Clasificación de las necesidades de conocimiento de los diseñadores para el desarrollo de sistemas KBE para PYMEs

Ponencia presentada en el IX Congreso Internacional de Ingeniería de Proyectos celebrado en Málaga en el año 2005Este documento describe una revisión bibliográfica de las clasificaciones del conocimiento en diseño y propone una clasificación de las necesidades de conocimiento de los diseñadores, con el objetivo utilizarlas en la elaboración de una taxonomía de la base de conocimientos necesarios para el desarrollo de sistemas KBE acordes a las neces idades de las PYMEs, a nivel estratégico (corporativo) organizativo (táctico) y proyectual (operativo). La propuesta está fundamentada en la combinación de las clasificaciones teóricas de Nonaka y Takeuchi (1995), Hubka y Eder (1997) y Marsh (1997) y es resuelta empíricamente, mediante la reflexión con base en una serie de preguntas básicas que se hace el diseñador cuando se enfrenta a un problema de diseño en el trabajo diario de diseñar y desarrollar el producto. Las necesidades de conocimiento de los diseñadores se han agrupado en cuatro categorías: * Proceso de diseño * Producto * Proceso de producción * Entorno y recursos Los beneficios y aplicaciones potenciales de este trabajo son: * Facilitar el diseño y desarrollo de nuevos sistemas KBE bien adaptados a su ámbito de uso, en el sentido que puedan satisfacer todas las necesidades de conocimiento. * Servir como base para desarrollar módulos complementarios a los sistemas CAD que asistan y faciliten la gestión del conocimiento durante el proceso de diseño

Identifying evidence-based interventions for children and adolescents using the range of possible changes model: A meta-analytic illustration

We are very grateful to Kelly D. Brownell, Julia Kim-Cohen, Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, and Peter Salovey for extremely insightful discussions and commentaries on previous versions of this manuscript. We also thank Jennifer Thomas, Jessica Cronce, and Amelia Aldao for their careful and diligent participation as coders for this study. Please address correspondence to Andres De Los Reyes, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland at College Park, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123H, College Park, MD 20742; office: 301-405-7049; e-mail: [email protected] article discusses a study involving a framework (range of possible changes [RPC] Model) developed and applied to identify patterns in consistent and inconsistent intervention outcomes effects by informant, measurement method, and method of statistical analysis to the meta-analytic study of trials testing two evidence-based interventions for children and adolescents (youth-focused cognitive-behavioral treatment for child anxiety problems; parent-focused behavioral parent training for childhood conduct problems). This article illustrates how findings gleaned from applying the RPC Model allow for unique opportunities for hypothesis generation based on the patterns of consistent outcomes effects. Based on the RPC Model, studies can be closely examined to identify the specific instances in which interventions yield robust effects, and the authors illustrate how examining effects in this way can lead to new understandings of interventions and the outcomes they produce. Findings suggest that researchers can employ previously underutilized patterns of consistencies and inconsistencies in outcomes effects as new resources for identifying evidence-based interventions.This work was supported, in part, by National Institute of Mental Health Grant MH67540 (Andres De Los Reyes). This work was also supported by National Institute of Mental Health Grant MH59029 (Alan E. Kazdin)

Dynamic sampling schemes for optimal noise learning under multiple nonsmooth constraints

We consider the bilevel optimisation approach proposed by De Los Reyes, Sch\"onlieb (2013) for learning the optimal parameters in a Total Variation (TV) denoising model featuring for multiple noise distributions. In applications, the use of databases (dictionaries) allows an accurate estimation of the parameters, but reflects in high computational costs due to the size of the databases and to the nonsmooth nature of the PDE constraints. To overcome this computational barrier we propose an optimisation algorithm that by sampling dynamically from the set of constraints and using a quasi-Newton method, solves the problem accurately and in an efficient way

Sufficient second-order optimality conditions for semilinear control problems with pointwise state constraints

Second-order sufficient optimality conditions are established for the optimal control of semilinear elliptic and parabolic equations with pointwise constraints on the control and the state. In contrast to former publications on this subject, the cone of critical directions is the smallest possible in the sense that the second-order sufficient conditions are the closest to the associated necessary ones. The theory is developed for elliptic distributed controls in domains up to dimension three. Moreover, problems of elliptic boundary control and parabolic distributed control are discussed in spatial domains of dimension two and one, respectively

Archaeological survey and sampling: the experience in the Ager Salmanticensis (Salamanca, Spain)

