Relation Between Chiral Susceptibility and Solutions of Gap Equation in Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model

We study the solutions of the gap equation, the thermodynamic potential and the chiral susceptibility in and beyond the chiral limit at finite chemical potential in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. We give an explicit relation between the chiral susceptibility and the thermodynamic potential in the NJL model. We find that the chiral susceptibility is a quantity being able to represent the furcation of the solutions of the gap equation and the concavo-convexity of the thermodynamic potential in NJL model. It indicates that the chiral susceptibility can identify the stable state and the possibility of the chiral phase transition in NJL model.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, misprints are correcte

Heavy quarkonium: progress, puzzles, and opportunities

A golden age for heavy quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the $B$-factories and CLEO-c flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality, precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for continuing investigations. The plethora of newly-found quarkonium-like states unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such as quark-gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of c\bar{c}, b\bar{b}, and b\bar{c} bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. The intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hot- and cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark-gluon plasma studies. This review systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing directions for ongoing and future efforts.Comment: 182 pages, 112 figures. Editors: N. Brambilla, S. Eidelman, B. K. Heltsley, R. Vogt. Section Coordinators: G. T. Bodwin, E. Eichten, A. D. Frawley, A. B. Meyer, R. E. Mitchell, V. Papadimitriou, P. Petreczky, A. A. Petrov, P. Robbe, A. Vair

Middle Proterozoic Vein-hosted Gold Deposits In The Pontes E Lacerda Region, Southwestern Amazonian Craton, Brazil

