Communication et coopération ou le projet coopératif commutativement revisité

À propos de la communication et des pratiques coopératives, l’auteur est amené à distinguer trois registres susceptibles d’attention : – la communication au sein des organisations coopératives et les particularités de sa mise en œuvre étant donné les spécificités de leurs publics et le projet démocratique qu’elles incarnent. – la communication inter-organisationnelle ou celle qui relie toutes les instances concernées par le projet coopératif. la communication qu’il nomme intergénérationnelle ou celle qui perpétue et renouvelle le discours axiologique qui fonde le projet coopératif

L'apport de l'économie sociale et solidaire aux dynamiques de développement local : liens sociaux et solidarité autour de l'accorderie Rimouski-Neigette

RÉSUMÉ: Au Québec, comme ailleurs dans le monde, l’économie sociale et solidaire (ÉSS) suscite de plus en plus d’intérêt. Cet intérêt grandissant se justifie sans doute par le fait que ses initiatives offrent des espaces d’opportunités permettant à tout un chacun de développer ses capacités et par le besoin d’expérimenter une économie productrice de lien social, d’échange et de développement. En ce sens, la contribution de l’ÉSS au développement local, par la création des liens sociaux et de solidarité, et par la mise en relation des acteurs locaux, est sans équivoque. Le but de la présente recherche est de mettre en évidence les retombées des initiatives d’économie sociale et solidaire au développement local en termes de liens sociaux et de solidarité. Pour atteindre ce but, l’auteur appuie sa recherche sur une approche essentiellement qualitative et empirique afin de vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’Accorderie Rimouski-Neigette (ARN), en tant qu’initiative d’économie sociale et solidaire, crée un sentiment de communauté locale de partage et d’entraide qui s’effectue dans la dynamisation des échanges. Ainsi, des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés avec un échantillon représentatif des Accordeurs issus de l’ARN. Les résultats montrent, d’abord, la pertinence de l’analyse des pratiques d’économie sociale et solidaire dans une perspective empirique, tant en ce qui concerne la mobilisation des acteurs locaux qu’en ce qui a trait à l’émergence de nouveaux services. Ensuite, les résultats montrent également que la constitution de solidarités locales nécessite un effort constant de mise en réseau. Les trois concepts choisis dans cette recherche précisent et délimitent la portée de la réflexion de l’auteur en ce sens. Ainsi, à partir des expériences concrètes vécues par les Accordeurs, ce mémoire contribue à montrer que l’économie sociale et solidaire ne cesse de s’actualiser en approfondissant les valeurs de solidarité qui fondent son action. -- Mot(s) clé(s) en français : : Lien social, économie sociale, solidarité, monnaie sociale, entraide, État, marché, égalité. -- ABSTRACT: In Québec, as elsewhere in the world, social solidarity economy is attracting more and more interest. This growing interest is probably justified by the fact that its initiatives offer real opportunities for everyone to develop their capacities and the need for an economy that produces social ties, exchanges and development. To this end, the contribution of social solidarity economy to local development, through the creation of social ties and solidarity and, by associating local people together, is undeniable. The aim of this study is to highlight the effects of social economy initiatives on local development in terms of social ties and solidarity. To achieve this goal, the author supports his research on an essentially qualitative and empirical approach in order to verify the hypothesis that Accorderie Rimouski-Neigette, as a social solidarity economy initiative, creates a sense of local community sharing and mutual assistance, which is carried out in the dynamization and the territorialization of exchanges. Thus, semi-structured interviews were conducted on a representative sample of the people from Accorderie Rimouski-Neigette (ARN). The results show, firstly, the relevance of the analysis of social solidarity economy practices from an empirical perspective, both with regard to the mobilization of local actors [local people], and with regard to the beginning of new services. Then, the results also show that the constitution of local solidarities requires a constant effort of stakeholder’s network. The three main concepts raised in this study clarify and delimit the scope of the author's reflection in this direction. Thus, on the basis of the concrete experiences of the Accordeurs [people in the ARN], this thesis helps to show that applications of social economy are constantly being updated by deepening the values of solidarity that underpin his action. -- Mot(s) clé(s) en anglais : Social ties, social economy, territory, solidarity, social currency, mutual aid, State, market, equality

