In vitro anti-canine distemper virus activity of fucoidan extracted from the brown alga Cladosiphon okamuranus

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a morbillivirus related to measles virus that infects dogs and other carnivores. CDV has a significant global impact on animal health; however, there is no current antiviral treatment for CDV infection. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that sulfated polysaccharides exhibit antiviral properties both in vivo and in vitro, despite their low cytotoxicity to host cells. Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide found in the cell wall matrix of brown algae. In this study, we evaluated in vitro anti-CDV activity of fucoidan, which was derived from Cladosiphon okamuranus. Fucoidan actively inhibited CDV replication in Vero cells at a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.1 lg/ml. The derived selectivity index (SI50) was[20,000. This polysaccharide likely inhibits viral infection by interference in the early steps and by inhibiting CDV-mediated cell fusion. Fucoidan may be useful in development of pharmacological strategies to treat and control CDV infection

Efeitos de um Programa de Intervenção Baseado no Modelo Integral nas Competências Técnico-Tácticas no Futebol

Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio es comprobar los efectos de un programa de intervención basado en el modelo comprensivo sobre las habilidades técnico – tácticas en fútbol. La muestra estuvo conformada por 36 jugadores (11.1 ± 0.5 años) de dos equipos de fútbol formativo. El diseño del estudio ha sido cuasiexperimental pre – post con grupo control y el instrumento de recolección de datos utilizado fue la Herramienta Observacional de Evaluación Técnico – Táctica (HOET-T). Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó la prueba t student para muestras emparejadas y los principales resultados demuestran que el programa de intervención basado en el modelo comprensivo mejoro significativamente las habilidades técnico – tácticas de proteger el balón, recuperar el balón, avanzar hacia la meta, obstaculizar el avance hacia la meta y el juego colectivo en ofensiva con y sin balón. En conclusión, el modelo comprensivo mejora el desarrollo de habilidades técnico – tácticas individuales y colectivas en ofensiva y en defensiva contribuyendo a la adquisición de aprendizajes significativos del fútbol en los procesos de formación deportiva.Abstract: The aim of this study is to test the effects of an intervention program based on the comprehensive model on technical-tactical skills in soccer. The sample consisted of 36 players (11.1 ± 0.5 years) from two youth soccer teams. The study design was quasi-experimental pre-post with a control group and the data collection instrument used was the Observational Technical-Tactical Evaluation Tool (HOET-T). For data analysis, the t student test was used for paired samples and the main results show that the intervention program based on the comprehensive model significantly improved the technical-tactical skills of protecting the ball, recovering the ball, advancing towards the goal, hindering the advance towards the goal and collective offensive play with and without the ball. In conclusion, the comprehensive model improves the development of individual and collective technical-tactical skills in offense and defense, contributing to the acquisition of significant soccer learning in sports training processes.Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo é testar os efeitos de um programa de intervenção baseado no modelo compreensivo sobre as competências técnico-tácticas no futebol. A amostra foi constituída por 36 jogadores (11,1 ± 0,5 anos) de duas equipas de futebol juvenil. O desenho do estudo foi quasi-experimental pré-pós com um grupo de controlo e o instrumento de recolha de dados utilizado foi o Observational Technical-Tactical Evaluation Tool (HOET-T). Para a análise dos dados utilizámos o teste t student para amostras emparelhadas e os principais resultados mostram que o programa de intervenção baseado no modelo integral melhorou significativamente as competências técnico-tácticas de proteção da bola, recuperação da bola, avanço para a baliza, impedimento do avanço para a baliza e jogo coletivo ofensivo com e sem bola. Em conclusão, o modelo compreensivo melhora o desenvolvimento das capacidades técnico-tácticas individuais e colectivas no jogo ofensivo e defensivo, contribuindo para a aquisição de aprendizagens futebolísticas significativas no processo de treino desportivo

Empresas Fintech como fuente de financiamiento para las micro y pequeña empresa del rubro textil en Lima Metropolitana

