Motivational Climate Is Associated with Use of Video Games and Violence in Schoolchildren: A Structural Equation Model According to Healthy Behaviors

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to develop an explanatory model of motivational climate, problematic use of videogames, violent behaviour and victimisation in schoolchildren. The sample included 734 children aged between 10 and 12 years of age from the province of Granada (Spain). A multi-group structural equation model was used, with an excellent fit (CFI = 0.964; NFI = 0.954; IFI = 0.964; RMSEA = 0.048). The results showed a positive relationship between the problematic use of video games, victimisation and violent behaviors, associating negatively with the task climate. Likewise, the task-oriented motivational climate was indirectly related to victimisation situations and violent behavior, while the ego climate did so positively with special emphasis on children who did not perform physical activity. As a main conclusion it is shown that adherence to the practice of physical activity, and particularly within a task-oriented motivational climate, can act as a protective factor against the problematic use of video games

Perception of satisfaction from women-only public transportation

Debido a las necesidades y la inclusión de las mujeres en distintas actividades laborales, ellas deben desplazarse para realizar, entre otras actividades, trabajos redituables, crianza de los hijos, atención y cuidado de los integrantes de la familia, y en algunos casos como sostén económico. El transporte público es la forma más utilizada por las mujeres para realizar sus desplazamientos. Por lo que es necesario revisar las condiciones en que ellas efectúan sus viajes, específicamente en el transporte solo para mujeres en la Ciudad de México, cuya implementación surgió para protegerlas de las agresiones sufridas durante sus viajes en el transporte público; sin embargo existe evidencia de que ese servicio no está cumpliendo con esa finalidad. En este trabajo se reportan los resultados emanados de la aplicación de la técnica de grupos focales, que permitió obtener las percepciones de la satisfacción del servicio solo para mujeres, en relación con tres factores: disponibilidad de asientos, cobertura y agresiones sufridas. Además, se obtuvieron las emociones originadas en las mujeres ante los niveles de satisfacción del servicio y se propuso una escala para su valoración. Because of the requirements and the inclusion of women in various work activities, women must travel to meet profitable jobs, parenting, care of family members and in some cases as main source of income. Public transport is most often used by women to travel. So it is necessary to review the conditions under which women perform their trips, specifically Only-Women Transportation in Mexico City, whose implementation was created to protect women from assaults while traveling on public transport; however there is evidence that the service is not fulfilling that purpose. In this paper the results arising from the application of the technique of focus groups, which allowed to obtain the perceptions of service satisfaction for women, in relation to three factors: seat availability, coverage and aggressions. In addition, the originated emotions in women because of the levels of service satisfaction were obtained, and a scale for evaluation was proposed.

Determining the distribution of triclosan and methyl triclosan in estuarine settings

We have developed a method for the analysis of two sewage-derived contaminants: triclosan (TCS), an antibacterial agent, and methyl triclosan (MTCS), a TCS metabolite. For solid samples (4 g), extraction and cleanup were integrated into the same step using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with in-cell-clean-up (1 g of florisil). The extraction was performed using dichloromethane at 100 °C, 1500 psi and 3 static extraction cycles of 5 min each. For water samples (100 mL), stir bar sorptive extraction–liquid desorption (SBSE–LD) was used. Bars were stirred for 10 h and analytes were later desorbed using acetonitrile. Finally, MTCS and a silylated derivative of TCS were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Recovery experiments in water and sediments were performed and the results ranged from 67% to 78%. Limits of detection (LODs) were 5 ng L−1 for TCS and 1 ng L−1 for MTCS, in water samples, and 0.1 ng g−1 for TCS and MTCS in solid samples. The method was applied then to determine the levels of these compounds in the estuary of Guadalete River (SW Spain). TCS and MTCS concentrations up to 9.6 ng g−1 in sediments and 310 ng L−1 in water were measured. Their distribution was strongly influenced by the presence of wastewater sources, treated and untreated, along the sampling area, where maximum concentrations were detected. Highest values were reached in the water column during low tides as the water volume in the estuary becomes lower

Environmentally friendly analysis of emerging contaminants by pressurized hot water extraction-stir bar sorptive extraction-derivatization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

