1,131 research outputs found
Electroweak Strings, Zero Modes and Baryon Number
The Dirac equations for leptons and quarks in the background of an
electroweak string have zero mode solutions. If two loops of electroweak
string are linked, the zero modes on one of the loops interacts with the other
loop via an Aharanov-Bohm interaction. The effects of this interaction are
briefly discussed and it is shown that the fermions induce a baryon number on
linked loops of string. (Submitted to Proceedings of "Trends in
Astrophysics" Conference, Stockholm, 1994.)Comment: LaTeX using espcrc2.sty (version 2.5) (hit return on error messages),
3 page
Detailed Stability Analysis of Electroweak Strings
We give a detailed stability analysis of the Z-string in the standard
electroweak model. We identify the mode that determines the stability of the
string and numerically map the region of parameter space where the string is
stable. For , we find that the strings are unstable for
a Higgs mass larger than 23GeV. Given the latest constraints on the Higgs mass
from LEP, this shows that, if the standard electroweak model is realized in
Nature, the existing vortex solutions are unstable.Comment: 18 pages plus one figure (not included but available upon request).
To appear in Nuclear Physics
Band structure in classical field theory
Stability and instability bands in classical mechanics are well-studied in
connection with systems such as described by the Mathieu equation. We examine
whether such band structure can arise in classical field theory in the context
of an embedded kink in 1+1 dimensions. The static embedded kink is unstable to
perturbations but we show that if the kink is dynamic it can exhibit stability
in certain parameter bands. Our results are relevant for estimating the
lifetimes of various embedded defects and, in particular, loops of electroweak
Z-string.Comment: 6 pages, 4 fig. Reference added, Fig. 3 updated with improved
numerical code, minor comments added. Version to be published in Phys. Rev.
Zero Modes on Linked Strings
We study linked loops of string in the presence of bosonic condensates and
fermionic zero modes on the strings. We find that the strings necessarily carry
a current if the bosons have an Aharanov-Bohm interaction with the string. The
fermionic case is analyzed in the context of the standard model where there are
lepton and quark zero modes on strings. Here we find that the fermionic
ground state in the linked string background is lower than the ground state
when the loops are unlinked but otherwise identical. As in the bosonic case,
the strings carry a non-vanishing electric current in the ground state. The
baryon number of the linked configuration is found to agree with previous
indirect results. We also evaluate the angular momentum, electromagnetic charge
and baryonic three current on the linked string configuration. Finally we
point out a possible gravitational analogue of the linked string system.Comment: LaTeX, 27 text pages + 2 figures, Fig. 1 file fixe
Magnetic Fields in the Aftermath of Phase Transitions
The COSLAB effort has focussed on the formation of topological defects during
phase transitions. Yet there is another potentially interesting signature of
cosmological phase transitions, which also deserves study in the lab. This is
the generation of magnetic fields during phase transitions. In particular,
cosmological phase transitions that also lead to preferential production of
matter over antimatter (``baryogenesis''), are expected to produce helical
(left-handed) magnetic fields. The study of analogous processes in the lab can
yield important insight into the production of helical magnetic fields, and the
observation of such fields in the universe can be invaluable for both particle
physics and cosmology.Comment: 9 pages. Contribution to the Royal Society Discussion Meeting
``Cosmology Meets Condensed Matter'', January 28-29, 200
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