Gratings: Theory and Numeric Applications

International audienceThe book containes 11 chapters written by an international team of specialist in electromagnetic theory, numerical methods for modelling of light diffraction by periodic structures having one-, two-, or three-dimensional periodicity, and aiming numerous applications in many classical domains like optical engineering, spectroscopy, and optical telecommunications, together with newly born fields such as photonics, plasmonics, photovoltaics, metamaterials studies, cloaking, negative refraction, and super-lensing. Each chapter presents in detail a specific theoretical method aiming to a direct numerical application by university and industrial researchers and engineers

Gratings: Theory and Numeric Applications, Second Revisited Edition

International audienceThe second Edition of the Book contains 13 chapters, written by an international team of specialist in electromagnetic theory, numerical methods for modelling of light diffraction by periodic structures having one-, two-, or three-dimensional periodicity, and aiming numerous applications in many classical domains like optical engineering, spectroscopy, and optical telecommunications, together with newly born fields such as photonics, plasmonics, photovoltaics, metamaterials studies, cloaking, negative refraction, and super-lensing. Each chapter presents in detail a specific theoretical method aiming to a direct numerical application by university and industrial researchers and engineers.In comparison with the First Edition, we have added two more chapters (ch.12 and ch.13), and revised four other chapters (ch.6, ch.7, ch.10, and ch.11

The genomic landscape of balanced cytogenetic abnormalities associated with human congenital anomalies

Despite the clinical significance of balanced chromosomal abnormalities (BCAs), their characterization has largely been restricted to cytogenetic resolution. We explored the landscape of BCAs at nucleotide resolution in 273 subjects with a spectrum of congenital anomalies. Whole-genome sequencing revised 93% of karyotypes and demonstrated complexity that was cryptic to karyotyping in 21% of BCAs, highlighting the limitations of conventional cytogenetic approaches. At least 33.9% of BCAs resulted in gene disruption that likely contributed to the developmental phenotype, 5.2% were associated with pathogenic genomic imbalances, and 7.3% disrupted topologically associated domains (TADs) encompassing known syndromic loci. Remarkably, BCA breakpoints in eight subjects altered a single TAD encompassing MEF2C, a known driver of 5q14.3 microdeletion syndrome, resulting in decreased MEF2C expression. We propose that sequence-level resolution dramatically improves prediction of clinical outcomes for balanced rearrangements and provides insight into new pathogenic mechanisms, such as altered regulation due to changes in chromosome topology

Measuring Seafloor Displacement using Repeated Sidescan Sonar Surveys

The purpose of this thesis is to propose and develop a novel tool for measuring seafloor displacement using repeated sidescan sonar surveys, a data set that is collected alongside multibeam bathymetry. Chapter 1 presents the motivation for this study and introduces the work done in subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 is a brief overview of the design and underlying physics of the multibeam sonar, and presents a discussion on the uncertainties introduced by errors in the sound velocity profile. Chapter 3 presents the processing method for measuring seafloor displacement from sidescan sonar in detail, and tests this method by measuring synthetic displacements introduced into legacy multibeam data. Chapter 4 presents data collected in calibration surveys during the RR1605 and SR1704 cruises meant to test this method. We find displacements measurements with RMS uncertainties less than 0.5 m under optimal survey designs involving speeds less than 6 knots, kinematic post-processed ship navigation, and frequent measurements of the sound velocity profile. Chapter 5 demonstrates the improvement in ship positioning obtained when performing kinematic post-processing on the raw ship navigation data rather than relying on the real-time navigation solution

Some Aspects Of Three-particle Scattering.

PhDNuclear physicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/185044/2/6807581.pd

Measuring Seafloor Displacement Using Repeated Sidescan Sonar Surveys

The purpose of this thesis is to propose and develop a novel tool for measuring seafloor displacement using repeated sidescan sonar surveys, a data set that is collected alongside multibeam bathymetry. Chapter 1 presents the motivation for this study and introduces the work done in subsequent chapters. Chapter 2 is a brief overview of the design and underlying physics of the multibeam sonar, and presents a discussion on the uncertainties introduced by errors in the sound velocity profile. Chapter 3 presents the processing method for measuring seafloor displacement from sidescan sonar in detail, and tests this method by measuring synthetic displacements introduced into legacy multibeam data. Chapter 4 presents data collected in calibration surveys during the RR1605 and SR1704 cruises meant to test this method. We find displacements measurements with RMS uncertainties less than 0.5 m under optimal survey designs involving speeds less than 6 knots, kinematic post-processed ship navigation, and frequent measurements of the sound velocity profile. Chapter 5 demonstrates the improvement in ship positioning obtained when performing kinematic post-processing on the raw ship navigation data rather than relying on the real-time navigation solution

Evaluating transience of a potential geothermal flux anomaly beneath a tributary ice stream of Thwaites Glacier, West Antarctica

The Amundsen Sea Embayment of the West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) is currently one of the most rapidly changing sectors of a continental ice sheet. As a marine ice sheet, the WAIS is in a potentially unstable configuration. A model is proposed to evaluate the effect of geothermal flux on flow in ice streams using ice layer drawdown anomalies, features identifiable by a thick layer package resting on top of deformed ice. Drawdown anomalies represent either significant loss or mechanical deformation of basal ice. Several features with the geometry of drawdown anomalies are identified in Thwaites Glacier along an ice stream tributary near Mt. Takahe. These anomalies correlate with the surface ice velocity and have thick layer packages that age at a constant rate, implying deformation at a single origin corresponding to an upstream edifice. The abnormal amplitude of upstream drawdown anomalies implies a thermal event at the same edifice 1000-2000 years ago. This provides another example of high heterogeneous geothermal flux in the WAIS.PhysicsInstitute for Geophysic