This work describes the development, optimiza- tion, and validation of a new method for the simultaneous determination of a wide range of pharmaceuticals (beta- blockers, lipid regulators ... ) and personal care products (fragrances, UV filters, phthalates ... ) in both aqueous and solid environmental matrices. Target compounds were extracted from sediments using pressurized hot water ex- traction followed by stir bar sorptive extraction. The first stage was performed at 1,500 psi during three static extrac- tion cycles of 5 min each after optimizing the extraction temperature (50 – 150 °C) and addition of organic modifiers (% methanol) to water, the extraction solvent. Next, aqueous extracts and water samples were processed using polydime- thylsiloxane bars. Several parameters were optimized for this technique, including extraction and desorption time, ionic strength, presence of organic modifiers, and pH. Fi- nally, analytes were extracted from the bars by ultrasonic irradiation using a reduced amount of solvent (0.2 mL) prior to derivatization and gas chromatography – mass spectrome- try analysis. The optimized protocol uses minimal amounts of organic solvents (<10 mL/sample) and time ( ≈ 8 h/sam- ple) compared to previous ex isting methodologies. Low standard deviation (usually below 10 %) and limits of de- tection (sub-ppb) vouch for the applicability of the method- ology for the analysis of target compounds at trace levels. Once developed, the method was applied to determin

Learning Styles in Higher Education: The use of Moodle platform

A documentary review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers concerning the study of the variables Learning Styles in Higher Education in the use of Moodle platform. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 2016-2021, achieving the identification of a total of 123 publications. The information provided by the said platform was organized through tables and figures categorizing the information by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics were described, a qualitative analysis was used to refer to the position of different authors on the proposed topic. Among the main findings of this research, it is found that Indonesia, with 12 publications, was the country with the highest scientific production registered in the name of authors affiliated with institutions of that country. The Knowledge Area that made the greatest contribution to the construction of bibliographic material referring to the study of Learning Styles in Higher Education in the use of the Moodle platform was Computer Science with 77 published documents, and the type of publication that was most used during the aforementioned period was the conference proceedings, representing 49% of the total scientific production

Planeamiento estratégico para la provincia de La Mar

El presente documento expone el plan estratégico para la provincia de La Mar en la región Ayacucho, el desarrollo de este plan ha seguido los lineamientos del modelo secuencial planteado por el profesor D’Alessio (2015). La provincia de La Mar, si bien en la actualidad su aporte el PBI nacional es muy por debajo al 0.10%, factor que corresponde a la región Ayacucho, tiene mucho potencial debido a que su posee un excelente medio ambiental para la producción de cacao fino de aroma y café de alta calidad, productos con alta demanda y buen precio en el mercado internacional; así mismo, si bien el turismo cultural no tiene mucho potencial, si lo tiene el turismo ecológico y de aventura. Cabe indicar que la provincia de La Mar tiene un territorio correspondiente el 10.68% de la región Ayacucho y más de 36 mil hectáreas para labores agrícolas y con alrededor del 71% de la población económicamente activa dedicada a esta actividad, así como logares turísticos dentro del subsector descrito con anterioridad. Teniendo en cuenta estos factores de oportunidad se ha definido objetivos de largo plazo (OLP) que permita lograr que la provincia de La Mar logre su visión para el 2018, es decir, ser reconocida como una de las cinco mejores en producción de cacao y café, y como también ser reconocida como uno de los quince destinos turísticos más importantes en el Perú; estos OLP, con meta al 2028, son los siguientes: : (a) generar USD 15 millones de dólares de ventas de cacao en productos de exportación, (b) lograr que el turismo genere USD 2 millones , (c) generar USD 10 millones en venta de café y (d) generar 40,000 empleos directos. Habiéndose definidos los OLP de la provincia, se procede a describir una serie de estrategias que fueron resultado de un análisis del potencial interno, análisis FODA, de la definición de objetivos de corto plazo y diversas políticas mediante las cuales se pueden materializar estas estrategias. Por otro lado, se han definido tableros de control que permitan llevar el control de le ejecución del plan estratégico, alineamiento y ajuste proactivo.This document presents the strategic plan for the province of La Mar in the Ayacucho region, the development of this plan has followed the guidance of the sequential model proposed by Professor D'Alessio (2015). The province of La Mar, although at this moment its contributions to the national GDP is well below 0.10% (this reason corresponds to the region of Ayacucho), has much potential because it has an excellent climatic conditions for the production of fine or flavor cocoa and high quality coffee, products with high demand and good price in the international market; likewise, although cultural tourism does not have much potential, the province has great potential for the ecological and adventure tourism. The province of La Mar has a territory corresponding to 10.68% of the Ayacucho region and more than 36 thousand hectares for agricultural work and about 71% of the economically active population. subsectors described before. According into account these opportunity factors, long-term goals (OLP) have been defined that allow La Mar province to achieve its vision by 2018, that is, to be recognized as one of the five best in the production of cocoa and coffee The most important destinations in Peru; These OLPs, with meet to 2028, are the following: (a) generate USD 15 million of sales of cocoa in export products, (b) achieve that tourism generates USD 2 million, (c) generate USD 10 million in sale of coffee and (d) generate 40,000 direct jobs. Having defined the PLOs, the document describes a series of strategies that result from an analysis of the internal potential, the SWOT analysis, the definition of short-term goals and the various policies through which these strategies can be materialized. On the other hand, you will find defined the control panels that allow to carry out the control of the execution of the strategic plan, alignment and proactive adjustment.Tesi

