Post-Lie Algebras and Isospectral Flows

In this paper we explore the Lie enveloping algebra of a post-Lie algebra derived from a classical $R$-matrix. An explicit exponential solution of the corresponding Lie bracket flow is presented. It is based on the solution of a post-Lie Magnus-type differential equation

Decision Usefulness of Financial Information: the Role of Audit and Ifrs

We examine the usefulness of financial information given different circumstances, pre and post- International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption and audit quality. The usefulness of information is deduced from the association between information quality and investment efficiency. IFRS is said to promote more informative financial information and hence should increase the decision usefulness of the reported information. In practice, auditors are the center of reference in the preparation of financial report and empirical evidence shows that quality audit enhances the credibility of reported information. This study aims to examine and compare the roles of IFRS and audit quality in the association between financial information quality and investment efficiency. The results from a sample of 558 firms provide support that financial information quality is significantly related to investment efficiency indicating decision usefulness of reported information. However, despite the contention that IFRS leads to a more informative financial report, the results show that IFRS does not strengthen the relationship between information quality and investment efficiency. The result for audit quality, on the other hand, is significant indicating that reported information is more useful to decision-makers when it is audited by the quality audit firm

Phase-Mixing and Dissipation of Standing Shear Alfven waves

We study the phase mixing and dissipation of a packet of standing shear Alfv\'en waves localized in a region with non-uniform Alfv\'en background velocity. We investigate the validity of the exponential damping law in time, $\exp(-At^3)$, presented by Heyvaerts & Priest (1983) for different ranges of Lundquist, $S$, and Reynolds, $R$, numbers. Our numerical results shows that it is valid for $(R,S)\geq 10^7$.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure

Single image example-based super-resolution using cross-scale patch matching and Markov random field modelling

Example-based super-resolution has become increasingly popular over the last few years for its ability to overcome the limitations of classical multi-frame approach. In this paper we present a new example-based method that uses the input low-resolution image itself as a search space for high-resolution patches by exploiting self-similarity across different resolution scales. Found examples are combined in a high-resolution image by the means of Markov Random Field modelling that forces their global agreement. Additionally, we apply back-projection and steering kernel regression as post-processing techniques. In this way, we are able to produce sharp and artefact-free results that are comparable or better than standard interpolation and state-of-the-art super-resolution techniques

Mixable Shuffles, Quasi-shuffles and Hopf Algebras

The quasi-shuffle product and mixable shuffle product are both generalizations of the shuffle product and have both been studied quite extensively recently. We relate these two generalizations and realize quasi-shuffle product algebras as subalgebras of mixable shuffle product algebras. As an application, we obtain Hopf algebra structures in free Rota-Baxter algebras.Comment: 14 pages, no figure, references update

Consequences of AphanizomenonFlos-aquae(AFA) extract (StemtechTM) on metabolic profile of patients with type 2 diabetes

Background: Blue- green algae is one of the most nutrient dense foods which is rich in substances that have useful effects on human health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a water- soluble extract of the cyanophyta Aphanizomenon Flos-aquae (StemtechTM) as a functional supplement on CD markers, lipid profile, glucose levels as well as its side effects in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: During this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial 49 type 2 diabetic patients, aged between 20 and 60years with a HbA1C�7.5, were allocated. Patients were divided into two groups of placebo and treated with an equal ratio 1:1. The subjects in StemtechTM group received one capsule of StemFlo (508mg) before breakfast and two capsules of StemEnhance (500mg) after each meal for a period of 12weeks, and placebo group was instructed to take placebo with the same pattern. During the intervention period, subjects were asked to keep usual diet and prohibited to take any functional foods or dietary supplements. Metabolic panel has been measured as the primary outcome of study at the beginning and end of the intervention period via blood sampling. Results: StemtechTM supplementation for 12weeks decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) and Glycatedhemoglobin (HbA1c). Mean serum chemistry parameters (Triglyceride, Total Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, CRP, AST, ALT, BUN and Creatinine) as well as CD 34+, IL-6, TNF-aα in treated and control groups before and after the study showed no considerable dissimilarities. Conclusion: StemtechTM intervention brought in positive consequence on blood glucose levels in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes, consequently suggests the StemtechTM as a functional food for the management of diabetes. © 2015 Sanaei et al

Isolation of Taxol-producing endophytes fungi from Iranian yew (Taxus baccata L.)

زمینه و هدف: تاکسول یکی از مهمترین داروهای ضد سرطان و منبع اولیه تهیه آن گیاه سرخدار است و با توجه به محدود بودن تعداد این درختان جایگزینی روش های دیگر تولید به جای استخراج از پوست گیاه امری ضروری به نظر می رسد. با توجه به اینکه تاکنون تحقیقات گسترده و جامعی بر روی قارچ های تولید کننده تاکسول در داخل کشور انجام نشده، لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی روی فلور طبیعی ایران به منظور جداسازی قارچ های اندوفایت و بررسی تولید تاکسول در این قارچ ها انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی - تحلیلی نمونه های ساقه گیاهان سرخدار مناطق جنگلی شمال کشور به منظور جداسازی قارچ های اندوفایت جمـــع آوری شد. پس از استریل کردن سطحی نمونه های گیاهی، نمونه های مورد نظر بر روی محیط Potato dextrose agar کشت داده شدند. پس از گذشت چند روز قارچ های رشد یافته جداسازی شده و برای اطمینان از خلوص هر کلنی، عمل ایزوله کردن قارچ های حاصل 3 بار تکرار شد. بررسی حضور تاکسول در قارچ های اندوفایت جدا شده، بوسیله تکنیک کروماتوگرافی مایع با عملکرد بالا (HPLC) و با استفاده از ستون کروماسیل C18 انجام پذیرفت. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون آماری دانکن تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: تعداد 80 ایزوله قارچ اندوفایت از سرخدار بومی ایران جداسازی شد. بررسی های انجام شده تولید تاکسول را در 5 ایزوله جدا شده نشان داد در میان قارچ های تولید کننده تاکسول، ایزوله TbPm4 با بیشترین میزان تولید، قادر به تولید متوسط L/gµ 74/21 تاکسول بود. نتیجه گیری: جداسازی 80 ایزوله قارچ اندوفایت در این پروژه از سرخدار بومی ایران و قابلیت تولید تاکسول در 5 ایزوله جدا شده نشان داد که این ایزوله ها پتانسیل قابل قبولی جهت تولید تاکسول را دارا می باشند.