MIDDLE JURASSIC-LOWER CRETACEOUS BIOSTRATIGRAPHY IN THE CENTRAL PONTIDES (TURKEY): REMARKS ON PALEOGEOGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION

The deposition of Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous carbonates in the Pontides was controlled mainly by the evolution of an Atlantic-type continental margin in the Tethys. The study of several stratigraphic sections from allochthonous slices and blocks of the North Anatolian Ophiolitic Melange provided insight into the Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous paleogeographic evolution of the Central Pontide Belt. The Callovian-Aptian successions span the Globuligerina gr. oxfordiana, Clypeina jurassica (equivalent of the Tubiphytes morronensis zone), Protopeneroplis ultragranulata (with the Haplophragmoides joukowskyi subzone), Montsalevia salevensis, Hedbergella delrioensis - Hedbergella planispira - Leupoldina - Globigerinelloides and Globigerinelloides algerianus biozones. Two major stratigraphic gaps corresponding to the pre-Callovian and Hauterivian-Early Aptian ages are recognised within the successions. Lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic studies indicate strong similarities in the evolution of the successions in the Amasya region (Central Pontides) and Biga-Bursa-Bilecik (BBB ) Platform (North-western Anatolia).&nbsp

DISCOVERY OF THE LOWER MURGABIAN (MIDDLE PERMIAN) BASED ON NEOSCHWAGERINIDS AND VERBEEKINIDS IN THE TAURIDES, SOUTHERN TURKEY

Lower Murgabian (Roadian) beds have been discovered for the first time in a thick carbonate sequence ranging from Devonian to Triassic in the Hadim area, central Taurides, southern Turkey. The Roadian limestone consists of black algal fusuline packstone and black bioclastic packstone, and contains Presumatrina ciryi n. sp., an evolved form of the genus, Verbeekina erki n. sp., an earliest species of Verbeekina, Dunbarula protomathieui n. sp., an ancestral form of Dunbarula mathieui, and several smaller foraminifera.

CYCLIC SEDIMENTATION ACROSS THE PERMIAN – TRIASSIC BOUNDARY (CENTRAL TAURIDES, TURKEY)

The best preserved Permian-Triassic boundary beds in Turkey are found in the Hadim region of the central Taurides. The succession is exposed in one of the allochthonous units of the Tauride Belt, the Aladag Unit, whose stratigraphy includes beds ranging from the Devonian to the Cretaceous systems. In the Aladag Unit, the Permian-Triassic boundary beds are entirely composed of carbonates. The Permian portion of these beds belongs to the Paradagmarita Zone, whereas the lowermost Triassic contains the Lower Griesbachian marker Rectocornuspira kalhori. The uppermost Permian carbonates, composed of meter-scale upward shallowing subtidal cycles, are characterized by oolitic limestones of regressive character at the top and are overlain sharply by Lower Triassic stromatolites. Cyclic Upper Permian carbonates are interpreted as highstand sytems tract deposits of the last third-order sequence of the Permian System. The Permian-Triassic boundary is an unconformity corresponding to both erosional and non-depositional hiatuses. The gap at the Permian-Triassic boundary partially corresponds to the shelf-margin systems tract and partly to the transgressive systems tract of the overlying third-order sequence. Stromatolites are interpreted as transgressive systems tract deposits. Special issueInternational Conference on Paleozoic Foraminifera, Paleoforams 2001Edited by Demir Altiner (Guest Editor

TURRIGLOMINA? ANATOLICA, N. SP. (FORAMINIFERIDA) FROM THE CRETACEOUS OF NORTH-WESTERN ANATOLIA (TURKEY): REMARKS ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE MESOZOIC MEANDROSPIRIDS

A new species of foraminifer, Turriglomina? anatolica n. sp., is erected from the Lower Cretaceous of North-Western Anatolia, Turkey. The species is characterized by a well developed meandrospirid stage followed by a rectilinear, helicoidal stage. The morphology of the new taxon is similar to that of the Triassic genus Turriglomina zaninetti, however, the generic attribution is doubtful as the evolutionary path of meandrospirids is not documented from Triassic to Cretaceous.&nbsp

Palinspastic Reconstruction Versus Cross-Section Balancing: How Complete Is the Central Taurides Fold-Thrust Belt (Turkey)?

