4,595 research outputs found

    On the Responsiveness of Supply Chains

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    Increasingly often we hear that ‘we are entering the era of network competition’ and that corporations increasingly recognize that they are competing as supply chains and not as firms (Hammer, 2001). What makes such statements interesting is the presumption that we already know a lot about the constitution of networks and supply chains. This paper is based on case studies of two firms at the very beginning of their SCM journey. Our research is driven by the following questions: How do supply chains come about? How does supply chain management responsiveness result? Our research suggests why it is important to recognize that Supply Chain Management does not begin at the gates of the company. Paradoxically, external supply chain responsiveness has more to do with the internal coordination of managerial and technical activities than current SCM theories anticipate

    Blue Planet Biophilia

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    Blue Planet Biophilia is a collection of final drawings, diagrams and renders that explore how water can be integrated into the workspace to benefit workers’ wellbeing. According to biologist E. O. Wilson, ‘Biophlia’ refers to an innate and genetically determined affinity of human beings with the natural world. These designs show how water can provide natural ventilation and a more ‘biophilic’ atmosphere. With sites in both London and Barcelona, Dechow focuses on designing spaces where the user is surrounded by both the physical presence and the natural acoustics of water. The final design shows an ocean-plastic recycling hub with an adjoining design studio on the coast of Barcelona. Giant cones bring the rolling, crashing and lapping acoustics of the water beneath the building up into the workspace, where designers can sit and work surrounded by ocean views, and the comings and goings of the Mediterranean fishermen

    An optical mixing spectroscopic study of interfacial fluctuations

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    Preface to Intertwingled: The Work and Influence of Ted Nelson

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    This is the preface to Intertwingled: The Work and Influence of Ted Nelson , which examines and honors the work and influence of the computer visionary and re-imagines its meaning for the future. Emerging from a conference held in 2014 at Chapman University, it includes contributions from world-renowned computer scientists and media figures. The full text of this book is available on an open access basis at Springer. The blog for the Intertwingled Conference can be read here.https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/scs_books/1023/thumbnail.jp

    The Interrelation between Audit Quality and Managerial Reporting Choices and Its Effects on Financial Reporting Quality

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    Two distinct lines of research have been dedicated to empirically testing how financial reporting quality (measured as the earnings response coefficient or ERC) is associated with management's choice of reporting bias and with audit quality. However, researchers have yet to consider how ERCs are affected by either the auditor's reaction to changes in the manager's reporting bias or the manager's reaction to changes in audit quality. Our study provides theoretical guidance on these interrelations and how changes in the manager's or the auditor's incentives affect both reporting bias and audit quality. Specifically, when the manager's cost (benefit) of reporting bias increases (decreases), we find that expected bias decreases, inducing the auditor to react by reducing audit quality. Because we also find that the association between expected audit quality and ERCs is always positive, changes in managerial incentives for biased reporting lead to a positive association between ERCs and expected reporting bias. When the cost of auditing decreases or the cost of auditor liability increases, we find that expected audit quality increases, inducing the manager to react by decreasing reporting bias. In this case, changes in the costs of audit quality lead to a negative association between ERCs and expected reporting bias. Finally, we demonstrate the impact of our theoretical findings by focusing on the empirical observations documented in the extant literature on managerial ownership and accounting expertise on the audit committee. In light of our framework, we provide new interpretations of these empirical observations and new predictions for future research

    Evolutionary flexibility in routes to mat formation by Pseudomonas

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    Abstract Many bacteria form mats at the air-liquid interface of static microcosms. These structures typically involve the secretion of exopolysaccharides, the production of which is often controlled by the secondary messenger c-di-GMP. Mechanisms of mat formation have been particularly well characterized in Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25; stimuli or mutations that increase c-di-GMP production by diguanylate cyclases (WspR, AwsR, and MwsR) result in the secretion of cellulose and mat formation. Here, we characterize and compare mat formation in two close relatives of SBW25: Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 and P. fluorescens A506. We find that PICF7?the strain more closely related to SBW25?can form mats through mutations affecting the activity of the same three diguanylate cyclases as SBW25. However, instead of cellulose, these mutations activate production of the exopolysaccharide Pel. We also provide evidence for at least two further?as yet uncharacterized?routes to mat formation by PICF7. P. fluorescens A506, while retaining the same mutational routes to mat formation as SBW25 and PICF7, preferentially forms mats by a semi-heritable mechanism that culminates in Psl and Pga over-production. Our results demonstrate a high level of evolutionary flexibility in the molecular and structural routes to mat formation, even among close relatives

    Understanding Earnings Quality: A Review of the Proxies, Their Determinants and Their Consequences

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    Researchers have used various measures as indications of “earnings quality” including persistence, accruals, smoothness, timeliness, loss avoidance, investor responsiveness, and external indicators such as restatements and SEC enforcement releases. For each measure, we discuss causes of variation in the measure as well as consequences. We reach no single conclusion on what earnings quality is because “quality” is contingent on the decision context. We also point out that the “quality” of earnings is a function of the firm’s fundamental performance. The contribution of a firm’s fundamental performance to its earnings quality is suggested as one area for future work

    Financial Reporting Quality, Private Information, Monitoring, and the Lease-versus-Buy Decision

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    A flourishing stream of research suggests that liquidity-constrained firms with low accounting quality have limited access to capital for investments. We extend this research by investigating whether these firms are more likely to lease their assets. Lessors’ superior control rights allow them to provide capital to constrained firms with low-quality accounting reports. Consistent with this conjecture, we find that low accounting quality firms have a higher propensity to lease than purchase assets. To verify that leasing does not merely reflect these firms’ desire for off-balance-sheet accounting, we investigate whether banks’ access to private information and monitoring affect the relation between accounting quality and leasing. We find the association between accounting quality and leasing decreases when banks have higher monitoring incentives and when loans contain capital expenditure provisions. These results suggest that other mechanisms can substitute for the role of accounting quality in reducing information problems
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