922 research outputs found
Unobscured Type 2 Active Galactic Nuclei
Type 2 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with intrinsically weak broad emission lines (BELs) would be exceptions to the unified model. After examining a number of proposed candidates critically, we find that the sample is contaminated significantly by objects with BELs of strengths indicating that they actually contain intermediate-type AGNs, plus a few Compton-thick sources as revealed by extremely low ratios of X-ray to nuclear IR luminosities. We develop quantitative metrics that show two (NGC 3147 and NGC 4594) of the remaining candidates to have BELs 2-3 orders of magnitude weaker than those of typical type 1 AGNs. Several more galaxies remain as candidates to have anomalously weak BELs, but this status cannot be confirmed with the existing information. Although the parent sample is poorly defined, the two confirmed objects are well under 1% of its total number of members, showing that the absence of a BEL is possible, but very uncommon in AGN. We evaluate these two objects in detail using multi-wavelength measurements including new IR data obtained with Spitzer and ground-based optical spectropolarimeteric observations. They have little X-ray extinction with N_H < ~10^(21) cm^(â2). Their IR spectra show strong silicate emission (NGC 4594) or weak aromatic features on a generally power-law continuum with a suggestion of silicates in emission (NGC 3147). No polarized BEL is detected in NGC 3147. These results indicate that the two unobscured type 2 objects have circumnuclear tori that are approximately face-on. Combined with their X-ray and optical/UV properties, this behavior implies that we have an unobscured view of the nuclei and thus that they have intrinsically weak BELs. We compare their properties with those of the other less-extreme candidates. We then compare the distributions of bolometric luminosities and accretion rates of these objects with theoretical models that predict weak BELs
Sexual Trauma History Does Not Moderate Treatment Outcome In Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT) For Adolescents With Suicide Ideation
Despite the well-documented association between history of sexual trauma (HSA) and suicide ideation, HSA is largely overlooked in suicide treatment studies. Existing studies showed that patients with a HSA have a weaker treatment response. In this randomized clinical trial for suicide ideation, HSA did not moderate treatment outcome for Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT). Adolescents responded better to ABFT than a control condition, regardless of HSA status. At baseline, adolescents with HSA were also more likely to report past suicide attempts than those without HSA, indicating that they are a particularly important subgroup to consider when developing and evaluating interventions that target suicide ideation. Findings suggest that ABFT is a robust intervention for suicide ideation regardless of HSA. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved)(journal abstract
School-Wide Implementation of Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports in an Alternative School Setting: A Case Study
Aims
The purpose of this 1âyear case study was to identify how SchoolâWide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWâPBIS) can be adapted to meet the needs of students in alternative schools and to evaluate the early impact of SWâPBIS on discipline outcomes. Methods
Suggestions for adaptations are provided at each stage of the intervention process with a focus on buyâin, training, data collection, and resource allocation. Results
Data from this case study included information about key components of the implementation process as well as initial outcomes. Process data revealed the importance of stakeholder buyâin, training opportunities, and potential adaptations to the framework. Outcome data from the first year of implementation indicated that the number of incident reports did not significantly differ from the baseline; however, there was a reduction in defianceârelated behaviors and an increase in onâtask behaviors. Conclusion
This study contributes to the determination of the efficacy of SWâPBIS in a historically more punitive environment. Given the initial positive response and lessons learned, it is believed that, with the support of additional Tier 2 and Tier 3 interventions, SWâPBIS may be an appropriate framework to support students in alternative schools
Antimicrobial and Antiinsectan Phenolic Metabolites of Dalea searlsiae
Continued interest in the chemistry of Dalea spp. led to investigation of Dalea searlsiae, a plant native to areas of the western United States. Methanol extractions of D. searlsiae roots and subsequent chromatographic fractionation afforded the new prenylated and geranylated flavanones malheurans AâD (1â4) and known flavanones (5 and 6). Known rotenoids (7 and 8) and isoflavones (9 and 10) were isolated from aerial portions. Structure determination of pure compounds was accomplished primarily by extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. The absolute configurations of compounds 1â5, 7, and 8 were assigned using electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy. Antimicrobial bioassays revealed significant activity concentrated in the plant roots. Compounds 1â6 exhibited MICs of 2â8 ÎŒg/mL against Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus cereus, and oxacillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Aerial metabolites 7â10 were inactive against these organisms, but the presence of 7 and 8 prompted investigation of the antiinsectan activity of D. searlsiae metabolites toward the major crop pest Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm). While compounds 1â10 all caused significant reductions in larval growth rates, associated mortality (33â66%) was highest with flavanone 4 and rotenoids 7 and 8. These findings suggest a differential allocation of antimicrobial and antiinsectan plant resources to root and aerial portions of the plant, respectively
Unobscured Type 2 AGNs
Type 2 AGNs with intrinsically weak broad emission lines (BELs) would be
exceptions to the unified model. After examining a number of proposed
candidates critically, we find that the sample is contaminated significantly by
objects with BELs of strengths indicating that they actually contain
intermediate-type AGNs, plus a few Compton-thick sources as revealed by
extremely low ratios of X-ray to nuclear IR luminosities. We develop
quantitative metrics that show two (NGC 3147 and NGC 4594) of the remaining
candidates to have BELs 2-3 orders of magnitude weaker than those of typical
type-1 AGNs. Several more galaxies remain as candidates to have anomalously
weak BELs, but this status cannot be confirmed with the existing information.