La prospección arqueológica se ha revelado como una técnica fundamental para la obtención de datos en los estudios científicos a la vez que se ha convertido en una herramienta usada por las distintas administraciones al servicio del registro y protección del patrimonio arqueológico. La metodología de la prospección ha experimentado un considerable desarrollo técnico en los últimos años, si bien la aceptación de las nuevas estrategias en la práctica arqueológica ha sido desigual. En el trabajo que presentamos, partiendo de la experiencia de nuestro equipo en la investigación desarrollada en el ager Salmanticensis (Salamanca, España), se argumenta acerca de cómo los resultados obtenidos en los trabajos de prospección arqueológica están altamente condicionados por los criterios que se apliquen en el diseño previo a los trabajos y las técnicas elegidas para llevar a cabo el muestreo de los restos en superficie.The archaeological survey has been tested as a basic tool in order to obtain scientific data. Besides, this method has been used by different administrations in the service of registration and protection of archaeological heritage. The archaeological survey has experienced a considerable technical development in recent years. However, the acceptance of the new strategies recently developed in archaeological survey has been uneven. This article, based in the experience obtained our research team in the ager Salmanticensis (Salamanca, Spain), deals with how the results of the survey are highly conditioned by the criteria applied in the previous design work and the techniques used to perform sampling surface

Optical Enhancement of Exoskeleton-Based Estimation of Glenohumeral Angles

In Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation (RAR) the accurate estimation of the patient limb joint angles is critical for assessing therapy efficacy. In RAR, the use of classic motion capture systems (MOCAPs) (e.g., optical and electromagnetic) to estimate the Glenohumeral (GH) joint angles is hindered by the exoskeleton body, which causes occlusions and magnetic disturbances. Moreover, the exoskeleton posture does not accurately reflect limb posture, as their kinematic models differ. To address the said limitations in posture estimation, we propose installing the cameras of an optical marker-based MOCAP in the rehabilitation exoskeleton. Then, the GH joint angles are estimated by combining the estimated marker poses and exoskeleton Forward Kinematics. Such hybrid system prevents problems related to marker occlusions, reduced camera detection volume, and imprecise joint angle estimation due to the kinematic mismatch of the patient and exoskeleton models. This paper presents the formulation, simulation, and accuracy quantification of the proposed method with simulated human movements. In addition, a sensitivity analysis of the method accuracy to marker position estimation errors, due to system calibration errors and marker drifts, has been carried out. The results show that, even with significant errors in the marker position estimation, method accuracy is adequate for RAR

Pulsar Prospects for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

In the last few years, the Fermi-LAT telescope has discovered over a 100 pulsars at energies above 100 MeV, increasing the number of known gamma-ray pulsars by an order of magnitude. In parallel, imaging Cherenkov telescopes, such as MAGIC and VERITAS, have detected for the first time VHE pulsed gamma-rays from the Crab pulsar. Such detections have revealed that the Crab VHE spectrum follows a power-law up to at least 400 GeV, challenging most theoretical models, and opening wide possibilities of detecting more pulsars from the ground with the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). In this contribution, we study the capabilities of CTA for detecting Fermi pulsars. For this, we extrapolate their spectra with "Crab-like" power-law tails in the VHE range, as suggested by the latest MAGIC and VERITAS results.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. In Proceedings of the 2012 Heidelberg Symposium on High Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy. All CTA contributions at arXiv:1211.184

Improvement of multilateration(MLAT) accuracy and convergence for airport surveillance

AbstractIn this paper, westudy, evaluate and develop the use of regularization methods to solve the location problem in multilateration systems using Mode-S signals. The Tikhonov method has been implemented as a first applicationto solve the classical system of hyperbolic equations in multilateration systems. Some simulations are obtained and the results are compared with those obtained by the well established Taylor linearization and with the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound analysis. Significant improvements are found for the applicationof Tikhonov method

Tratamientos fungicidas para el control del chancro causado por Diplodia sp. en alcornoque

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un ensayo de fungicidas para el control de daños de Diplodia sp. sobre alcornoque. Los productos ensayados han sido: oxicloruro de cobre, folpet y benomilo. El análisis en laboratorio de las muestras recogidas corroboró la abundante presencia de Diplodia sp. en la parcela de San Carlos del Tiradero (Cádiz). Los árboles tratados con benomilo y benomilo + oxicloruro de cobre presentaban menor número de chancros que los demás, aunque no han existido diferencias significativas entre los distintos tratamientos y los árboles testigos. En ambas parcelas, la severidad de los síntomas resultó significativamente menor en los árboles tratados con benomilo + oxicloruro de cobre. Los resultados han puesto de manifiesto la eficacia de los tratamientos de benomilo y benomilo + oxicloruro de cobre para el control de daños de Diplodia sp