Decavanadate Salts of Cytosine and Metformin: A Combined Experimental-Theoretical Study of Potential Metallodrugs Against Diabetes and Cancer

Cytosine, a DNA and RNA building-block, and Metformin, the most widely prescribed drug for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus were made to react separately with ammonium or sodium metavanadates in acidic aqueous solutions to obtain two polyoxovanadate salts with a 6:1 ratio of cation-anion. Thus, compounds [HCyt]6[V10O28]·4H2O, 1 and [HMetf]6[V10O28]·6H2O, 2 (where HCyt = Cytosinium cation, [C4H6N3O]+ and HMetf = Metforminium cation, [C4H12N5]+) were obtained and characterized by elemental analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction, vibrational spectroscopy (IR and Raman), solution 51V-NMR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTGA), as well as, theoretical methods. Both compounds crystallized in P1¯ space group with Z' = 1/2, where the anionic charge of the centrosymmetric ion [V10O28]6− is balanced by six Cytosinium and six Metforminium counterions, respectively. Compound 1 is stabilized by π-π stacking interactions coming from the aromatic rings of HCyt cations, as denoted by close contacts of 3.63 Å. On the other hand, guanidinium moieties from the non-planar HMetf in Compound 2 interact with decavanadate μ2-O atoms via N−H···O hydrogen bonds. The vibrational spectroscopic data of both IR and Raman spectra show that the dominant bands in the 1000-450 cm−1 range are due to the symmetric and asymmetric ν(V−O) vibrational modes. In solution, 51V-NMR experiments of both compounds show that polyoxovanadate species are progressively transformed into the monomeric, dimeric and tetrameric oxovanadates. The thermal stability behavior suggests a similar molecular mechanism regarding the loss of water molecules and the decomposition of the organic counterions. Yet, no changes were observed in the TGA range of 540–580°C due to the stability of the [V10O28]6− fragment. Dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D) calculations were carried out to model the compounds in aqueous phase using a polarized continuum model calculation. Optimized structures were obtained and the main non-covalent interactions were characterized. Biological activities of these compounds are also under investigation. The combination of two therapeutic agents opens up a window toward the generation of potential metalopharmaceuticals with new and exciting pharmacological properties

Atmospheric pressure gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (APGC-ToF-MS) for the determination of regulated and emerging contaminants in aqueous samples after stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)

This work presents the development, optimization and validation of a multi-residue method for the simultaneous determination of 102 contaminants, including fragrances, UV filters, repellents, endocrine disruptors, biocides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and several types of pesticides in aqueous matrices. Water samples were processed using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) after the optimization of several parameters: agitation time, ionic strength, presence of organic modifiers, pH, and volume of the derivatizing agent. Target compounds were extracted from the bars by liquid desorption (LD). Separation, identification and quantification of analytes were carried out by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to time-of-flight (ToF-MS) mass spectrometry. A new ionization source, atmospheric pressure gas chromatography (APGC), was tested. The optimized protocol showed acceptable recovery percentages (50–100%) and limits of detection below 1 ng L−1 for most of the compounds. Occurrence of 21 out of 102 analytes was confirmed in several environmental aquatic matrices, including seawater, sewage effluent, river water and groundwater. Non-target compounds such as organophosphorus flame retardants were also identified in real samples by accurate mass measurement of their molecular ions using GC-APGC–ToF-MS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that this technique has been applied for the analysis of contaminants in aquatic systems. By employing lower energy than the more widely used electron impact ionization (EI), AGPC provides significant advantages over EI for those substances very susceptible to high fragmentation (e.g., fragrances, pyrethroids)

