Spacecraft attitude pointing performance during orbit adjust as a function of compensator order

A steady state compensator of specified order is proposed to estimate the required duty cycle needed to balance the distribution torque. The compensator was increased gradually to demonstrate the improvement in pointing accuracy. The basic mathematical model of the flexible spacecraft and sensor used to characterize the performance of the compensator are described

Does truth matter to voters? The effects of correcting political misinformation in an Australian sample

In the 'post-truth era', political fact-checking has become an issue of considerable significance. A recent study in the context of the 2016 US election found that fact-checks of statements by Donald Trump changed participants' beliefs about those statements-regardless of whether participants supported Trump-but not their feelings towards Trump or voting intentions. However, the study balanced corrections of inaccurate statements with an equal number of affirmations of accurate statements. Therefore, the null effect of fact-checks on participants' voting intentions and feelings may have arisen because of this artificially created balance. Moreover, Trump's statements were not contrasted with statements from an opposing politician, and Trump's perceived veracity was not measured. The present study (N = 370) examined the issue further, manipulating the ratio of corrections to affirmations, and using Australian politicians (and Australian participants) from both sides of the political spectrum. We hypothesized that fact-checks would correct beliefs and that fact-checks would affect voters' support (i.e. voting intentions, feelings and perceptions of veracity), but only when corrections outnumbered affirmations. Both hypotheses were supported, suggesting that a politician's veracity does sometimes matter to voters. The effects of fact-checking were similar on both sides of the political spectrum, suggesting little motivated reasoning in the processing of fact-checks. Keywords: voting behaviour; fact-checking; political attitudes; misconceptions; misinformation; belief chang

Industrial Relations bei Genossenschaften

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, D-21400 Kiel A 215147 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Zur Wirksamkeit der Aufsichtsratskontrolle bei eingetragenen Genossenschaften: Vortrags- und Diskussionsveranstaltung am 8. Juli 1994 in Marburg

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel A 203442 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

The delta-snook ankle ligament reconstruction for combined deltoid insufficiency and lateral ankle instability

Background: Ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries amongst the general population and affect all spectrums of activity levels. While the anterior talofibular and calcaneal fibular ligaments are most prevalently injured during sprains there are instances when chronic lateral ankle instability leads to rotational ankle instability and attenuate the deltoid ligament. The few literature that exists concerning lateral and medial ankle ligament reconstruction focus on an arthroscopic approach. Aim: The goal of this current work is to describe a novel open surgical reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligaments and anterior deltoid through a coupled repair. Surgical Technique: A singular semitendinosus allograft is utilized to reconstruct the anterior deltoid, anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular ligaments. Canals are reamed for anchoring of the allograft through the medial malleolus, anterior talar body, distal fibula, and midline calcaneus. The anterior talar body, distal fibula and midline calcaneus are reamed fully to allow for pull through technique of the allograft. The medial malleolus and talar neck are anchored first, followed by the anterior fibula, and lastly the lateral calcaneus. All anchoring is performed with the ankle in a neutral position. Conclusion: This work successfully describes a novel open surgical reconstruction of the lateral collateral ligaments and anterior deltoid through a coupled repair. This technique affords the surgeon greater control over the final product and allows for a repair in a neutral position. The semitendinosus allograft also allows for a more anatomic repair with less incidence of stiffening at the ankle joint. The authors’ have noted good results and return to full activity for the patients that have undergone this procedure

Periarticular opening wedge osteotomy for severe valgus deformity and associated rearfoot tarsal coalitions

Severe valgus hindfoot deformity associated with multiple rearfoot coalitions is challenging from a reconstructive standpoint. Valgus heel deformity is commonly corrected with medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy (MDCO) but the degree of correction is limited to what soft tissue mobility and bone overlap allows. The lateral opening wedge osteotomy with allograft is common for large valgus deformity and avoids the bone overlap challenges associated with MDCO. Soft tissue closure over a large graft wedge is the primary limiting factor regarding upper limits of deformity correction. Changing the osteotomy site from posterior tuberosity to the midcalcaneal, periarticular location can theoretically change the lever arm to provide adequate correction despite a smaller graft width, but there is no current medical literature to guide the surgeon with patient selection or surgical technique. A patient with talocalcaneal and naviculocuneiform coalitions and rigid rearfoot valgus deformity was treated with opening wedge midcalcaneal osteotomy and naviculocuneiform fusion after initial stage 1 total ankle arthroplasty. The periarticular opening wedge osteotomy offers a more anteriorly based osteotomy which translates to a longer lever arm, thus achieving deformity correction with use of a smaller bone graft and decreases concerns for soft tissue closure and healing. This report will focus on patient selection including expanded indications, adjunctive procedures, surgical pearls, and postoperative care

Glycan-Induced Protein Dynamics in Human Norovirus P Dimers Depend on Virus Strain and Deamidation Status

Noroviruses are the major cause of viral gastroenteritis and re-emerge worldwide every year, with GII.4 currently being the most frequent human genotype. The norovirus capsid protein VP1 is essential for host immune response. The P domain mediates cell attachment via histo blood-group antigens (HBGAs) in a strain-dependent manner but how these glycan-interactions actually relate to cell entry remains unclear. Here, hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) is used to investigate glycan-induced protein dynamics in P dimers of different strains, which exhibit high structural similarity but different prevalence in humans. While the almost identical strains GII.4 Saga and GII.4 MI001 share glycan-induced dynamics, the dynamics differ in the emerging GII.17 Kawasaki 308 and rare GII.10 Vietnam 026 strain. The structural aspects of glycan binding to fully deamidated GII.4 P dimers have been investigated before. However, considering the high specificity and half-life of N373D under physiological conditions, large fractions of partially deamidated virions with potentially altered dynamics in their P domains are likely to occur. Therefore, we also examined glycan binding to partially deamidated GII.4 Saga and GII.4 MI001 P dimers. Such mixed species exhibit increased exposure to solvent in the P dimer upon glycan binding as opposed to pure wildtype. Furthermore, deamidated P dimers display increased flexibility and a monomeric subpopulation. Our results indicate that glycan binding induces strain-dependent structural dynamics, which are further altered by N373 deamidation, and hence hint at a complex role of deamidation in modulating glycan-mediated cell attachment in GII.4 strains