Specific gravity and shrinkage of wood of three species of eucalypts for furniture

A utiliza\ue7\ue3o da madeira de \ue1rvores de esp\ue9cies de reflorestamento pela ind\ufastria moveleira tem apresentado tend\ueancia de crescimento nos \ufaltimos anos. Nesse sentido, no presente trabalho foram determinadas a massa espec\uedfica b\ue1sica e varia\ue7\ue3o dimensional da madeira de \ue1rvores de Eucalyptus grandis , Eucalyptus dunnii e Eucalyptus urophylla , de 18 anos, para a aplica\ue7\ue3o como componentes de madeira maci\ue7a em movelaria. Os ensaios laboratoriais para a avalia\ue7\ue3o da massa espec\uedfica b\ue1sica e da varia\ue7\ue3o dimensional da madeira nos sentidos radial e longitudinal do tronco das \ue1rvores de eucaliptos foram realizados de acordo com a NBR 7190/96. Os resultados da an\ue1lise da madeira das esp\ue9cies de eucalipto foram submetidos ao Teste de Homogeneidade, An\ue1lise de Vari\ue2ncia, Teste de Tukey e Correla\ue7\ue3o de Pearson e comparados com o desempenho da madeira de sucupira ( Bowdichia nitida ) e de cumaru ( Dipteryx odorata ) utilizadas na ind\ufastria moveleira. Verificou-se para a madeira de Eucalyptus grandis menor valor de varia\ue7\ue3o dimensional, sendo a mais indicada para componentes de m\uf3veis que exigem elevada estabilidade dimensional, al\ue9m de pe\ue7as de maior superf\uedcie. A madeira dessa esp\ue9cie apresentou \uedndice de varia\ue7\ue3o dimensional compat\uedvel com o de esp\ue9cies nativas utilizadas na ind\ufastria moveleira. Verificou-se, ainda, varia\ue7\ue3o radial das propriedades da madeira, com alta correla\ue7\ue3o entre a massa espec\uedfica b\ue1sica e a varia\ue7\ue3o dimensional. No sentido longitudinal, a base do tronco das \ue1rvores de eucalipto mostrou-se com a regi\ue3o de madeira de maior estabilidade dimensional.The utilization of wood from reforested species by the furniture industry is a recent trend. Thus, the present study determined the specific gravity and shrinkage of wood of 18-year-old Eucalyptus grandis , Eucalyptus dunnii and Eucalyptus urophylla , for use as components in solid wood furniture making. The tests to evaluate the specific gravity and shrinkage of wood in the radial and axial variation of the eucalyptus trees were performed according to NBR 7190/96. The results of the analysis of wood from eucalypt species were subjected to the Homogeneity Test, ANOVA, Tukey and Pearson correlation and compared to the performance of sucupira wood ( Bowdichia nitida ) and cumaru wood ( Dipteryx odorata ), often used in the furniture industry. The following results were found: Eucalyptus grandis had a lower value of shrinkage, being more suitable for furniture components that require high dimensional stability, as well as parts of larger surface. The wood of this species showed a rate of dimensional variation compatible with the native species used in the furniture industry. The radial variation of the wood was also verified, and a high correlation between specific gravity and shrinkage was found. Longitudinally, the base of the trunk of the eucalyptus trees was shown to be the region of greatest dimensional stability

Coprodução de hormônio do crescimento e prolactina em paciente com sela túrcica parcialmente vazia primária: relato de caso

