Caracterización demográfica de la población canina y felina con propietario y la percepción de los pobladores sobre enfermedades zoonóticas de los distritos Simbal y Poroto, provincia Trujillo, Perú.

Con el propósito de caracterizar la población canina y felina con propietario y la percepción de sus pobladores en el conocimiento de las enfermedades zoonóticas de los distritos de Simbal y Poroto, provincia de Trujillo. Se aplicaron 183 encuestas en el distrito de Simbal y 219 en el distrito de Poroto, considerando el total de viviendas aleatoriamente. Los parámetros demográficos en el distrito de Simbal indican una relación can/ persona 1:3.49, de los cuales 57.5% corresponde a machos, 95.4% enteros, 92.69% mestizos y 49.8% no vacunados; la relación felina/ persona 1:7.5, de los cuales 53.3% corresponden a hembras, 93.1% enteros, 100% mestizos, no vacunado 88.2%. Los niveles de conocimiento de los pobladores indican que el 84.7% no conoce el término zoonosis, el 62.3% reconocen la rabia de los cuales el 58.5% atribuyen la mordedura y saliva como mecanismo de transmisión. Entre las parasitosis, el 53.6% reconocen la sarna de los cuales el 43.7% indican la transmisión por pulgas y garrapatas. Los resultados obtenidos en el distrito de Poroto nos reportan una relación can/ persona 1:4.75, de los cuales 56.7% corresponde a machos, 90.9% enteros, 81.3% mestizos y 46.5% vacunados en campañas antirrábicas; la relación felina/ persona 1:8.5, de los cuales 54.3% corresponden a hembras, la totalidad de la población corresponde animales enteros y mestizos, no vacunados 96.2%. Los niveles de conocimiento de los pobladores indican que el 87.7% no conoce el término zoonosis, el 46.6% reconocen la rabia de los cuales el 43.8% atribuyen la mordedura y saliva como mecanismo de transmisión. Entre las parasitosis, el 46.6% reconocen la sarna de los cuales el 29.7% indican la transmisión por pulgas y garrapatasWith the purpose of characterizing the canine and feline population with owner and the perception of its inhabitants in the knowledge of zoonotic diseases of the districts of Simbal and Poroto, province of Trujillo. 183 surveys were applied in the Simbal district and 219 in the Poroto district, considering the total number of dwellings at random. Demographic parameters in the Simbal district indicate a 1:3.49: can/ person ratio, of which 57.5% correspond to males, 95.4% integers, 92.69% mestizos and 49.8% not vaccinated; the feline/ person ratio 1:7.5, of which 53.3% correspond to females, 93.1% integers, 100% mestizos, unvaccinated 88.2%. The levels of knowledge of the inhabitants indicate that 84.7% do not know the term zoonosis, 62.3% recognize rabies, of which 58.5% attribute biting and saliva as a transmission mechanism. Among parasitoses, 53.6% recognize scabies of which 43.7% indicate transmission by fleas and ticks. The results obtained in the Poroto district reporta 1:4.75 can/ person ratio, of which 56.7% correspond to males, 90.9% integers, 81.3% mestizos and 46.5% vaccinated in anti-rabies campaigns; thefeline/ person ratio 1:8.5, of which 54.3% correspond to females, the entire population corresponds to whole and mixed animals, not vaccinated 96.2%. The levels of knowledge of the inhabitants indicate that 87.7% do not know the term zoonosis, 46.6% recognize rabies, of which 43.8% attribute biting and saliva as a transmission mechanism. Among parasitoses, 46.6% recognize scabies, of which 29.7% indicate transmission by fleas and ticks.Tesi

Using Kinect to classify Parkinson's disease stages related to severity of gait impairment