The objective of this research was to establish the effect on the development of micro and small textile companies in Metropolitan Lima that use Fintech as a source of financing for the execution of their activities. The research responded to a quantitative, basic, non-experimental correlational approach. The population consisted of micro and small textile companies belonging to the jurisdiction of Metropolitan Lima that use Fintech as a source of financing; therefore, the sample consisted of 40 micro and small companies. A survey applied to the managers of these organizations was used to collect the data, which were then analyzed using SPSS statistical software for descriptive and inferential feasibility. The Chi-square parameter was used to test the study hypotheses. It was evidenced that the chi-square value takes a high value far from zero (X2=54.5), which indicates that the null hypothesis should be rejected. In addition, with an asymptotic bilateral significance, it is evident that p= 0.000 ? 0.005, which indicates that there is a relevance at the level of influence or relationship between the variables under study. Finally, this analysis allows us to conclude that: Fintech as a source of financing allows the development of micro and small textile companies in Metropolitan Lima in the execution of their activities.La presente investigación tuvo por objetivo establecer el efecto en el desarrollo de las micro y pequeñas empresas del rubro textil de Lima Metropolitana que emplean las Fintech como fuente de financiamiento para la ejecución de sus actividades. La investigación respondió a un enfoque cuantitativo, básico, no experimental correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por las micro y pequeñas empresas textiles que pertenecen a la jurisdicción de Lima Metropolitana que abordan la Fintech como fuente de financiamiento, en tal virtud la muestra estuvo conformada por 40 micro y pequeñas empresas. Se utilizó una encuesta aplicada a los directivos de dichas organizaciones para la recolección de los datos para luego ser analizados por medio del software estadístico SPSS para la viabilidad descriptiva e inferencial. Para la contrastación de hipótesis de estudio se abordó el parámetro Chi cuadrado. Se evidenció que el valor chi cuadrado toma un valor elevado alejado de cero (X2=54.5), lo que indica que la hipótesis nula debe ser rechazada. Aunado a ello con una significancia bilateral asintótica se evidencia que p= 0.000 ? 0.005 lo que indica que si existe una pertinencia a nivel de influencia o relación entre las variables de estudio. Finalmente, este análisis permite concluir que: las Fintech como fuente de financiamiento permite el desarrollo de las micro y pequeñas empresas del rubro textil de Lima Metropolitana en la ejecución de sus actividades

Dietary Fat Patterns and Outcomes in Acute Pancreatitis in Spain

Background/Objective: Evidence from basic and clinical studies suggests that unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) might be relevant mediators of the development of complications in acute pancreatitis (AP). Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze outcomes in patients with AP from regions in Spain with different patterns of dietary fat intake. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed with data from 1,655 patients with AP from a Spanish prospective cohort study and regional nutritional data from a Spanish cross-sectional study. Nutritional data considered in the study concern the total lipid consumption, detailing total saturated fatty acids, UFAs and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) consumption derived from regional data and not from the patient prospective cohort. Two multivariable analysis models were used: (1) a model with the Charlson comorbidity index, sex, alcoholic etiology, and recurrent AP; (2) a model that included these variables plus obesity. Results: In multivariable analysis, patients from regions with high UFA intake had a significantly increased frequency of local complications, persistent organ failure (POF), mortality, and moderate-to-severe disease in the model without obesity and a higher frequency of POF in the model with obesity. Patients from regions with high MUFA intake had significantly more local complications and moderate-to-severe disease; this significance remained for moderate-to-severe disease when obesity was added to the model. Conclusions: Differences in dietary fat patterns could be associated with different outcomes in AP, and dietary fat patterns may be a pre-morbid factor that determines the severity of AP. UFAs, and particulary MUFAs, may influence the pathogenesis of the severity of AP

Investigación básica experimental para la definición de los parámetros críticos en el proceso de obtención de soluciones concentradas de propóleos (SCP)

Introducción: los procesos de obtención de SCP han sido desarrollados por diferentes investigadores tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. Objetivo: definir los parámetros críticos del proceso de obtención de SCP, para incrementar el rendimiento y la calidad de este producto y sus derivados. Métodos: se utilizó el método de purificación de Pichansky, con algunas modificaciones en las siguientes variables: relación masa/volumen, concentración del etanol y el tiempo de agitación. Los materiales utilizados están avalados por el Sistema de Gestión de Calidad del Centro. Resultados: las variantes #2 y #4 del proceso de extracción, utilizadas a escala de laboratorio, son las de mejores resultados, ya que se obtuvo un rango de porcentaje sólidos totales entre un 12,4 y 14,3 %, con un rendimiento entre un 48,5 y 83,0 %; siendo seleccionada la variante #4 para elaborar los lotes experimentales a escala de reactor. Conclusiones: las variables estudiadas: tiempo de agitación, concentración de etanol y relación masa/volumen, así como el porcentaje de los sólidos totales, el porcentaje del rendimiento y las propiedades organolépticas, respondieron positivamente en las variantes #2 y #4, las cuales permitieron cumplir con los objetivos propuestos en esta investigación, y pueden emplearse en la elaboración de los lotes productivos dependiendo de la concentración de las soluciones alcohólicas de propóleos que se quieran producir.Introduction: SCP's processes of obtaining Propolis have been developed by different investigators so much nationally like international. Objective: To define SCP's critical parameters of the process of obtaining, to increment the performance and the quality of this product and his by-products. Methods: Pichansky's method of purification, with some modifications was utilized to the variables following: Relation mass/volume, concentration of ethanol and the time of agitation. The utilized materials are guaranteed for the Quality Management System of the Center. Results: The variants #2 and #4 of the process of extraction, utilized to scale of laboratory, gave better results, obtaining percentage's range solid totals between 12.4 and 14.3 %, with a performance between 48.5 and 83.0 %. Variant #4 was selected in order to make the experimental lots at reactor scale. Conclusions: the studied variables: Time agitation, concentration of ethanol and the relation mass/volume, as well as the percentage of the solid totals, the percentage of the performance and organoleptic properties, of variants #2 and #4, allowed carrying out the objectives proposed in this investigation. These variables responded positively in the variants and can be used in the elaboration of the productive lots considering the concentration of alcoholic propolis' solutions required