In many fold-thrust belts, cross section-derived shortening estimates are significantly lower than predicted based on plate convergence. This has led to controversial hypotheses that shortening may be largely underestimated due to wholesale underthrusting (convergence without shortening) below far-traveled continent or ocean-derived nappes. The Late Cretaceous-Eocene Taurides fold-thrust belt (southern Turkey) may contain a highly incomplete shortening record of convergence likely caused by wholesale underthrusting. To estimate this underthrusting, we calculate convergence across the belt using a map-view palinspastic reconstruction that takes into account major rotations of tectonic units during their accretion. We use paleomagnetic and fault kinematic analysis, timing of accretion, and Africa-Eurasia convergence to constrain our reconstruction. Our paleomagnetic results confirm an ~40 degrees clockwise vertical axis rotation of the Geyikda nappe that forms the core of the belt, which we interpret is accommodated by a lateral gradient in underthrusting on faults structurally above and below the Geyikda nappe. We reconstruct ~400-450km of convergence across the Taurides during their accretion. We compare this predicted convergence to shortening calculated from balanced cross sections, in which we reconstruct a minimum of 154-km shortening: 57km within far-traveled nappes, 70-km thrusting of far-traveled nappes over the Geyikda nappe, and 27-km shortening within the Geyikda nappe. Shortening in the Taurides created a significant nappe stack, but the majority of convergence was accommodated by wholesale underthrusting with barely a trace at the surface, including ~160km of convergence by rotation of the belt, and 90-130km related to missing Africa-Eurasia convergence

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Recherches stratigraphiques et micropaléontologiques dans le Taurus Oriental au NW de Pinarbasi (Turquie)

Le présent travail concerne une région cartographiée dans le Taurus Oriental au NW de la petite ville de Pinarbasi (Kayseri-Turquie), plus précisément entre Pazarëren et Tersakan, sur une superficie de 300 km2. Les affleurements étudiés sont groupés en 3 ensembles fondamentaux (Para-autochtone, Unités allochtones et Couverture) dans le cadre géologique et tectonique du Taurus. Le Para-autochtone sert de substratum tectonique aux unités allocthones (Unité Ophiolithique et Unité de Kocagedik) et constitue une partie de "l'Axe Calcaire du Taurus" qui n'est qu'un alignement de fenêtres appartenant au domaine de la plate-forme arabe-africaine. La Couverture essentiellement représentée par des roches sédimentaires soude ces deux ensembles après la mise en place des unités allochtones vers la fin du Maestrichtien. Ces trois ensembles sont perturbés à nouveau pendant la phase tectonique d'âge éo-oligocène. L'étude stratigraphique sur ces ensembles se concentre surtout sur le Para-autochtone représenté par l'unité d'Aygörmez Dagi. Cette unité composée de 11 formations et dominée par les carbonates, est datée du Dévonien supérieur à Maestrichtien, avec un seul épisode régressif majeur dans les premiers niveaux du Mésozoïque, après le Trias inférieur et jusqu'au Lias inférieur proparte. Des corrélations avec les diverses régions du Taurus mettent en évidence la grande continuité de ces formations en dehors de la région étudiée. L'étude micropaléontologique concerne surtout les foraminifères benthoniques provenant de l'Unité d'Aygërmez Dagi, ainsi que de l'Unité de Kocagedik (unité allochtone). Pour cette première unité, l'étude met en évidence une importante microfaune essentiellement dominée par les superfamilles des Endothyracea et des Fusulinacea pour le Paléozoïque supérieur, une association assez pauvre représentée par les familles des Fischerinidae et des Ammodiscidae pour le Trias inférieur, des familles surtout dominées par les Dicyclinidae, les Lituolidae, les Pfenderinidae, les Ataxophragmiidae, , les Pavonitinidae, les Orbitolinidae pour le Jurassique et Crétacé inférieur et finalement une importante faune de foraminifère planctonique (Globotruncanidae, etc.) pour le Crétacé supérieur. L'étude de l'Unité de Kocagedik complète en partie l'analyse micropaléontologique des foraminifères du Trias, avec l'apparition de faunes d'âge triasique supérieur qui n'ont pas été observées dans l'Unité d'Aygormez Dagi en raison de la présence d'une lacune sédimentaire à ces niveaux. Une grande partie des espèces déterminées sont décrites dans ce travail, pour certaines familles (Archaediscidae, Biseriamminidae, etc.) une révision taxonomique a également été proposée. L'étude biostratigraphique traite des espèces caractérisant des intervalles biostratigraphiques dans l'unité d'Aygërmez Dagi. Ces intervalles sont ensuite mis en corrélation avec les unités biostratigraphiques établies dans divers bassins de la Tethys. Cette étude montre que, pour le Paléozoïque supérieur, les diverses localités ou province de la Russie (plate-forme Russe, bassin de Donetz, Transcaucasie) de l'Afrique du Nord (Libye, Algérie, etc.), d'Oman, d'Iran, d'Europe occidentale et d'Extrême Orient témoignent au moins en partie d'une évolution biostratigraphique semblable. (...)</p