Particle Production near an AdS Crunch

We numerically study the dual field theory evolution of five-dimensional asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions of supergravity that develop cosmological singularities. The dual theory is an unstable deformation of the N = 4 gauge theory on R $\times$ S3, and the big crunch singularity in the bulk occurs when a boundary scalar field runs to infinity. Consistent quantum evolution requires one imposes boundary conditions at infinity. Modeling these by a steep regularization of the scalar potential, we find that when an initially nearly homogeneous wavepacket rolls down the potential, most of the potential energy of the initial configuration is converted into gradient energy during the first oscillation of the field. This indicates there is no transition from a big crunch to a big bang in the bulk for dual boundary conditions of this kind.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure

Black hole production in tachyonic preheating

We present fully non-linear simulations of a self-interacting scalar field in the early universe undergoing tachyonic preheating. We find that density perturbations on sub-horizon scales which are amplified by tachyonic instability maintain long range correlations even during the succeeding parametric resonance, in contrast to the standard models of preheating dominated by parametric resonance. As a result the final spectrum exhibits memory and is not universal in shape. We find that throughout the subsequent era of parametric resonance the equation of state of the universe is almost dust-like, hence the Jeans wavelength is much smaller than the horizon scale. If our 2D simulations are accurate reflections of the situation in 3D, then there are wide regions of parameter space ruled out by over-production of black holes. It is likely however that realistic parameter values, consistent with COBE/WMAP normalisation, are safetly outside this black hole over-production region.Comment: 6pages, 7figures, figures correcte

Asymmetric Kelvin-Helmholtz Propagation at Saturn\u27s Dayside Magnetopause

At Saturn\u27s magnetopause, the shear flows are maximized (minimized) in the prenoon (postnoon) sector due to the rapid planetary rotation and the corotating magnetodisc. As such, the prenoon sector is expected to be more Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) unstable than the postnoon sector; however, in situ Cassini data analyses showed that the evidence of KH activity favors the postnoon sector. In this study, we use a two‐dimensional MHD simulation to demonstrate that fast‐growing KH modes strongly deform and diffuse the boundary layer on a time scale of a few minutes in the prenoon sector. Therefore, the KH observational signature is difficult to identify by spacecraft in the diffused boundary layer. KH vortices originating in the subsolar region (roughly from 10 to 14 local times) are transported to the postnoon sector and the wavelength is enlarged due to the gradient of shear flow, which is a plausible reason why KH events are more often observed in the postnoon sector. The prediction of the local boundary normal direction distribution as a function of spacecraft inward/outward crossing in the postnoon sector suggested by our simulation is qualitatively consistent with Cassini in situ observational results. We also discuss the impact of this dawn‐dusk asymmetric Kelvin‐Helmholtz evolution on magnetic reconnection at Saturn\u27s magnetopause boundary

Update of D3/D7-Brane Inflation on K3 x T^2/Z_2

We update the D3/D7-brane inflation model on K3 x T^2/Z_2 with branes and fluxes. For this purpose, we study the low energy theory including g_s corrections to the gaugino condensate superpotential that stabilizes the K3 volume modulus. The gauge kinetic function is verified to become holomorphic when the original N=2 supersymmetry is spontaneously broken to N=1 by bulk fluxes. From the underlying classical N=2 supergravity, the theory inherits a shift symmetry which provides the inflaton with a naturally flat potential. We analyze the fate of this shift symmetry after the inclusion of quantum corrections. The field range of the inflaton is found to depend significantly on the complex structure of the torus but is independent of its volume. This allows for a large kinematical field range for the inflaton. Furthermore, we show that the D3/D7 model may lead to a realization of the recent CMB fit by Hindmarsh et al. with an 11% contribution from cosmic strings and a spectral index close to n_s=1. On the other hand, by a slight change of the parameters of the model one can strongly suppress the cosmic string contribution and reduce the spectral index n_s to fit the WMAP5 data in the absence of cosmic strings. We also demonstrate that the inclusion of quantum corrections allows for a regime of eternal D3/D7 inflation.Comment: LaTeX2e, 55 pages + appendices, 8 figures; v3: added appendix F and a note at the end of the conclusions in order to clarify the relation of our results to the recent work by Burgess et al. (arXiv:0811.1503