Relationship Between Hygienic Behavior and Varroa destructor Mites in Colonies Producing Honey or Royal Jelly

Genetic and phenotypic parameters for hygienic behavior, invasion and infestation rates, total and effective reproduction of Varroa destructor in Africanized honeybee colonies producing honey (20 hives) or royal jelly (30 mini-hives) were analyzed. The significance of monthly fixed effects, type of product (honey and royal jelly) and their interactions were verified through generalized linear model procedures. Software WinBugs (Bayesian Inference Using Gibbs Sampling) with Bayesian inference was employed for (co)variance estimates. The average values for colonies producing honey or royal jelly were 74.38 and 71.40% for hygienic behavior in 24 hours; infestation rates 8.30 and 11.40%; invasion rates 9.50 and 7.50%; total reproduction 1.02 and 0.55%; effective reproduction was 0.62 and 0.33%, respectively. The additive genetic variance for invasion (0.16), total reproduction (0.25) and effective reproduction (0.94) rates of the mite were higher than estimates for hygienic behavior in 24 hours (0.05) and infestation rate (0.04). Mean heritability for hygienic behavior, infestation and invasion rates, total and effective reproduction of the mite were .58, 0.54, 0.56, 0.63 and 0.61, respectively. The genetic correlation of -0.48 for hygienic behavior with total reproduction rate of Varroa destructor shows that hygienic behavior may be the most interesting trait for selection. Besides a heritability of high magnitude, when combined with the total reproduction rate of the mite, it has a high and antagonistic correlation. Consequently, in cases of high infestation of Varroa destructor, the selection for hygienic behavior would decrease the reproduction rate of the mite

Effect of hydroxyurea (HU) on gelatinization mechanism of type I collagen suspensions

Mutant hemoglobins thermodynamic phase transitions (HbS, HbC, etc.) have been the causes of serious hemoglobinopathies that have been affecting mankind since the dawn of human race. HbS polymerization is the best known of these transitions and the original cause of sickle cell anemia. Hydroxyurea (HU, NH2CONHOH) is widely used as the main drug administered for the treatment of Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA). Several hypotheses have been raised on the effects of HU on SCA. The most widespread and accepted one points to the production of fetal hemoglobin by the bone marrow, hindering the polymerization of deoxygen-ated HbS. Moreover, recent studies have reported that the short term in vivo effects of the HU have not been elucidated. By ordinary techniques of Materials Science (scanning electron microscopy, viscoelasticity, vis-cosity measurements, DSC and weight loss) we assessed the anti-nucleating, depolymerizing, and anti-gelling direct effects of HU on suspensions and type I bovine collagen gels. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the addition of HU results in the disappearance of the percolating three-dimensional network typical of collagen gels. Vane Rheometry tests pointed to a reduction in the yield stress (σ0) by add-ing HU into collagen gels with a concentration of 2.2 % w/v. In the liquid phase (sol), suspensions increased viscosity over time but decreased with the addition of HU, highlighting the depolymerizing effect of this substance. The weight loss of the sols is also affect by the addition of HU probably related to the lowering of the interactions between collagen/water as HU is added. The DSC essays indicated changes in the Cp curves as HU is added to the gel, decreasing the structural relaxations commonly observed in those gels. As a result, HU showed an effect on the phase transition of the studied gel, strengthening the hypothesis of anti-nucleating and anti-gelling action thereof on physical, reversible gels, and possibly on physical, reversible gels of mutant hemoglobin (HbS).Keywords: hydroxyurea, gelation, collagen, polymerization, sickle cell anemia

Ações de extensão e o covid-19: a experiência de uma visita remota da comunidade ao SAG-UEL