Background: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease associated with motor problems such as gait impairment. Different systems based on 3D cameras, accelerometers or gyroscopes have been used in related works in order to study gait disturbances in PD. Kinect has also been used to build these kinds of systems, but contradictory results have been reported: some works conclude that Kinect does not provide an accurate method of measuring gait kinematics variables, but others, on the contrary, report good accuracy results. Methods: In this work, we have built a Kinect-based system that can distinguish between different PD stages, and have performed a clinical study with 30 patients suffering from PD belonging to three groups: early PD patients without axial impairment, more evolved PD patients with higher gait impairment but without Freezing of Gait (FoG), and patients with advanced PD and FoG. Those patients were recorded by two Kinect devices when they were walking in a hospital corridor. The datasets obtained from the Kinect were preprocessed, 115 features identified, some methods were applied to select the relevant features (correlation based feature selection, information gain, and consistency subset evaluation), and different classification methods (decision trees, Bayesian networks, neural networks and K-nearest neighbours classifiers) were evaluated with the goal of finding the most accurate method for PD stage classification. Results: The classifier that provided the best results is a particular case of a Bayesian Network classifier (similar to a Naïve Bayesian classifier) built from a set of 7 relevant features selected by the correlation-based on feature selection method. The accuracy obtained for that classifier using 10-fold cross validation is 93.40%. The relevant features are related to left shin angles, left humerus angles, frontal and lateral bents, left forearm angles and the number of steps during spin. Conclusions: In this paper, it is shown that using Kinect is adequate to build a inexpensive and comfortable system that classifies PD into three different stages related to FoG. Compared to the results of previous works, the obtained accuracy (93.40%) can be considered high. The relevant features for the classifier are: a) movement and position of the left arm, b) trunk position for slightly displaced walking sequences, and c) left shin angle, for straight walking sequences. However, we have obtained a better accuracy (96.23%) for a classifier that only uses features extracted from slightly displaced walking steps and spin walking steps. Finally, the obtained set of relevant features may lead to new rehabilitation therapies for PD patients with gait problems

Considerations for future modification of The Association for the Study of Reproductive Biology embryo grading system incorporating time-lapse observations

10 Pág.The Association for the Study of Reproductive Biology (ASEBIR) Interest Group in Embryology (in Spanish 'Grupo de Interés de Embriología') reviewed key morphokinetic parameters to assess the contribution of time-lapse technology (TLT) to the ASEBIR grading system. Embryo grading based on morphological characteristics is the most widely used method in human assisted reproduction laboratories. The introduction and implementation of TLT has provided a large amount of information that can be used as a complementary tool for morphological embryo evaluation and selection. As part of IVF treatments, embryologists grade embryos to decide which embryos to transfer or freeze. At the present, the embryo grading system developed by ASEBIR does not consider dynamic events observed through TLT. Laboratories that are using TLT consider those parameters as complementary data for embryo selection. The aim of this review was to evaluate review time-specific morphological changes during embryo development that are not included in the ASEBIR scoring system, and to consider them as candidates to add to the scoring system.Peer reviewe

A Shortcut from Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) to Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): c-MYC a Promising Target for Preventative Strategies and Individualized Therapy

Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has risen as one of the leading etiologies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oncogenes have been suggested to be responsible for the high risk of MAFLD-related HCC. We analyzed the impact of the proto-oncogene c-MYC in the development of human and murine MAFLD and MAFLD-associated HCC. Methods: alb-myctg mice were studied at baseline conditions and after administration of Western diet (WD) in comparison to WT littermates. c-MYC expression was analyzed in biopsies of patients with MAFLD and MAFLD-associated HCC by immunohistochemistry. Results: Mild obesity, spontaneous hyperlipidaemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance were characteristic of 36-week-old alb-myctg mice. Middle-aged alb-myctg exhibited liver steatosis and increased triglyceride content. Liver injury and inflammation were associated with elevated ALT, an upregulation of ER-stress response and increased ROS production, collagen deposition and compensatory proliferation. At 52 weeks, 20% of transgenic mice developed HCC. WD feeding exacerbated metabolic abnormalities, steatohepatitis, fibrogenesis and tumor prevalence. Therapeutic use of metformin partly attenuated the spontaneous MAFLD phenotype of alb-myctg mice. Importantly, upregulation and nuclear localization of c-MYC were characteristic of patients with MAFLD and MAFLD-related HCC. Conclusions: A novel function of c-MYC in MAFLD progression was identified opening new avenues for preventative strategies