Although the parent sample is poorly defined, the two confirmed objects are
well under 1% of its total number of members, showing that the absence of a BEL
is possible, but very uncommon in AGN. We evaluate these two objects in detail
using multi-wavelength measurements. They have little X-ray extinction with N_H
< 10^21 cm^{-2}. Their IR spectra show strong silicate emission (NGC 4594) or
weak aromatic features on a generally power law continuum with a suggestion of
silicates in emission (NGC 3147). No polarized BEL is detected in NGC 3147.
These results indicate that the two unobscured type-2 objects have
circumnuclear tori that are approximately face-on. Combined with their X-ray
and optical/UV properties, this behavior implies that we have an unobscured
view of the nuclei and thus that they have intrinsically weak BELs. We compare
their properties with those of the other less-extreme candidates. We then
compare the distributions of bolometric luminosities and accretion rates of
these objects with theoretical models that predict weak BELs.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 17 pages, 13 figure
Creating spaces of learning in academia : fostering niches for professional learning practice
This paper analyses the move by an Australian university faculty to a new building featuring open plan and alternative workspaces. Through the lens of the theory of practice architectures, the paper examines how the new built spaces both enabled and constrained the professional learning practices of academics. Drawing on a case study of the transition, the paper explores the ways in which the move to the new building disrupted existing ecologies of practices around professional learning, and how academics subsequently sought to establish new ânichesâ to foster professional learning practices. The six study participants, who are also the authors and represent a range of career stages, made efforts to establish conditions for professional learning practices and a praxis of âbecoming an academicâ. They did so by working with, around, and against the pre-figuring arrangements of the new built environment. The paper contributes to knowledge about how workspaces can disrupt and reconfigure the professional learning practices of educators. It addresses a gap in the literature on academicsâ professional learning in relation to changes in physical workspaces, making visible the ways in which academic practices are shaped by and shape new arrangements for professional learning in response to the built environment.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe
Isotropic Luminosity Indicators in a Complete AGN Sample
The [O IV] 25.89 micron line has been shown to be an accurate indicator of
active galactic nucleus (AGN) intrinsic luminosity in that it correlates well
with hard (10-200 keV) X-ray emission. We present measurements of [O IV] for 89
Seyfert galaxies from the unbiased Revised Shapley-Ames (RSA) sample. The [O
IV] luminosity distributions of obscured and unobscured Seyferts are
indistinguishable, indicating that their intrinsic AGN luminosities are quite
similar and that the RSA sample is well suited for tests of the unified model.
In addition, we analyze several commonly used proxies for AGN luminosity,
including [O III] 5007 A, 6 cm radio, and 2-10 keV X-ray emission. We find that
the radio luminosity distributions of obscured and unobscured AGNs show no
significant difference, indicating that radio luminosity is a useful isotropic
luminosity indicator. However, the observed [O III] and 2-10 keV luminosities
are systematically smaller for obscured Seyferts, indicating that they are not
emitted isotropically.Comment: Updated to match version published in ApJ. 9 pages, 4 figure
Multidisciplinary care for people with Parkinsonâs disease:the new kids on the block!
INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic multisystem disorder that causes a wide variety of motor and non-motor symptoms. Over time, the progressive nature of the disease increases the risk of complications such as falls and loss of independence, having a profound impact on quality of life. The complexity and heterogeneity of symptoms therefore warrant a holistic, multidisciplinary approach. Specific healthcare professionals, e.g. the movement disorders neurologist and the PD nurse specialist, are considered essential members of this multidisciplinary team. However, with our increasing knowledge about different aspects of the disease, other disciplines are also being recognized as important contributors to the healthcare team. Areas covered: The authors describe a selection of these relatively newly-recognized disciplines, including the specialist in vascular medicine, gastroenterologist, pulmonologist, neuro-ophthalmologist, urologist, geriatrician/elderly care physician, palliative care specialist and the dentist. Furthermore, they share the view of a person with PD on how patients and caregivers should be involved in the multidisciplinary team. Finally, they have included a perspective on the new role of the movement disorder neurologist, with care delivery via 'tele-neurology'. Expert commentary: Increased awareness about the potential role of these 'new' professionals will further improve disease management and quality of life of PD patients
Feminist Reflections on the Scope of Labour Law: Domestic Work, Social Reproduction and Jurisdiction
Drawing on feminist labour law and political economy literature, I argue that it is crucial to interrogate the personal and territorial scope of labour. After discussing the âcommodificationâ of care, global care chains, and body work, I claim that the territorial scope of labour law must be expanded beyond that nation state to include transnational processes. I use the idea of social reproduction both to illustrate and to examine some of the recurring regulatory dilemmas that plague labour markets. I argue that unpaid care and domestic work performed in the household, typically by women, troubles the personal scope of labour law. I use the example of this specific type of personal service relation to illustrate my claim that the jurisdiction of labour law is historical and contingent, rather than conceptual and universal. I conclude by identifying some of the implications of redrawing the territorial and personal scope of labour law in light of feminist understandings of social reproduction
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