Due to COVID-19 pandemic, several university extension activities, which served as a link to the community, had to be adapted to an online context. The activities of the Serviço de Aconselhamento Genético da Universidade Estadual de Londrina - SAG-UEL were also affected were also affected, and among them was an initiative in which teenagers serving socio-educational measures were to visit the physical space of the program. This article aims to show how the lecture “Visiting SAG-UEL” was structured and adapted to an online modality, while addressing the impacts generated by encouraging these youngsters to see university as a viable and interesting possibility. To achieve this, several activities carried out by SAG-UEL contributors during their graduation were showcased, along with the creation of an information script to be presented and videos showing the program's facilities and other relevant information, as the need to adapt to an online modality arose. All of that served to create a dynamic presentation, and it enabled sharing materials produced by SAG-UEL between their peers and the attendees. As a result, the contributors who presented the lecture developed several skills related to their professional qualification. Furthermore, they learned about the social contexts in which the teenagers lived in, providing them with better access to the university and its programs. This article serves as a model for others to adapt face to face activities to a remote modality, while maintaining the link between university and the community during the pandemic.Por conta da pandemia de COVID-19, diversas atividades de extensão universitária, muito relevantes por formar laços entre a universidade e a sociedade, precisaram ser adaptadas ao contexto remoto. As atividades do Serviço de Aconselhamento Genético da Universidade Estadual de Londrina – SAG-UEL também foram afetadas, entre elas uma iniciativa em que jovens em cumprimento de medidas socioeducativas visitam o espaço físico do programa de extensão. Este artigo busca explicitar como a palestra “Visitando o SAG-UEL” foi estruturada e adaptada ao contexto remoto, além de tratar dos impactos gerados ao incentivar esses jovens a enxergarem a universidade e a formação profissional como uma possibilidade viável e interessante. Para isso, foram apresentadas as atividades realizadas pelos colaboradores do SAG-UEL durante a graduação. Com a necessidade de adaptação à modalidade remota, foi formulado um roteiro de informações a serem abordadas, além do acréscimo de vídeos que mostram o prédio do projeto e fornecem outras informações pertinentes, o que tornou a apresentação e o envio de materiais produzidos pelo SAG-UEL aos participantes mais dinâmica. Como resultado, os colaboradores que apresentaram a palestra desenvolveram diversas habilidades pertinentes a sua formação profissional. Além disso, eles puderam conhecer os diferentes contextos sociais em que os adolescentes estavam inseridos, propiciando aos jovens mais acesso à universidade e aos programas oferecidos por ela. O trabalho serve também de modelo para que outras pessoas possam adaptar ações presenciais ao meio remoto, mantendo a integração entre a universidade e a comunidade durante o período pandêmico

Demanda Potencial para o Ensino Fundamental na Educação de Jovens e Adultos no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul: um mapa em construção

O presente estudo apresenta resultados de pesquisa, em andamento, sobre o mapeamento da oferta de vagas e da demanda para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA) no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), abrangendo especialmente o Ensino Fundamental (EF) no período de 2007 a 2015. Têm-se como objetivos apresentar uma sistematização geral dos dados da oferta de EJA nas quatro redes de ensino (Estadual, Municipal, Federal e Particular) e apontar a demanda potencial, compreendida como o público com idade e escolaridade possível de ser atendida pela EJA e que não se encontra na escola. Do ponto de vista metodológico, como pesquisa quantitativa, apresenta-se a sistematização de dados provenientes do Censo Escolar (INEP), do Censo demográfico e do PNAD (IBGE) e inicia-se uma busca por compreender qualitativamente as diferenças locais e regionais, conforme discute Ferraro (2009).  Deste modo, a pesquisa pretende contribuir com as políticas públicas locais, identificando regiões ou localidades que possuem maior ou menor discrepância entre oferta e demanda no Estado. Como principais resultados, destaca-se que no detalhamento da oferta pelas redes de ensino, percebe-se que entre 2014-2015 as redes públicas de ensino mantiveram, a grosso modo, o mesmo volume em oferta de matrículas iniciais e que as maiores demandas por alfabetização e EF, em números absolutos, se aproximam da capital, região metropolitana e de centros regionais do interior do Estado

Pure and Nanocomposite Thin Films Based on TiO2 Prepared by Sol-Gel Process: Characterization and Applications