A Shortcut from Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) to Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): c-MYC a Promising Target for Preventative Strategies and Individualized Therapy

Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has risen as one of the leading etiologies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oncogenes have been suggested to be responsible for the high risk of MAFLD-related HCC. We analyzed the impact of the proto-oncogene c-MYC in the development of human and murine MAFLD and MAFLD-associated HCC. Methods: alb-myctg mice were studied at baseline conditions and after administration of Western diet (WD) in comparison to WT littermates. c-MYC expression was analyzed in biopsies of patients with MAFLD and MAFLD-associated HCC by immunohistochemistry. Results: Mild obesity, spontaneous hyperlipidaemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance were characteristic of 36-week-old alb-myctg mice. Middle-aged alb-myctg exhibited liver steatosis and increased triglyceride content. Liver injury and inflammation were associated with elevated ALT, an upregulation of ER-stress response and increased ROS production, collagen deposition and compensatory proliferation. At 52 weeks, 20% of transgenic mice developed HCC. WD feeding exacerbated metabolic abnormalities, steatohepatitis, fibrogenesis and tumor prevalence. Therapeutic use of metformin partly attenuated the spontaneous MAFLD phenotype of alb-myctg mice. Importantly, upregulation and nuclear localization of c-MYC were characteristic of patients with MAFLD and MAFLD-related HCC. Conclusions: A novel function of c-MYC in MAFLD progression was identified opening new avenues for preventative strategies

A Roadmap for HEP Software and Computing R&D for the 2020s

Particle physics has an ambitious and broad experimental programme for the coming decades. This programme requires large investments in detector hardware, either to build new facilities and experiments, or to upgrade existing ones. Similarly, it requires commensurate investment in the R&D of software to acquire, manage, process, and analyse the shear amounts of data to be recorded. In planning for the HL-LHC in particular, it is critical that all of the collaborating stakeholders agree on the software goals and priorities, and that the efforts complement each other. In this spirit, this white paper describes the R&D activities required to prepare for this software upgrade.Peer reviewe

Changing geographical patterns and trends in cancer incidence in children and adolescents in Europe, 1991–2010 (Automated Childhood Cancer Information System): a population-based study

Background: A deceleration in the increase in cancer incidence in children and adolescents has been reported in several national and regional studies in Europe. Based on a large database representing 1·3 billion person-years over the period 1991–2010, we provide a consolidated report on cancer incidence trends at ages 0–19 years. Methods: We invited all population-based cancer registries operating in European countries to participate in this population-based registry study. We requested a listing of individual records of cancer cases, including sex, age, date of birth, date of cancer diagnosis, tumour sequence number, primary site, morphology, behaviour, and the most valid basis of diagnosis. We also requested population counts in each calendar year by sex and age for the registration area, from official national sources, and specific information about the covered area and registration practices. An eligible registry could become a contributor if it provided quality data for all complete calendar years in the period 1991–2010. Incidence rates and the average annual percentage change with 95% CIs were reported for all cancers and major diagnostic groups, by region and overall, separately for children (age 0–14 years) and adolescents (age 15–19 years). We examined and quantified the stability of the trends with joinpoint analyses. Findings: For the years 1991–2010, 53 registries in 19 countries contributed a total of 180 335 unique cases. We excluded 15 162 (8·4%) of 180 335 cases due to differing practices of registration, and considered the quality indicators for the 165 173 cases included to be satisfactory. The average annual age-standardised incidence was 137·5 (95% CI 136·7–138·3) per million person-years and incidence increased significantly by 0·54% (0·44–0·65) per year in children (age 0–14 years) with no change in trend. In adolescents, the combined European incidence was 176·2 (174·4–178·0) per million person-years based on all 35 138 eligible cases and increased significantly by 0·96% (0·73–1·19) per year, although recent changes in rates among adolescents suggest a deceleration in this increasing trend. We observed temporal variations in trends by age group, geographical region, and diagnostic group. The combined age-standardised incidence of leukaemia based on 48 458 cases in children was 46·9 (46·5–47·3) per million person-years and increased significantly by 0·66% (0·48–0·84) per year. The average overall incidence of leukaemia in adolescents was 23·6 (22·9–24·3) per million person-years, based on 4702 cases, and the average annual change was 0·93% (0·49–1·37). We also observed increasing incidence of lymphoma in adolescents (average annual change 1·04% [0·65–1·44], malignant CNS tumours in children (average annual change 0·49% [0·20–0·77]), and other tumours in both children (average annual change 0·56 [0·40–0·72]) and adolescents (average annual change 1·17 [0·82–1·53]). Interpretation: Improvements in the diagnosis and registration of cancers over time could partly explain the observed increase in incidence, although some changes in underlying putative risk factors cannot be excluded. Cancer incidence trends in this young population require continued monitoring at an international level. Funding: Federal Ministry of Health of the Federal German Government, the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme, and International Agency for Research on Cancer