Mapping the entire functionally active endometrial microbiota

STUDY QUESTION Does endometrium harbour functionally active microorganisms and whether the microbial composition differs between proliferative and mid-secretory phases? SUMMARY ANSWER Endometrium harbours functionally alive microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, archaea and fungi whose composition and metabolic functions change along the menstrual cycle. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Resident microbes in the endometrium have been detected, where microbial dysfunction has been associated with reproductive health and disease. Nevertheless, the core microorganismal composition in healthy endometrium is not determined and whether the identified bacterial DNA sequences refer to alive/functionally active microbes is not clear. Furthermore, whether there are cyclical changes in the microbial composition remains an open issue. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data from 14 endometrial paired samples from healthy women, 7 samples from the mid-secretory phase and 7 samples from the consecutive proliferative phase were analysed for the microbial RNA sequences. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The raw RNAseq data were converted into FASTQ format using SRA Toolkit. The unmapped reads to human sequences were aligned to the reference database Kraken2 and visualised with Krona software. Menstrual phase taxonomic differences were performed by R package metagenomeSeq. The functional analysis of endometrial microbiota was obtained with HUMANn2 and the comparison between menstrual phases was conducted by one-way ANOVA. Human RNAseq analysis was performed using miARma-Seq and the functional enrichment analysis was carried out using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA; HumanCyc). The integration of metabolic pathways between host and microbes was investigated. The developed method of active microbiota mapping was validated in independent sample set. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE With the novel metatranscriptomic approach, we mapped the entire alive microbiota composing of >5300 microorganisms within the endometrium of healthy women. Microbes such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and archaea were identified. The validation of three independent endometrial samples from different ethnicity confirmed the findings. Significant differences in the microbial abundances in the mid-secretory vs. proliferative phases were detected with possible metabolic activity in the host-microbiota crosstalk in receptive phase endometrium, specifically in the prostanoid biosynthesis pathway and L-tryptophan metabolism. LARGE SCALE DATA The raw RNAseq data used in the current study are available at GEO GSE86491 and at BioProject PRJNA379542. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION These pioneering results should be confirmed in a bigger sample size. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our study confirms the presence of active microbes, bacteria, fungi, viruses and archaea in the healthy human endometrium with implications in receptive phase endometrial functions, meaning that microbial dysfunction could impair the metabolic pathways important for endometrial receptivity. The results of this study contribute to the better understanding of endometrial microbiota composition in healthy women and its possible role in endometrial functions. In addition, our novel methodological pipeline for analysing alive microbes with transcriptional and metabolic activities could serve to inspire new analysis approaches in reproductive medicine.This work is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) and European Regional Development Fund (FEDER): grants RYC-2016-21199 and ENDORE SAF2017-87526- R; FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento: MENDO (B-CTS-500-UGR18) and by the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigacio ́n 2016 - Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES) (SOMM17/6107/UGR). A.S.-L. and N.M.M. are funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PRE2018-0854409 and FPU19/01638). S.A. has received honoraria for lectures from Merck. The funder had no role in this study

Metforminium Decavanadate as a Potential Metallopharmaceutical Drug for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

New potential drugs based on vanadium are being developed as possible treatments for diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. In this regard, our working group developed metforminium decavanadate (MetfDeca), a compound with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic properties. MetfDeca was evaluated in models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, on male Wistar rats. Alloxan-induction was employed to produce DM1 model, while a hypercaloric-diet was employed to generate DM2 model. Two-month treatments with 3.7 μg (2.5 μM)/300 g/twice a week for DM2 and 7.18 μg (4.8 μM)/300 g/twice a week for DM1 of MetfDeca, respectively, were administered. The resulting pharmacological data showed nontoxicological effects on liver and kidney. At the same time, MetfDeca showed an improvement of carbohydrates and lipids in tissues and serum. MetfDeca treatment was better than the monotherapies with metformin for DM2 and insulin for DM1. Additionally, MetfDeca showed a protective effect on pancreatic beta cells of DM1 rats, suggesting a possible regeneration of these cells, since they recovered their insulin levels. Therefore, MetfDeca could be considered not only as an insulin-mimetic agent, but also as an insulin-enhancing agent. Efforts to elucidate the mechanism of action of this compound are now in progress