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films have innumerable applications, and the preparation of nanocomposites based on TiO2 favors the coupling of different structures that can lead to additional or enhanced properties. The aim of this chapter is to show the preparation and characterization of TiO2 thin films and some nanocomposites based on anatase-TiO2, prepared by sol-gel process using the dip-coating technique. TiO2 thin films were prepared by sol-gel process onto borosilicate glass, steel, magnet, and silicon substrates from alcoholic starting solutions containing titanium isopropoxide, isopropyl alcohol, and acids to the control of the velocity of gelation. The doped thin films, such as SiO2/TiO2, Ag/TiO2, and Nb/TiO2, were prepared adding the dopants in a form of salts or alkoxides in starting solution. The morphological, structural, and textural characterization of the films was made using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) detector, atomic force microscopy/nanoindentation, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Photoelectrical, mechanical, biological, optical, and surface properties were evaluated

Molecular Marker to Identify Two Stingless Bee Species: Tetragonisca angustula and Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Hymenoptera, Meliponinae)

Tetragonisca angustula and T. fiebrigi esterases were biochemically characterized by their inhibition pattern and thermostability. Workers of both species were collected from nests at the State University of Maringa. In T. fiebrigi three esterases were observed: EST-1 (β-esterase, cholinesterase I), EST-2 (α-esterase, cholinesterase II) and EST-4 (αβ-esterase, carboxylesterase). In T. angustula two esterases were detected: EST-3 (β-esterase, acetylesterase) e EST-4 (αβ-esterase, carboxylesterase). T. angustula EST-3 showed the highest thermostability, and it was not observed above 54°C, while in T. fiebrigi EST- 1 and EST-2 were not detected above 52°C. Through this characterization, it was observed that EST-4 of T. angustula and T. fiebrigi showed identical biochemical characteristics, and probably those esterases are encoded by the same gene in the two species. Together, the biochemical characterization and molecular markers show that the two species are differentiated and secondary contact between the populations can still be occurring.

Efectos de la auriculoacupuntura en el dolor crónico en personas con disturbios musculoesqueléticos en la espalda: ensayo clínico randomizado

Objective: To evaluate the effects of auricular acupuncture on pain intensity, its impact on daily activities, the relief provided by the intervention, and the pain threshold in people with back musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: Randomized clinical trial carried out with people randomly allocated into three groups: treatment, placebo, and control. Evaluations were performed using the Brief Pain Inventory and a digital algometer before (initial) and after (final) the treatment and after a 15-day follow-up period. Results: The sample was 110 people. There was a decrease in pain intensity in the treatment and placebo groups as revealed by the comparison between the initial and final evaluations (p<0.05), and in the treatment group in the comparison between the initial and followup evaluations (p<0.05). A decreased impact of pain on daily activities in the treatment and placebo groups over time was found (p<0.05). At the final evaluation, the impact of pain was lower in the treatment group (p<0.05). Auricular acupuncture did not increase the pain threshold. Conclusion: Auricular acupuncture presented positive effects by reducing the chronic pain intensity and its impact on daily activities in people with back musculoskeletal disorders. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry: RBR-5X69X

