Scientific opinion on dietary reference values for thiamin

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) derived dietary reference values (DRVs) for thiamin (vitamin B1). The Panel considers that data from depletion\u2013repletion studies in adults on the amount of dietary thiamin intake associated with the erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient (\u3b1ETK) < 1.15, generally considered to reflect an adequate thiamin status, or with the restoration of normal (baseline) erythrocyte transketolase activity, without a sharp increase in urinary thiamin excretion, can be used to estimate thiamin requirement. In the absence of new scientific evidence, the Panel endorses the average requirement (AR) of 0.072 mg/MJ (0.3 mg/1,000 kcal) for all adults proposed by the Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in 1993 on the basis of one depletion\u2013repletion study, in which both \u3b1ETK and urinary thiamin excretion were measured. Results from other depletion\u2013repletion studies are in agreement with this value. The Panel agrees on the coefficient of variation of 20% used by the SCF to cover uncertainties related to distribution of thiamin requirements in the general population, and endorses the population reference intake (PRI) of 0.1 mg/MJ (0.4 mg/1,000 kcal) set by the SCF for all adults. The same AR and PRI as for adults, expressed in mg/MJ, are proposed for infants aged 7\u201311 months, children aged 1 to < 18 years, and during pregnancy and lactation, under the assumption that the relationship between thiamin requirement and energy requirement is the same in all population groups

Deficient Contractor Business Systems: Applying the Value at Risk (VaR) Model to Earned Value Management Systems

Annual Acquisition Research SymposiumNaval Postgraduate School Naval Postgraduate School Acquisition Research Progra

Uniformity in Ludics, Why and How...

This report has two distinct parts: rst I'll try to introduce ludics and its objects; then I'll analyze a little more deeply the notion of uniformity

Siglang Buhay: Nutrition and physical activity promotion in filipino-americans through community organizations

Context: Intervening in organizations allows for targeting multiple levels of influence and greater potential for sustainability. Objective: To evaluate an 18-month nutrition and physical activity (NPA) intervention (Siglang Buhay) conducted through culturally specific organizations. Design: Site randomized trial with an active control group. Setting: Eighteen Filipino-American social clubs in San Diego County, California. Participants: Members of Filipino-American social clubs randomly assigned to NPA (n = 337) or cancer education (CE; n = 336) conditions. Intervention: Two to 3 members from each organization were trained to implement the interventions. The NPA focused on promoting fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity and on decreasing dietary fat intake using health education, behavior change skills development, and organizational policy change. Cancer education focused on cancer education and cancer screening. Main Outcome Measures: Outcomes measured at baseline and at 18 months included 7-day self-reported physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables and low-fat foods, as well as stage of change for these 3 behaviors. Results: Longitudinal mixed-effects regression models indicated that the NPA participants showed significant increases in physical activity (B = 4.04; P < .05), adoption of a low-fat diet (OR = 3.72; P < .05), and stage of change for fruit and vegetables (B = 0.61; P < .05), dietary fat intake (B = 0.67; P < .01), and physical activity (B = 0.80; P < .01). The intervention did not lead to increases in the number of participants eating 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day or more (OR = 2.26; P = not significant). Conclusions: Using culturally specific organizations to deliver NPA interventions was feasible and effective among Filipino-Americans. Similar multilevel approaches should be investigated in other cultures