The radio is dead. Long live the radio : Proceedings of the I International Conference on Audiovisual Communication and Advertising held in Leioa 24 and 25 November 2011

A menudo, el deslumbramiento de los nuevos medios impide el reconocimiento debido a otras alternativas de comunicación social que, de manera persistente y discreta, han llegado a confundirse con nuestra propia vida. Es el caso de este medio invisible, que bien se merecía un congreso dedicado a la mejor radio y a uno de sus mayores inspiradores, Bertolt Brecht, quien ochenta años atrás imaginó una radio interactiva cuando no existía la tecnología necesaria para hacer realidad su sueño. Hoy como ayer, las voces comunicantes de la radio cuentan mil y una historias que los oyentes siguen como si les fuera la vida en ello. Quizá la radio no esté a la cabeza de las industrias creativas, pero su magia sigue desatando la imaginación y la creatividad de las audiencias. Es por eso, y por su cercanía, que da tanta confianza y es tan querida. Nada más lejos de nuestra intención que la autocomplacencia, un virus tanto o más peligroso que el ruido y la cacofonía radiofónica, que de todo hay en el dial. Los participantes en este encuentro nos hemos conjurado a favor de una radio abierta; hecha con cabeza y corazón, como la vida misma; y más acogedora con los jóvenes creadores, que no lo saben todo de la radio, pero, por eso mismo, están mejor preparados para llevar el ritmo que bailan las neuronas de las nuevas audiencias. Una radio que da la palabra a la gente, sabe escuchar, y no se agota en el ejercicio inútil de escucharse a sí misma

Familiako giroaren kalitatea eta haurraren garapen psikologikoa Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan: azterketa deskriptiboa

Lan honen helburua familia-inguruneak haurraren garapenean duen eragina aztertzea da. Horretarako, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko bost urteko 551 haurren lagina hartu zen (%54,3 mutilak eta %45,7 neskak) eta haur horien familia-ingurunearen kalitatea, gurasoen hezteko moduak, eta senar-emazteen arteko adostasunak eta gatazkak ebaluatu ziren, baita haurren garapen-maila eta gaitasun kognitiboa ere. Hona hemen emaitzetako batzuk: familia-ingurunearen kalitate-maila ertain-altua (%48,3), jokabideari eta baloreei buruzko adierazpenezko heziketa (%96,7), senar-emazteen arteko gatazka-maila ertain-baxua (%65,3) eta haurren garapen-maila ertain-altua (%49,7). Azterketan, bestalde, gurasoentzako formazio-politikak garatu beharra azpimarratzen da, haurraren garapen psikologikoa ahalik eta gehien hobetzen duen familiako elkarrekintza bultzatzeko

Predicting the likelihood of live birth: an objective and user-friendly blastocyst grading system

9 Pág.Can day-5 blastocysts be ranked according to their likelihood of live birth using an objective and user-friendly grading system?Peer reviewe