458 research outputs found
Insulin at 100: Indianapolis, Toronto, Woods Hole, and the "Insulin Road"
Presentation slides for lecture delivered by Kathi Badertscher, PhD (Director of Graduate Programs and Lecturer of Philanthropic Studies, Lilly Family School of Philanthropy, IUPUI) on October 10, 2022. This lecture is part of a body of new scholarship being produced globally to commemorate the discovery of insulin. Dr. Badertscher's research brings to light a new perspective on the collaboration between two North American institutions: the University of Toronto in Canada, and Eli Lilly & Company in the United States. It focuses on the collaboration’s complexities, actors who have not been examined previously, and implications for both parties and the general public.
Presentation recording available online: [LINK]https://purl.dlib.indiana.edu/iudl/media/c08h447051[/LINK]This event was sponsored by the John Shaw Billings History of Medicine Society, IU School of Medicine History of Medicine Student Interest Group, IUPUI Medical Humanities & Health Studies Program, and the Ruth Lilly Medical Library
Organized charity and the civic ideal in Indianapolis, 1879-1922
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)The Charity Organization Society of Indianapolis experienced founding, maturing, and corporate phases between 1879 and 1922. Indianapolis provided the ideal setting for the organized charity movement to flourish. Men and women innovated to act on their civic ideal to make Indianapolis a desirable city. As charity leaders applied the new techniques of scientific philanthropy, they assembled data one case at a time and based solutions to social problems on reforming individuals.
The COS enjoyed its peak influence and legitimacy between 1891 and 1911. The organization continually learned from its work and advised other charities in Indianapolis and the U.S. The connected men and women engaged in organized charity learned that it was not enough to reform every individual who came to them for help. Industrialization created new socioeconomic strata and new forms of dependence. As the COS evolved, it implemented more systemic solutions to combat illness, unemployment, and poverty.
After 1911 the COS stagnated while Indianapolis diversified economically, culturally, ethnically, and socially. The COS failed to adapt to its rapidly changing environment; it could not withstand competition, internal upheaval, specialization, and professionalization. Its general mission, to aid anyone in need, became lost in the shadow of child saving. Mid-level businessmen, corporate entities, professional social workers, service club members, and ethnic and racial minorities all participated in philanthropy. The powerful cache of social capital enervated and the civic ideal took on different dimensions. In 1922 the COS merged with other agencies to form the Family Welfare Society.
This dissertation contributes to the scholarship of charity organization societies and social welfare policy. The scientific philanthropy movement did not represent an enormous leap from neighborhood benevolence. COSs represented neither a sinister agenda nor the best system to eradicate poverty. Organized charity did not create a single response to poverty, but a series of incremental responses that evolved over more than four decades. The women of Indianapolis exhibited more agency in their charitable work than is commonly understood. Charitable actors worked to harness giving and volunteering, bring an end to misery, and make Indianapolis an ideal city
- conversion in nuclei and Z physics
Together with the existence of new neutral gauge bosons, models based on
extended gauge groups (rank ) often predict also new charged fermions. A
mixing of the known fermions with new states with {\it exotic} weak-isospin
assignments (left-handed singlets and right-handed doublets) will induce tree
level flavour changing neutral interactions mediated by exchange, while if
the mixing is only with new states with {\it ordinary} weak-isospin
assignments, the flavour changing neutral currents are mainly due to the
exchange of the lightest new neutral gauge boson . We show that the
present experimental limits on conversion in nuclei give a
nuclear-model-independent bound on the -- vertex which is twice as
strong as that obtained from . In the case of E models these
limits provide quite stringent constraints on the mass and on the
mixing angle. We point out that the proposed experiments to search
for conversion in nuclei have good chances to find evidence of lepton
flavour violation, either in the case that new exotic fermions are present at
the electroweak scale, or if a new neutral gauge boson of E
origin lighter than a few TeV exists.Comment: Plain Tex, 24 pages, + 2 PostScript figure appended after \bye (and
available upon request), UM-TH 93--08, FTUV 93-1