DESDOBRAMENTOS DE PROJETOS EDUCATIVOS COM FOCO NA PRODUÇÃO DE MATERIAIS DIDÁTICOS: A PEDAGOGIA EM MOVIMENTO

The aim of this study is to present experiences teachers under the PIBID of pedagogy of the Campus Palmas-UFT on Henry Talone Municipal school. The theoretical framework used brings an emphasis on teacher education in the studies of Nóvoa (1992), Freitas (2017), Vasconcelos (2006), Demo (1998), Freire (1996) and official documents of the elementary school. The methodology used part of the conception of teaching practices, with memories of the potentiality of the reports of the scholars as the Foundation of educational action and writing fragments of Final project-CBT- as documentary sources. As the results of studies realize the construction of educational proposal based on research and construction of teaching materials of the works feature innovative aspects in instrumental education paradigm-breaking to strengthen dialogical relationships in the classroom, the appreciation of the public school in the collective work and integration of scholars in teaching with research.O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar experiências docentes no âmbito do PIBID de Pedagogia do Campus de Palmas- UFT na escola Municipal Henrique Talone. O referencial teórico utilizado traz ênfase na formação docente nos estudos de Nóvoa (1992), Freitas (2017), Vasconcelos (2006), Demo (1998), Freire (1996) e documentos oficiais do ensino fundamental. A Metodologia utilizada parte da concepção de memórias de práticas docentes, com a potencialidade dos relatórios dos bolsistas como fundamento de ação didática e fragmentos da escrita de TCC como fontes documentais. Como resultados de estudos percebe-se a construção de proposta educativa pautada na pesquisa e construção de materiais didáticos Os trabalhos desenvolvidos apresentam aspectos inovadores na quebra de paradigma instrumental de educação ao potencializar relações dialógicas em sala de aula, a valorização da escola pública na aposta do trabalho coletivo e inserção dos bolsistas no ensino com pesquisa

Avaliação ergonômica da atividade de derrubada com motosserra em áreas do bioma cerrado/ Ergonomic evaluation of chainsaw felling activity in areas of the cerrado biome

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma avaliação ergonômica da atividade de derrubada de árvores com motosserra em áreas do bioma cerrado, de forma a avaliar se os trabalhadores estão expostos a condições ergonômicas inadequadas, as quais têm potencial capacidade de causar danos à saúde. Os dados foram coletados em uma área experimental do bioma cerrado, localizada no campus de uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior na região norte do estado de Minas Gerais. Foram avaliadas as fases de abate, desgalhamento, traçamento e abastecimento e afiação das correntes da motosserra, tendo sido avaliada a carga física de trabalho, através da frequência cardíaca dos trabalhadores, e realizada avaliação biomecânica utilizando o Modelo Biomecânico Tridimensional de Predição de Posturas e Forças Estáticas (3DSSPPTM), da Universidade de Michigan. A atividade foi classificada como pesada, sob a ótica da carga de trabalho físico, e os resultados mostraram que o ambiente de trabalho estudado proporcionava riscos de lesões musculoesqueléticas e de acidentes aos trabalhadores. A análise biomecânica indicou elevado risco de desenvolvimento de LER/DORT nos membros inferiores dos trabalhadores quando realizando tal atividade. Conclui-se que a atividade apresenta elevado risco ergonômico para os trabalhadores durante o desenvolvimento de todas as fases da atividade, favorecendo o surgimento de lesões e doenças relacionadas ao trabalho

Silver nanoparticles in resin luting cements: antibacterial and physiochemical properties

Background: Silver has a long history of use in medicine as an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent. Silver nanoparticles (NAg) offer the possibility to control the formation oral biofilms through the use of nanoparticles with biocidal, anti-adhesive, and delivery abilities. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial effect of resin luting cements with and without NAg, and their influence on color, sorption and solubility. Material and methods: NAg were incorporated to two dual-cured resin cements (RelyX ARC (RA) color A1 and RelyX U200 (RU) color A2) in two concentrations (0.05% and 0.07%, in weight), obtaining six experimental groups. Disc specimens (1x6mm) were obtained to verify the antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans in BHI broth after immersion for 1min, 5min, 1h, 6h, and 24h (n=3), through optical density readings. Specimens were evaluated for color changes after addition of NAg with a spectrophotometer (n=10). Sorption and solubility tests were also performed, considering storage in water or 75% ethanol for 28 days (n=5), according to ISO 4049:2010. Data were subjected to statistical analysis with ANOVA and Tukey (p=0.05). Results: The optical density of the culture broths indicated bacterial growth, with and without NAg. NAg produced significant color change on the resin cements, especially in RA. Solubility values were very low for all groups, while sorption values raised with NAg. The cements with NAg did not show antibacterial activity against S. mutans. They also showed perceptible color change and higher sorption than the materials without NAg. Conclusions: The resin luting cements with NAg addition did not show antibacterial activity against S. mutans. They also showed perceptible color change and higher sorption than the materials without NAg