and without hospitalizations within 12 months of follow-up: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (p = 0.017), GLS (p = 0.005), left atrial volume index (LAVI) (p = 0.032). According to the regression analysis results, TAPSE, GLS and left ventricular ejection fraction make a statistically significant contribution to the probability of hospitalizations among the evaluated echocardiographic predictors.Conclusion. The results of the study allow us to consider certain echocardiographic parameters, in particular GLS, TAPSE and LAVI, as predictors of hospitalizations in patients with HFpEF and OSA.Основные положенияПовторные госпитализации занимают особое место в ряду клинических событий при хронической сердечной недостаточности, представляя в настоящее время один из наиболее мощных предикторов неблагоприятных исходов в этой группе. Эхокардиографические параметры – продольная деформация миокарда левого желудочка, величина смещения фиброзного кольца трикуспидального клапана и индекс объема левого предсердия – служат предикторами госпитализации в стационар по поводу сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у больных сердечной недостаточностью с сохранной фракцией выброса и синдромом обструктивного апноэ во сне. РезюмеЦель. Изучить прогностическую роль отдельных эхокардиографических параметров при сердечной недостаточности с сохранной фракцией выброса у больных артериальной гипертензией и синдромом обструктивного апноэ во сне (СОАС).Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 59 мужчин с артериальной гипертензией и СОАС (с индексом апноэ/гипопноэ >15 в час). Всем пациентам при включении в исследование выполнены полисомнографическое исследование и эхокардиография с дополнительной оценкой глобальной продольной деформации миокарда левого желудочка (GLS). При включении в исследование и через 12 мес. наблюдения проведен тест 6-минутной ходьбы. Через 12 мес. ретроспективно оценен характер клинического течения заболевания. Критериями неблагоприятного течения являлись эпизоды госпитализации в стационар по поводу сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, развитие пароксизмальной фибрилляции предсердий или регистрация желудочковых нарушений ритма высоких градаций (III–V класса по Ryan), ухудшение хронической сердечной недостаточности с переходом в более высокий функциональный класс по NYHA.Результаты. Обнаружены значимые различия между группами пациентов с наличием и отсутствием госпитализаций в течение 12 мес. наблюдения по ряду эхокардиографических параметров: систолическому смещению фиброзного кольца трикуспидального клапана (TAPSE) (p = 0,017), GLS (p = 0,005) и индексу объема левого предсердия (p = 0,032). По результатам регрессионного анализа, статистически значимый вклад в вероятность госпитализаций среди оцениваемых эхокардиографических предикторов вносят TAPSE, GLS и фракция выброса левого желудочка.Заключение. Результаты исследования позволяют рассматривать отдельные эхокардиографические параметры, в частности GLS, TAPSE и индекс объема левого предсердия, в качестве предикторов госпитализаций у больных сердечной недостаточностью с сохранной фракцией выброса и СОАС

Collins and Sivers asymmetries in muonproduction of pions and kaons off transversely polarised protons

Measurements of the Collins and Sivers asymmetries for charged pions and charged and neutral kaons produced in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering of high energy muons off transversely polarised protons are presented. The results were obtained using all the available COMPASS proton data, which were taken in the years 2007 and 2010. The Collins asymmetries exhibit in the valence region a non-zero signal for pions and there are hints of non-zero signal also for kaons. The Sivers asymmetries are found to be positive for positive pions and kaons and compatible with zero otherwise. © 2015

Measurement of azimuthal hadron asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off unpolarised nucleons

Spin-averaged asymmetries in the azimuthal distributions of positive and negative hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering were measured using the CERN SPS longitudinally polarised muon beam at 160GeV/c and a 6LiD target. The amplitudes of the three azimuthal modulations cos φh, cos 2φh and sin φh were obtained binning the data separately in each of the relevant kinematic variables x, z or pTh and binning in a three-dimensional grid of these three variables. The amplitudes of the cos φh and cos 2φh modulations show strong kinematic dependencies both for positive and negative hadrons. © 2014 CERN for the benefit of the COMPASS Collaboration

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

We offer a multi-level classification of IT based on bottom to up strata distribution of techniques, tools and hardware intended to work with information depending on their degree of complexity – from the tools of human-computer communication, collection, storage, retrieval, different ways of information processing to the IT for knowledge extraction and the emergence of new information as a result of complex methods

Upgrading the ECR ion source within FAMA

Recent upgrading of the Facility for Modification and Analysis of Materials with Ion Beams - FAMA, in the Laboratory of Physics of the Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, included the modernization of its electron cyclotron resonance ion source. Since the old ion source was being extensively used for more than 15 years for production of multiply charged ions from gases and solid substances, its complete reconstruction was needed. The main goal was to reconstruct its plasma and injection chambers and magnetic structure, and thus intensify the production of multiply charged ions. Also, it was decided to refurbish its major subsystems - the vacuum system, the microwave system, the gas inlet system, the solid substance inlet system, and the control system. All these improvements have resulted in a substantial increase of ion beam currents, especially in the case of high charge states, with the operation of the ion source proven to be stable and reproducible. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III 45006