Introduction: The empty sella syndrome is a neuroradiological diagnosis that shows pituitary gland reduction or flattening, with a prevalence of around 8% to 35% in general population. Objective: We report a case in which there is an association between partial primary empty sella syndrome and high levels of growth hormone and prolactin. Methods: A 67-year-old man, from Coronel Mota Hospital, Boa Vista / RR, with no specific complaints, was referred to the Endocrinology ambulatory to investigate a modification in sella area. After anamnesis and physical examination, acromegaly research began. Pituitary hormones and magnetic resonance imaging of the sella turcica with contrast were requested. Results: General physical examination revealed acromegalic face, nasal enlargement, macroglossia and frontal cutis verticis gyrata. Radiological examination showed partial empty sella. Laboratory evaluation confirmed the clinical suspicion of acromegaly and revealed hyperprolactinemia presence. It was decided to treat the patient with cabergoline 1.5 mg / week and to refer him to a center specialized in neuroendocrinology. Conclusion: This report shows a case of partial primary empty sella and co-production of growth hormone and prolactin, making this association interesting, since somatotropinomas are mostly (80%) macroadenomas. In addition, the underdiagnosis of acromegaly is highlighted, since the symptoms are nonspecific and insidious, leading to high morbidity and mortality and reduction of the affected patients life expectancy.Introdução: A síndrome da sela túrcica vazia é um diagnóstico neurorradiológico que evidencia a redução ou o achatamento da glândula pituitária, com prevalência em torno de 8 a 35% na população geral. Objetivo: Este estudo de caso relata a associação entre sela túrcica parcialmente vazia primária e elevados níveis de hormônio do crescimento e prolactina. Métodos: Homem de 67 anos, proveniente do hospital Coronel Mota, Boa Vista/RR, sem queixas específicas, encaminhado ao ambulatório de Endocrinologia para investigação de alteração em região selar. Após realização de anamnese e exame físico, iniciou-se investigação de acromegalia. Foram solicitados basais hipofisários e ressonância magnética de sela túrcica com contraste. Resultados: O exame físico geral evidenciou fácies acromegálica, alargamento nasal, macroglossia e cutis verticis gyrata frontal. O exame radiológico demonstrou sela túrcica parcialmente vazia. A avaliação laboratorial confirmou a suspeita clínica de acromegalia e revelou a presença de hiperprolactinemia. Optou-se por tratar o paciente com cabergolina 1.5mg/semana e encaminhá-lo para centro especializado em neuroendocrinologia. Conclusão: Este relato mostra um caso de sela parcialmente vazia primária e coprodução de hormônio do crescimento e prolactina, tornando esta associação interessante, uma vez que somatotropinomas são em sua maioria (80%) macroadenomas. Além disso, ressalta-se para o subdiagnóstico da acromegalia, uma vez que os sintomas são inespecíficos e insidiosos, acarretando elevada morbimortalidade e redução da expectativa de vida dos pacientes acometidos

Reversible inhibition of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in epithelial cells due to stimulation of P2X4 receptors

Bacterial infections of the mucosal epithelium are a major cause of human disease. The prolonged presence of microbial pathogens stimulates inflammation of the local tissues, which leads to changes in the molecular composition of the extracellular milieu. A well-characterized molecule that is released to the extracellular milieu by stressed or infected cells is extracellular ATP and its ecto-enzymatic degradation products, which function as signaling molecules through ligation of purinergic receptors. There has been little information, however, on the effects of the extracellular metabolites on bacterial growth in inflamed tissues. Millimolar concentrations of ATP have been previously shown to inhibit irreversibly bacterial infection through ligation of P2X7 receptors. We show here that the proinflammatory mediator, ATP, is released from Chlamydia trachomatis-infected epithelial cells. Moreover, further stimulation of the infected cells with micromolar extracellular ADP or ATP significantly impairs the growth of the bacteria, with a profile characteristic of the involvement of P2X4 receptors. A specific role for P2X4 was confirmed using cells overexpressing P2X4. The chlamydiae remain viable and return to normal growth kinetics after removal of the extracellular stimulus, similar to responses previously described for persistence of chlamydial infection

