2,964 research outputs found
Irish republican internal politics, c.1965-72: competition, fragmentation, and the adoption of violence
This dissertation traces the changing strategies adopted by Irish republicans in competition with one another, during the period 1965-72. Two distinct forms of political conflict are identified and examined: internal and inter-organisational competition. In each political context, the competitive strategies devised and employed were markedly different. Between 1965-9, the predominant form of republican competition was intra-organisational in nature. Rival teams within the IRA were formed as a result of ideological divergence. In a most strategic fashion, these teams adopted a range of manoeuvres aimed at securing the levers of power. This dissertation argues, contrary to former historical accounts, that the IRA split of 1969 was triggered by a shift in control. One team managed to eventually obtain the means of control so as to allow them to determine the direction of that revolutionary vehicle. Consequently, the losing faction(s) were forced to adopt a second-rate, schismatic, strategy. Splits are, therefore, indicative of centralisation within an organisation and can only be indirectly explained by ideological and strategic divisions. The split, in severely fragmenting republican politics, qualitatively transformed the competition. Rival IRAs, amid decentralisation in Northern Ireland, engaged in a dual contest between themselves and the British state to control events and spaces. In this context, violence was frequently adopted as a means of extending and maintaining authority. By isolating the strands of republican competition for analysis, it is argued that the civil war in Northern Ireland must be re-examined as an entanglement of secondary and primary conflicts. Multiple lines of competition overlapped with one another making it difficult to determine who were allies and enemies
Astrometric and photometric initial mass functions from the UKIDSS Galactic Clusters Survey - II. The Alpha Persei open cluster
This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2012 The Authors. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.We present the results of a deep (J = 19.1mag) infrared (ZYJHK) survey over the full α Per open cluster extracted from the Data Release 9 of the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey Galactic Clusters Survey (UKIDSS). We have selected ∼700 cluster member candidates in ∼56 square degrees in α Per by combining photometry in five near-infrared passbands and proper motions derived from the multiple epochs provided by the UKIDSS Galactic Clusters Survey (GCS) Data Release 9 (DR9). We also provide revised membership for all previously published α Per low-mass stars and brown dwarfs recovered in GCS based on the new photometry and astrometry provided by DR9. We find no evidence of K-band variability in members of α Per with dispersion less than 0.06-0.09mag. We employed two independent but complementary methods to derive the cluster luminosity and mass functions: a probabilistic analysis and a more standard approach consisting of stricter astrometric and photometric cuts. We find that the resulting luminosity and mass functions obtained from both methods are consistent. We find that the shape of the α Per mass function is similar to that of the Pleiades although the characteristic mass may be higher after including higher mass data from earlier studies (the dispersion is comparable). We conclude that the mass functions of α Per, the Pleiades and Praesepe are best reproduced by a log-normal representation similar to the system field mass function although with some variation in the characteristic mass and dispersion values.Peer reviewe
Southern Infrared Proper Motion Survey I: Discovery of New High Proper Motion Stars From First Full Hemisphere Scan
We present the first results from the Southern Infrared Proper Motion Survey.
Using 2 Micron All Sky Survey data along with that of the SuperCOSMOS sky
survey we have been able to produce the first widefield infrared proper motion
survey. Having targeted the survey to identify nearby M, L and T dwarfs we have
discovered 72 such new objects with proper motions greater than 0.5''/yr with
10 of these having proper motions in excess of 1''/yr. The most interesting of
these objects is SIPS1259-4336 a late M dwarf. We have calculated a
trigonometric parallax for this object of milliarcseconds
yielding a distance of pc. We have also discovered a common proper
motion triple system and an object with a common proper motion with LHS 128.
The survey completeness is limited by the small epoch differences between many
2MASS and UKI observations. Hence we only recover 22% of Luyten objects with
favourable photometry. However the Luyten study is itself unquantifiably
incomplete. We discuss the prospect of enhancing the survey volume by reducing
the lower proper motion limit.Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and
Astrophysic
Development and preservation of transgressive sandy versus rocky shorelines: Observations from the SE African shelf
Report of the Sydney Women and Sexual Health (SWASH) Survey 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014
The Sydney Women and Sexual Health (SWASH) survey is a comprehensive survey of important health issues relevant to lesbian, bisexual and queer (LBQ) women including sexual health and wellbeing, violence, mental health, tobacco use, illicit drug use, alcohol consumption, and cancer screening behaviours. This report presents results from surveys conducted at the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras Fair Day and other community events and venues during the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras seasons in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014. It highlights several health issues of particular concern – many of which have persisted over time – where mainstream preventive health interventions that are inclusive of this group or targeted to LBQ, are needed.ACON (formerly the AIDS Council of NSW) is NSW’s leading health promotion organisation specialising in HIV prevention, care and support, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) health
Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs in Praesepe
Presented are the results of a large and deep optical-near-infrared
multi-epoch survey of the Praesepe open star cluster using data from the UKIDSS
Galactic Clusters Survey. Multiple colour magnitude diagrams were used to
select potential members and proper motions were used to assign levels of
membership probability. From our sample, 145 objects were designated as high
probability members (p >= 0.6) with most of these having been found by previous
surveys although 14 new cluster members are also identified. Our membership
assignment is restricted to the bright sample of objects (Z < 18). From the
fainter sample, 39 candidates were found from an examination of multiple colour
magnitude plots. Of these, 2 have small but significant membership
probabilities. Finally, using theoretical models, cluster luminosity and mass
functions were plotted with the later being fitted with a power law of alpha =
1.11 +/- 0.37 for the mass range 0.6 to 0.125 Msun and an assumed cluster age
of 500 Myrs in the UKIDSS Z photometric band. Likewise taking an assumed
cluster age of 1 Gyr we find alpha = 1.10 +/- 0.37. Similar values were also
found for the J and K bands. These results compare favourably with the result
of Kraus & Hillenbrand (2007) (alpha = 1.4 +/- 0.2) but are significantly lower
than that of the more recent study conducted by Boudreault et al. (2009) (alpha
= 1.8 +/- 0.1).Comment: 21 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables and 4 appendices. Accepted for
publication in MNRAS, corrected a missing referenc
Southern Infrared Proper Motion Survey III: Constraining the mass function of low mass stars
The stellar mass function is one of the fundamental distributions of stellar
astrophysics. Its form at masses similar to the Sun was found by Salpeter
(1955) to be a power-law with a slope of . Since
then the mass function in the field, in stellar clusters and in other galaxies
has been studied to identify variation due to environment and mass range. Here
we use results from previous papers in the SIPS series to constrain the mass
function of low mass stars (0.075Mm). We use simulations
of the low mass local stellar population based on those in Deacon & Hambly
(2006) to model the results of the SIPS-II survey (Deacon & Hambly, 2007). We
then vary the input parameters of these simulations (the exponent of the mass
function and a stellar birthrate parameter ) and compare the
simulated survey results with those from the actual survey. After a correction
for binarity and taking into account potential errors in our model we find that
for the quoted mass range.Comment: Submitted to astro-p
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