5 research outputs found
Complement a la note d'ingenierie radioelectrique de l'IRT 1500
SIGLECNRS RP 252 (360) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc
Exploration fonctionnelle respiratoire : explorer lâenfant
International audienceIn paediatrics, the pulmonary function test (PFT) is most often performed to support the diagnosis or in follow-up of asthma patients. Whatever the pathology responsible for respiratory symptoms and/or functional impairment, repeated PFTs make it possible to establish a prognosis (pulmonary function trajectoriesâŠ) and to orient preventive interventions. PFT can be performed routinely from the age of three years, provided that the following requirements are met: suitable techniques and equipment, staff trained to apply the techniques and to receive young children, reference values for each technique indicating the limits of normal values and of between-test significant variation. From the age of three, children can be subjected to tidal breathing measurement of: resistance of the respiratory system (oscillometry, Rrs; airflow interruption, Rint) or of airways specific resistance (sRaw) and functional residual capacity (by applying a dilution technique). With maturity, the child will become capable of mobilizing his or her slow vital capacity to measure total lung capacity (TLC), once again by applying a dilution technique, then later by breathing against a closed shutter (plethysmography TLC and Raw). Finally, the child will be able to carry out forced expiration (forced spirometry) along with all of the other PFTs. It is important to take into account the paediatric adaptations specified in the international recommendations regarding the performance, reproducibility and quality of PFTs targeting this population.Lâexploration fonctionnelle respiratoire (EFR) de lâenfant est le plus souvent rĂ©alisĂ©e pour Ă©tayer le diagnostic ou participer au suivi dâun asthme. Quelle que soit la pathologie respiratoire motivant lâEFR, sa rĂ©pĂ©tition permet dâĂ©tablir un pronostic (trajectoires) et de rĂ©sistance guider les actions de prĂ©vention. Une EFR est rĂ©alisable en routine dĂšs lâĂąge de 3 ans sous rĂ©serve de disposer : de techniques et matĂ©riels de mesure adaptĂ©s, dâun personnel formĂ© Ă ces techniques et Ă lâaccueil des jeunes enfants, de normes pour chaque technique avec les limites de la normale et celles de la variation significative. DĂšs cet Ăąge, lâenfant peut rĂ©aliser en volume courant des mesures : de rĂ©sistance du systĂšme respiratoire (par oscillomĂ©trie, Rrs, ou interruption du dĂ©bit, Rint) ou spĂ©cifique des voies aĂ©riennes (sRaw), du volume de repos par une technique de dilution. Avec la maturitĂ© deviendront possible la mobilisation de la capacitĂ© vitale lente et donc de capacitĂ© pulmonaire totale (CPT) en dilution, puis des respirations contre une valve fermĂ©e (CPT en plĂ©thysmographie, Raw), et enfin lâexpiration forcĂ©e (spiromĂ©trie forcĂ©e) et toutes les autres mesures de fonction respiratoire. Il faut appliquer les amĂ©nagements pĂ©diatriques des recommandations internationales concernant la rĂ©alisation, la reproductibilitĂ© et la qualitĂ© des mesures dâEFR