PET-Saúde Interprofissionalidade: experiência de interconsultas

Introdução: O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) visa fortalecer a parceria entre o ensino e o serviço. Na sua última edição o programa traz como tema central a Interprofissionalidade, atendendo ao chamado da Organização Mundial de Saúde para implementar a educação interprofissional (EIP) como ferramenta essencial para o desenvolvimento e fortalecimento da força de trabalho na saúde, contribuindo para a redução de muitos desafios enfrentados pelos sistemas de saúde no mundo. Nesse sentido, o PET-Saúde constitui-se uma estratégia de indução de mudanças no processo de formação profissional, possibilitando a identificação de necessidades frequentes vivenciadas no serviço de saúde. A EIP ocorre quando duas ou mais profissões aprendem sobre os outros, com os outros e entre si para uma colaboração mútua e melhoria dos resultados em saúde1. Objetivo: O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar a experiência vivenciada por um grupo de acadêmicos da área da saúde, participantes do PET–Saúde Interprofissionaldiade, sobre a simulação da realização de interconsultas. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a preparação para a realização de interconsultas, realizado por acadêmicos de enfermagem, fisioterapia, medicina, nutrição, psicologia e farmácia de variados semestres, juntamente com seus preceptores e tutores, durante o mês de agosto de 2019. Inicialmente, foram desenvolvidos os materiais físicos que iriam compor o prontuário interprofissional e subsidiar as consultas. Para o atendimento na atenção primária o grupo julgou necessário a elaboração de uma ficha de caracterização do sujeito, genograma, ecomapa e a classificação internacional de funcionalidade (CIF). Posteriormente os membros forma divididos em dois grupos (1 e 2). Resultados: O grupo 1 realizou a vivência de uma interconsulta através de simulação com paciente standartizado, enquanto o grupo 2 observou a condução do grupo 1. Após o atendimento todos os membros de ambos os grupos discutiram os aspectos positivos da interconsulta e os aspectos a serem melhorados sob a ótica das práticas colaborativas. O exercício dessa atividade possibilitou aos acadêmicos uma reflexão da importância e desafios do trabalho em equipe, desde a construção do prontuário interprofissional até a realização do atendimento. A dificuldade da realização da interconsulta está relacionada à complexidade dos saberes das diversas profissões em saúde, principalmente por não haver conhecimento sobre as práticas comuns e colaborativas entre os profissionais. Considerações Finais: Dessa forma, a partir da experiência do treino da interconsulta, evidencia-se a importância dos profissionais de saúde terem contato com profissões colegas e aprenderam a trabalhar em equipe, desde a graduação, para prestar um atendimento mais eficaz e de qualidade aos pacientes, principalmente no Sistema Único de Saúde. Palavras-chave: Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente. Práticas Interdisciplinares. Ensino

Diverse Macrophage Populations Contribute to the Inflammatory Microenvironment in Premalignant Lesions During Localized Invasion.

Myeloid cell heterogeneity remains poorly studied in breast cancer, and particularly in premalignancy. Here, we used single cell RNA sequencing to characterize macrophage diversity in mouse pre-invasive lesions as compared to lesions undergoing localized invasion. Several subpopulations of macrophages with transcriptionally distinct profiles were identified, two of which resembled macrophages in the steady state. While all subpopulations expressed tumor-promoting genes, many of the populations expressed pro-inflammatory genes, differing from reports in tumor-associated macrophages. Gene profiles of the myeloid cells were similar between early and late stages of premalignancy, although expansion of some subpopulations occurred. These results unravel macrophage heterogeneity in early progression and may provide insight into early intervention strategies that target macrophages

Testing synchrotron models and frequency resolution in BINGO 21 cm simulated maps using GNILC

To recover the 21 cm hydrogen line, it is essential to separate the cosmological signal from the much stronger foreground contributions at radio frequencies. The BINGO radio telescope is designed to measure the 21 cm line and detect BAOs using the intensity mapping technique. This work analyses the performance of the GNILC method, combined with a power spectrum debiasing procedure. The method was applied to a simulated BINGO mission, building upon previous work from the collaboration. It compares two different synchrotron emission models and different instrumental configurations, in addition to the combination with ancillary data to optimize both the foreground removal and recovery of the 21 cm signal across the full BINGO frequency band, as well as to determine an optimal number of frequency bands for the signal recovery. We have produced foreground emissions maps using the Planck Sky Model, the cosmological Hi emission maps are generated using the FLASK package and thermal noise maps are created according to the instrumental setup. We apply the GNILC method to the simulated sky maps to separate the Hi plus thermal noise contribution and, through a debiasing procedure, recover an estimate of the noiseless 21 cm power spectrum. We found a near optimal reconstruction of the Hi signal using a 80 bins configuration, which resulted in a power spectrum reconstruction average error over all frequencies of 3%. Furthermore, our tests showed that GNILC is robust against different synchrotron emission models. Finally, adding an extra channel with CBASS foregrounds information, we reduced the estimation error of the 21 cm signal. The optimisation of our previous work, producing a configuration with an optimal number of channels for binning the data, impacts greatly the decisions regarding BINGO hardware configuration before commissioning.Comment: Submitted to A&

Differential brain and spinal cord cytokine and BDNF levels in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are modulated by prior and regular exercise

