1,113 research outputs found
IFNL4 ss469415590 polymorphism is associated with unfavourable clinical and immunological status in HIV-infected individuals
AbstractThe IFNL4 ss469415590 polymorphism, in high linkage disequilibrium with the IL28B rs12979860 variant, has been associated with hepatitis C virus clearance. We evaluated whether ss469415590 is associated with clinical and immunovirological parameters in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects. We found an independent association of the IFNL4 ss469415590 polymorphism with higher prevalence of AIDS-defining illnesses and lower CD4 T cell numbers. These results suggest the existence of common host defence mechanisms against different viral infections
Fish Farms at Sea: The Ground Truth from Google Earth
In the face of global overfishing of wild-caught seafood, ocean fish farming has augmented the supply of fresh fish to western markets and become one of the fastest growing global industries. Accurate reporting of quantities of wild-caught fish has been problematic and we questioned whether similar discrepancies in data exist in statistics for farmed fish production. In the Mediterranean Sea, ocean fish farming is prevalent and stationary cages can be seen off the coasts of 16 countries using satellite imagery available through Google Earth. Using this tool, we demonstrate here that a few trained scientists now have the capacity to ground truth farmed fish production data reported by the Mediterranean countries. With Google Earth, we could examine 91% of the Mediterranean coast and count 248 tuna cages (circular cages >40 m diameter) and 20,976 other fish cages within 10 km offshore, the majority of which were off Greece (49%) and Turkey (31%). Combining satellite imagery with assumptions about cage volume, fish density, harvest rates, and seasonal capacity, we make a conservative approximation of ocean-farmed finfish production for 16 Mediterranean countries. Our overall estimate of 225,736 t of farmed finfish (not including tuna) in the Mediterranean Sea in 2006 is only slightly more than the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization reports. The results demonstrate the reliability of recent FAO farmed fish production statistics for the Mediterranean as well as the promise of Google Earth to collect and ground truth data
The role of statins on helicobacter pylori eradication: Results from the european registry on the management of h. pylori (hp-eureg)
Statins could increase the effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies due to their anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of this therapeutic association in real life. This is a multicenter, prospective, non-interventional study aimed at evaluating the management of H. pylori by European gastroenterologists. Patients were registered in an e-CRF by AEG-REDCap from 2013 to 2020. The association between statin use and H. pylori eradication effectiveness was evaluated through multivariate analysis. Overall, 9988 and 705 patients received empirical and culture-guided treatment, respectively. Overall, statin use was associated with higher effectiveness in the empirical group (OR = 1.3; 95%CI = 1.1-1.5), but no association was found with first-line treatment effectiveness (N = 7738); as an exception, statin use was specifically associated with lower effectiveness of standard triple therapy (OR = 0.76; 95%CI = 0.59-0.99). In the rescue therapy empirical group (N = 2228), statins were associated with higher overall effectiveness (OR = 1.9; 95%CI = 1.4-2.6). However, sub-analyses by treatment schemes only confirmed this association for the single-capsule bismuth quadruple therapy (OR = 2.8; 95%CI = 1.3-5.7). No consistent association was found between statin use and H. pylori therapy effectiveness. Therefore, the addition of statins to the usual H. pylori treatment cannot be currently recommended to improve cure rates. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland
Measurement of the ppbar to ttbar production cross section at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV in the fully hadronic decay channel
A measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in proton
anti-proton collisions at an interaction energy of sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV is
presented. This analysis uses 405 pb-1 of data collected with the D0 detector
at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. Fully hadronic ttbar decays with final
states of six or more jets are separated from the multijet background using
secondary vertex tagging and a neural network. The ttbar cross section is
measured as sigma(ttbar)=4.5 -1.9 +2.0 (stat) -1.1 +1.4 (syst) +/- 0.3 (lumi)
pb for a top quark mass of m(t) = 175 GeV/c^2.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Measurement of the B0_s semileptonic branching ratio to an orbitally excited D_s** state, Br(B0_s -> Ds1(2536) mu nu)
In a data sample of approximately 1.3 fb-1 collected with the D0 detector