[Manifiesto firmado en Madrid a 24 de septiembre de 1841 por Pedro M. Ramírez y Gregorio Suárez contra un folleto publicado en Santa Cruz de Tenerife por el presbítero Valentín Martínez sobre las elecciones a diputados a Cortes]

Tít. y mención de responsabilidad tomados del propio textoDatos de imp. tomados del colofó

Caracterización fisicoquímica, actividad antioxidante y contenido de fenoles y flavonoides totales de nopal morado (Opuntia gosseliniana) en dos etapas de coloración

Nopal (Opuntia gosseliniana) is considered a food product of interest due to its functional properties, including its antioxidant activity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical-chemical properties (color, pH and total soluble solids), antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP), content of total phenols and flavonoids and betalain content of ethanolic extracts of nopal in two stages of coloration: green and purple. The highest values for total phenols and flavonoids were found in the purple samples, with values of 2.31 mg EAG/gps and 3.06 mg EQ/gps, respectively. Similarly, in the antioxidant activity (in the three techniques used) and betalain content, higher values were obtained in the purple color stage. Therefore, this species of cacti could be a potential source of antioxidants and pigments of agroindustrial interest.El nopal (Opuntia gosseliniana) es considerado un producto alimenticio de interés debido a sus propiedades funcionales, incluyendo su actividad antioxidante. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las propiedades físico-químicas (color, pH y sólidos solubles totales), actividad antioxidante (DPPH, ABTS y FRAP), contenido de fenoles y flavonoides totales y contenido de betalaínas extractos etanólicos de nopal en dos etapas de coloración: verde y morado. Los valores más altos para fenoles y flavonoides totales se encontraron en las muestras de color morado, con valores de 2.31 mg EAG/gps y 3.06 mg EQ/gps, respectivamente. De igual manera, en la actividad antioxidante se obtuvieron valores más altos en la etapa de color morado en las tres técnicas utilizadas. Por lo que, esta especie de cactácea podría ser una fuente potencial de antioxidantes y pigmentos de interés agroindustrial

A multi-stakeholder multicriteria decision analysis for the reimbursement of orphan drugs (FinMHU-MCDA study)

Background: Patient access to orphan medicinal products (OMPs) is limited and varies between countries, reimbursement decisions on OMPs are complex, and there is a need for more transparent processes to know which criteria should be considered to inform these decisions. This study aimed to determine the most relevant criteria for the reimbursement of OMPs in Spain, from a multi-stakeholder perspective, and using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA). Methods: An MCDA was developed in 3 phases and included 28 stakeholders closely related to the field of rare diseases (6 physicians, 5 hospital pharmacists, 7 health economists, 4 patient representatives and 6 members from national and regional health authorities). Initially [phase A], a bibliographic review was conducted to identify the potential reimbursement criteria. Then, a reduced advisory board (8 members) proposed, selected, and defined the final list of criteria that could be relevant for reimbursement. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) [phase B] was developed to determine the relevance and relative importance weight of such criteria according to the stakeholders’ preferences by choosing between pairs of hypothetical financing scenarios. A multinomial logit model was fitted to analyze the DCE responses. Finally [phase C], the advisory board review the results using a deliberative process. Results: Thirteen criteria were selected, related to 4 dimensions: patient population, disease, treatment, and economic evaluation. Nine criteria were deemed relevant for decision-making and associated with a higher relative importance: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) (23.53%), treatment efficacy (14.64%), availability of treatment alternatives (13.51%), disease severity (12.62%), avoided costs (11.21%), age of target population (7.75%), safety (seriousness of adverse events) (4.72%), quality of evidence (3.82%) and size of target population (3.12%). The remaining criteria had a < 3% relative importance: economic burden of disease (2.50%), cost of treatment (1.73%), cost-effectiveness (0.83%) and safety (frequency of adverse events) (0.03%). Conclusion: The reimbursement of OMPs in Spain should be determined by its effect on patient’s HRQL, the extent of its therapeutic benefit from efficacy and the availability of other therapeutic options. Furthermore, the severity of the rare disease should also influence the decision along with the potential of the treatment to avoid associated costs

Mamíferos, historia natural y colecciones

In this issue of Mammalogy Notes, we feature three notes on range extension, seven notes on natural history, and four inventories of mammals. Contributions come from Colombia, Peru, Mexico, Brazil, and Venezuela. Additionally, we include three new contributions from the special series on biological collections of Colombian mammals. In this way, Mammalogy Notes keeps growing, improving, and contributing to the knowledge of neotropical mammals.En este número de Mammalogy Notes presentamos tres notas sobre extensiones de distribución, siete notas de historia natural y cuatro inventarios de mamíferos. Las contribuciones provienen de Colombia, Perú, México, Brasil y Venezuela. Adicionalmente, incluimos tres nuevos trabajos de la serie especial sobre colecciones de mamíferos de Colombia. De esta forma Mammalogy notes continúa creciendo, mejorando y aportando al conocimiento de los mamíferos neotropicales