Structural, geochemical, and isotope studies were carried out on the gold deposits of the Pontes e Lacerda region (Mato Grosso state, Brazil), where rocks of the Aguapei and Rondoniano mobile belts (southwestern Amazonian craton) occur. The orebodies are hosted in metavolcanic, gneiss-granite, quartzite, tonalite, and granite units. Tectonics involve oblique overthrusting (from northeast to southwest), which led to the formation of recumbent folds and thrusts (pathways for the mineralizing fluids), upright folds, and faults with dominant strike-slip component. These unconformities represent potential sites for mineralization. During geological mapping, it was observed that the orebodies consist of quartz, pyrite, and gold, and that the hydrothermal alteration zone contains quartz, sericite, pyrite (altered to limonite), and magnetite (altered to hematite). Chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite occur only in the Onça deposit. Chemical analysis of sulfides indicates high contents of Bi, Se, and Te in sulfides and gold, suggesting plutonic involvement in the origin of hydrothermal solutions. K-Ar dating of hydrothermal sericites from gold veins yielded ages in the range from 960 to 840 Ma, which may indicate the age of original crystallization of sericite. Pb-Pb dating in galenas yielded model ages in the range from 1000 to 800 Ma for the Onça deposit, which is in agreement with K-Ar ages. Pb-isotopic ratios indicate high U/Pb and low Th/Pb for the upper-crustal Pb source before incorporation in galena crystals. The Pontes e Lacerda gold deposits yielded ages correlated to the Aguapei event and probably were formed during a Proterozoic contractional tectonic period in the southwestern part of the Amazon craton, which may characterize an important metallogenic epoch in the Pontes e Lacerda region.395438448Barros, A.M., Da Silva, R.H., Cardoso, O.R.F.A., Freire, F.A., Da Souza Jr., J.J., Rivetti, M., Da Luz, D.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., (1982) Folha SD-21: Cuiabá: Brasilia, pp. 25-192. , Projeto RadamBrasilBasei, M.A.S., Siga Jr., O., Sato, K., Sproesser, W.M., A metodologia Urânio-Chumbo na Universidade de São Paulo. Princípios metodológicos, aplicações e resultados obtidos (1995) Anais Acad. Bras. Cien., 67, pp. 221-237Carneiro, M.A., Ulbrich, H.H.G.J., Kawashita, K., Proterozic crustal evolution at the southern margin of the Amazonian craton in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil: Evidence from Rb/Sr and K/Ar data (1992) Precamb. Res., 59, pp. 263-282Changkakoti, A.D.K., Krstic, D., Gray, J., Morton, R., Pb- and Sr-isotope composition of hydrothermal minerals from Great Bear Lake Silver deposit, N.W.T. (Canada) (1986) Econ. Geol., 81, pp. 739-743(1994) Tabelas de Produção Garimpeira de Ouro, , Serviço de Estatística e Análise Econômica, Distrito de Cuiabá (MT): Brasilia, Departamento Nacional da Produção Mineral, Ministério das Minas e EnergiaFerreira Filho, C.F., Bizzi, L.A., Caracterização dos cumulatos máficos granulitizados do Rio Alegre, M.T. (1985) II Simp. de Geol. Do Centro-Oeste, pp. 239-246. , Goiânia, Soc. Bras. GeolFigueiredo, A.J., Rodrigues, A.P., Pimentel, G.B., Reischl, J.L., Rezende Filho, S.T., Ribeiro Filho, W., (1974) Projeto Alto Guaporé, 4, 35p. , Goiania, DNPM/ CPRM, relatório finalGeraldes, M.C., (1996) Estudos Isotópicos e Geoquímicos Das Mineralizações Auríferas Da Região de Pontes e Lacerda, MT, 104p. , Unpubl. dissertation, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Nacional de CampinasGeraldes, M.C., Costa Neto, M.C., Aspectos preliminares sobre as mineralizações auríferas da região de Pontes e Lacerda (MT) (1994) 38 Cong. Bras. de Geol., pp. 280-281. , Camburiu, Soc. Bras. GeolGeraldes, M.C., Figueiredo, B.R., Alteraçáo hidrotermal nas rochas vulcânicas associadas às mineralizações auríferas da região de Pontes e Lacerda, MT (1996) Geochim. Bras., , in pressGeraldes, M.G., Kozuch, M., Teixeira, W., Van Schmus, R., U/Pb constraints on the origin of Mesoproterozoic granites of Pontes e Lacerda region, SW of Amazonian Craton (1997) South American Symposium on Isotope Geology, pp. 126-128. , ext. abs.: São PauloKerrich, R., Geochemical evidence on source of fluids and solutes for a shear-zone-hosted mesothermal gold deposit (1989) Mineralization and Shear Zones, pp. 207-218. , Burshal, J. T., ed., Toronto, Geol. Assoc. Can., Short Course Notes, no. 567Leite, J.A.D., Saes, G.S., Ruiz, S., Anatomia e interpretação das lavas basálticas subaquosas da Sequência Vulcano-Sedimentar Quatro Meninas, Araputanga, MT (1986) 34 Cong. Bras. de Geol., p. 99. , Bol. de Res. e Brev. Com.: Brasilia, Soc. Bras. GeolLitherland, M., Annels, R.N., Darbyshire, D.P.F., Flethcher, C.J.N., Hawkins, M.P., Klink, B.A., Mitchel, W.I., Webb, B.G., The Proterozoic eastern Bolivia and its relationship to the Andean mobile belt (1989) Precamb. Res., 43, pp. 157-174Litherland, M., Klink, B.A., Oçonnor, E.A., Pitfield, P.E.J., Andean trending mobile belt in Brazilian Shield (1985) Nature, 314, pp. 345-348Matos, J.B., (1994) Contribuiçáo à Geologia Da Parte Meridional Do Cráton Amazônico: Região Do Rio Alegre, MT, 108p. , Unpubl. dissertation, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São PauloDe Menezes, R.G., Lopes, I., Bezerra, J.R.L., (1993) Folha Pontes e Lacerda 1:100,000: Carta Geológica e Texto Explicativo, , Brasilia, CPRM-DNPMMonteiro, H., De Macedo, P.M., Da Silva, M.D., De Moraes, A.A., Marcheto, C.M.L., O greenstone belt do Alto Jauru (1986) 34 Cong. Bras. de Geol., 2, pp. 630-646. , Goiânia, Soc. Bras. GeolPinho, M.B., Fyfe, W.S., A evoluçáo do conhecimento geoquímico das vulcânicas máficas-ultramáficas toleíticas da formaçáo Mata Preta, greenstone belt do Alto Jauru, Mato Grosso (1994) 38 Cong. Bras. de Geol., 3, pp. 141-143. , Camburiu, Soc. Bras. GeolSaes, G.S., Fragoso Cesar, A.R.S., The Aguapeí basin (southwest Amazonia): A Grenville age aulacogen of the Sunsas orogen (1994) 38 Cong. Bras. de Geol., 1, pp. 207-209. , Camburiu, Soc. Bras. GeolSaes, C.S., Leite, J.A.D., Wesca, R.K., Geologia da folha Jauru (SD-21-Y-C-III): Uma síntese dos conhecimentos (1984) 33 Cong. Bras. de Geol., 5, pp. 2193-2204. , Rio de Janeiro, Soc. Bras. GeolSaes, G.S., Pinho, F.E.C., Leite, J.A.D., Coberturas metassedimentares do Proterozoico medio no sul do Craton Amazonico e suas mineralizacoes auriferas (1991) Anais, III Simp. Geol. Centro-Oeste, pp. 37-47. , Goiania, Soc. Bras. Geol., Nucleo do Centro-OesteSilva, C.G., De Lima, M.I., De Andrade, A.R.F., Issler, R.S., Guimarães, G., Leal, J.F.V., Basei, M.A.S., De Montalvão, R.M.G., (1974) Folha SB-22 (Araguaia) e Parte Da Folha SC-22 (Tocantins), 143p. , Brasilia, Projeto RadamBrasilDa Silva, C.R., Rizzoto, G.J., Província aurífera Guaporé (1994) 38 Cong. Bras. de Geol., pp. 323-325. , Camburiu, Soc. Bras. GeolSouza, N.P., Principais depósitos de ouro do estado de Mato Grosso (1988) 35 Cong. Bras. de Geol., 1, pp. 116-129Souza, E.P., Hildred, P.R., Contribuiçáo ao estudo da geologia do Grupo Aguapeí, Mato Grosso (1980) 31 Cong. Bras. de Geol., 2, pp. 587-598Stacey, J.S., Kramers, J.D., Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model (1975) Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett., 26, pp. 207-221Steiger, R.H., Jaeger, E., Subcommission on geochronology: Convention on the use of decay constants in geo- and cosmochronology (1977) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 36, pp. 359-362Toledo, F.H., (1997) Mineralização e Alteração Hidrotermal Do Depósito de Ouro Do Cabaçal, Mato Grosso, , Unpubl. dissertation, Universidade Nacional de Campinas (in prep.)Zartman, R.E., Doe, B.R., Plumbotectonics - The model (1981) Tectonophysics, 75, pp. 135-16

Loss of Chromosome 18q11.2-q12.1 Is Predictive for Survival in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treated With Bevacizumab

Stemcel biology/Regenerative medicine (incl. bloodtransfusion