The interactions between a prior program of regular exercise and the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-mediated responses were evaluated. in the exercised EAE mice, although there was no effect on infiltrated cells, the cytokine and derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were altered, and the clinical score was attenuated. Although, the cytokine levels were decreased in the brain and increased in the spinal cord, BDNF was elevated in both compartments with a tendency of lesser demyelization volume in the spinal cord of the exercised EAE group compared with the unexercised. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)NIHUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Fisiol & Biofis, Nucleo Neurociencias, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilMinist Educ Brazil, CAPES Fdn, Programa Pos Grad Ciencias Biol Fisiol Farmacol, BR-70040020 Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Patol, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bioquim & Imunol, Lab Venenos & Toxinas Anim, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami Project Cure Paralysis, Miami, FL 33136 USALa Trobe Univ, Dept Biochem, Bundoora, Vic 3086, AustraliaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04023062 São Paulo, BrazilCAPES: BEX 0020/12-5NIH: NS051709NIH: NS065479FAPEMIG: CBB-APQ-01459-10FAPEMIG: PPM-00200-12Web of Scienc

Characterization of Gene Expression Signatures for the Identification of Cellular Heterogeneity in the Developing Mammary Gland.

The developing mammary gland depends on several transcription-dependent networks to define cellular identities and differentiation trajectories. Recent technological advancements that allow for single-cell profiling of gene expression have provided an initial picture into the epithelial cellular heterogeneity across the diverse stages of gland maturation. Still, a deeper dive into expanded molecular signatures would improve our understanding of the diversity of mammary epithelial and non-epithelial cellular populations across different tissue developmental stages, mouse strains and mammalian species. Here, we combined differential mammary gland fractionation approaches and transcriptional profiles obtained from FACS-isolated mammary cells to improve our definitions of mammary-resident, cellular identities at the single-cell level. Our approach yielded a series of expression signatures that illustrate the heterogeneity of mammary epithelial cells, specifically those of the luminal fate, and uncovered transcriptional changes to their lineage-defined, cellular states that are induced during gland development. Our analysis also provided molecular signatures that identified non-epithelial mammary cells, including adipocytes, fibroblasts and rare immune cells. Lastly, we extended our study to elucidate expression signatures of human, breast-resident cells, a strategy that allowed for the cross-species comparison of mammary epithelial identities. Collectively, our approach improved the existing signatures of normal mammary epithelial cells, as well as elucidated the diversity of non-epithelial cells in murine and human breast tissue. Our study provides a useful resource for future studies that use single-cell molecular profiling strategies to understand normal and malignant breast development

The BINGO Project VI: HI Halo Occupation Distribution and Mock Building

BINGO (Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations.) is a radio telescope designed to survey from 980 MHz to 1260 MHz, observe the neutral Hydrogen (HI) 21-cm line and detect BAO (Baryon Acoustic Oscillation) signal with Intensity Mapping technique. Here we present our method to generate mock maps of the 21-cm Intensity Mapping signal covering the BINGO frequency range and related test results. (Abridged)Comment: 16 pages, 20 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in A&

High-resolution genetic map and QTL analysis of growth-related traits of Hevea brasiliensis cultivated under suboptimal temperature and humidity conditions

Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) cultivation is the main source of natural rubber worldwide and has been extended to areas with suboptimal climates and lengthy drought periods; this transition affects growth and latex production. High-density genetic maps with reliable markers support precise mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL), which can help reveal the complex genome of the species, provide tools to enhance molecular breeding, and shorten the breeding cycle. In this study, QTL mapping of the stem diameter, tree height, and number of whorls was performed for a full-sibling population derived from a GT1 and RRIM701 cross. A total of 225 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 186 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used to construct a base map with 18 linkage groups and to anchor 671 SNPs from genotyping by sequencing (GBS) to produce a very dense linkage map with small intervals between loci. The final map was composed of 1,079 markers, spanned 3,779.7 cM with an average marker density of 3.5 cM, and showed collinearity between markers from previous studies. Significant variation in phenotypic characteristics was found over a 59-month evaluation period with a total of 38 QTLs being identified through a composite interval mapping method. Linkage group 4 showed the greatest number of QTLs (7), with phenotypic explained values varying from 7.67 to 14.07%. Additionally, we estimated segregation patterns, dominance, and additive effects for each QTL. A total of 53 significant effects for stem diameter were observed, and these effects were mostly related to additivity in the GT1 clone. Associating accurate genome assemblies and genetic maps represents a promising strategy for identifying the genetic basis of phenotypic traits in rubber trees. Then, further research can benefit from the QTLs identified herein, providing a better understanding of the key determinant genes associated with growth of Hevea brasiliensis under limiting water conditions