First operation of a liquid Argon TPC embedded in a magnetic field
We have operated for the first time a liquid Argon TPC immersed in a magnetic
field up to 0.55 T. We show that the imaging properties of the detector are not
affected by the presence of the magnetic field. The magnetic bending of the
ionizing particle allows to discriminate their charge and estimate their
momentum. These figures were up to now not accessible in the non-magnetized
liquid Argon TPC.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Chiral Prediction for the Scattering Length to Order
We evaluate the S-wave pion--nucleon scattering length in the framework
of heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory up--to--and--including terms of
order . We show that the order piece of the isovector
amplitude at threshold, , vanishes exactly. We predict for the
isovector scattering length, .Comment: 5 pp, LaTeX file, 2 figures (appended as separate compressed tar
file, amin.uu
Underground Neutrino Detectors for Particle and Astroparticle Science: the Giant Liquid Argon Charge Imaging ExpeRiment (GLACIER)
The current focus of the CERN program is the Large Hadron Collider (LHC),
however, CERN is engaged in long baseline neutrino physics with the CNGS
project and supports T2K as recognized CERN RE13, and for good reasons: a
number of observed phenomena in high-energy physics and cosmology lack their
resolution within the Standard Model of particle physics; these puzzles include
the origin of neutrino masses, CP-violation in the leptonic sector, and baryon
asymmetry of the Universe. They will only partially be addressed at LHC. A
positive measurement of would certainly give a
tremendous boost to neutrino physics by opening the possibility to study CP
violation in the lepton sector and the determination of the neutrino mass
hierarchy with upgraded conventional super-beams. These experiments (so called
``Phase II'') require, in addition to an upgraded beam power, next generation
very massive neutrino detectors with excellent energy resolution and high
detection efficiency in a wide neutrino energy range, to cover 1st and 2nd
oscillation maxima, and excellent particle identification and
background suppression. Two generations of large water Cherenkov
detectors at Kamioka (Kamiokande and Super-Kamiokande) have been extremely
successful. And there are good reasons to consider a third generation water
Cherenkov detector with an order of magnitude larger mass than Super-Kamiokande
for both non-accelerator (proton decay, supernovae, ...) and accelerator-based
physics. On the other hand, a very massive underground liquid Argon detector of
about 100 kton could represent a credible alternative for the precision
measurements of ``Phase II'' and aim at significantly new results in neutrino
astroparticle and non-accelerator-based particle physics (e.g. proton decay).Comment: 31 pages, 14 figure
Searching for energetic cosmic axions in a laboratory experiment: testing the PVLAS anomaly
Astrophysical sources of energetic gamma rays provide the right conditions
for maximal mixing between (pseudo)scalar (axion-like) particles and photons if
their coupling is as strong as suggested by the PVLAS claim. This is
independent of whether or not the axion interaction is standard at all energies
or becomes supressed in the extreme conditions of the stellar interior. The
flux of such particles through the Earth could be observed using a metre long,
Tesla strength superconducting solenoid thus testing the axion interpretation
of the PVLAS anomaly. The rate of events in CAST caused by axions from the Crab
pulsar is also estimated for the PVLAS-favoured parameters.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figur
DM: a ton-scale LAr detector for direct Dark Matter searches
The Argon Dark Matter (ArDM-1t) experiment is a ton-scale liquid argon (LAr) double-phase time projection chamber designed for direct Dark Matter searches. Such a device allows to explore the low energy frontier in LAr with a charge imaging detector. The ionization charge is extracted from the liquid into the gas phase and there amplified by the use of a Large Electron Multiplier in order to reduce the detection threshold. Direct detection of the ionization charge with fine spatial granularity, combined with a measurement of the amplitude and time evolution of the associated primary scintillation light, provide powerful tools for the identification of WIMP interactions against the background due to electrons, photons and possibly neutrons if scattering more than once. A one ton LAr detector is presently installed on surface at CERN to fully test all functionalities and it will be soon moved to an underground location. We will emphasize here the lessons learned from such a device for the design of a large LAr TPC for neutrino oscillation, proton decay and astrophysical neutrinos searches
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