between 2002 and 2006, the orbitally excited charm state D_s1(2536) has been
observed with a measured mass of 2535.7 +/- 0.6 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst) MeV via
the decay mode B0_s -> D_s1(2536) mu nu X. A first measurement is made of the
branching ratio product Br(b(bar) -> D_s1(2536) mu nu X).Br(D_s1(2536)->D*
K0_S). Assuming that D_s1(2536) production in semileptonic decay is entirely
from B0_s, an extraction of the semileptonic branching ratio Br(B0_s ->
D_s1(2536) mu nu X) is made.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX, version with minor changes as accepted by
Phys. Rev. Let
Simultaneous measurement of the ratio B(t->Wb)/B(t->Wq) and the top quark pair production cross section with the D0 detector at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
We present the first simultaneous measurement of the ratio of branching
fractions, R=B(t->Wb)/B(t->Wq), with q being a d, s, or b quark, and the top
quark pair production cross section sigma_ttbar in the lepton plus jets channel
using 0.9 fb-1 of ppbar collision data at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV collected with the
D0 detector. We extract R and sigma_ttbar by analyzing samples of events with
0, 1 and >= 2 identified b jets. We measure R = 0.97 +0.09-0.08 (stat+syst) and
sigma_ttbar = 8.18 +0.90-0.84 (stat+syst)} +/-0.50 (lumi) pb, in agreement with
the standard model prediction.Comment: submitted to Phys.Rev.Letter
Search for R-parity violating supersymmetry via the LLE couplings lambda_{121}, lambda_{122} or lambda_{133} in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
A search for gaugino pair production with a trilepton signature in the
framework of R-parity violating supersymmetry via the couplings lambda_121,
lambda_122, or lambda_133 is presented. The data, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of L~360/pb, were collected from April 2002 to August
2004 with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, at a
center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV. This analysis considers final states
with three charged leptons with the flavor combinations eel, mumul, and eetau
(l=e or mu). No evidence for supersymmetry is found and limits at the 95%
confidence level are set on the gaugino pair production cross section and lower
bounds on the masses of the lightest neutralino and chargino are derived in two
supersymmetric models.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures (fig2 includes 3 subfigures
Search for W' boson production in the W'->tb decay channel
We present a search for the production of a new heavy gauge boson W' that
decays to a top quark and a bottom quark. We have analyzed 230 pb^{-1} of data
collected with the Dzero detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider at a
center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. No significant excess of events above the
standard model expectation is found in any region of the final state invariant
mass distribution. We set upper limits on the production cross section of W'
bosons times branching ratio to top quarks at the 95% confidence level for
several different W' boson masses. We exclude masses between 200 GeV and 610
GeV for a W' boson with standard-model-like couplings, between 200 GeV and 630
GeV for a W' boson with right-handed couplings that is allowed to decay to both
leptons and quarks, and between 200 GeV and 670 GeV for a W' boson with
right-handed couplings that is only allowed to decay to quarks.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted by Phys. Lett.
Measurement of the Lifetime Using Semileptonic Decays
We report a measurement of the lifetime in the semileptonic decay
channel (and its charge conjugate), using
approximately 0.4 fb of data collected with the D0 detector during 2002
-- 2004. We have reconstructed 5176 signal events, where the
is identified via the decay , followed by . Using these events, we have measured the lifetime to be
. This is the most precise measurement of the lifetime to date.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett., 7 pages, 2 figure
Search for Neutral Higgs Bosons Decaying to Tau Pairs in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
A search for the production of neutral Higgs bosons Phi decaying into
tau^+tau^- final states in p-pbar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96
TeV is presented. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to
348 pb^-1, were collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron
Collider. Since no excess compared to the expectation from standard model
processes is found, limits on the production cross section times branching
ratio are set. The results are combined with those obtained from the D0 search
for Phi b(b) to b-bbar-b(bbar) and are interpreted in the minimal
supersymmetric standard model.Comment: Version accpeted by Phys. Rev. Lett. (minor changes
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