Rutina como fotoestabilizadora de protetores solares de amplo espectro / Rutin as photostabilizer for broad spectrum sunscreens

The combination of butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM) and octyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC) is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations but may exhibit alteration in spectral absorption following exposure to UV radiation. The addition of natural substances in sunscreen formulations has been explored regarding photoprotective efficacy. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of rutin as a photostabilizer substance of EHMC and BMBM. The samples were evaluated before and after exposure to UV radiation to in vitro photoprotection and molecular interactions by 1H NMR, DSC, TG and qualitative analysis of the suppression of singlet energy state. The addition of rutin in the formulations containing BMBM and EHMC promoted an increase in the preservation of in vitro SPF of 53.9% to 65.8 (0.1% rutin ) and 70.8 % (1.0% rutin ). The DSC and TG curves of rutin showed interaction between the flavonoid and filters. The trans/cis ratio for EHMC improved from 5.5 ± 0.1 to 12.6 ± 0.4 with rutin addition. The suppression of the singlet state indicated that one of the mechanisms involved in the photostabilization is suppression of singlet excited state. These results can contribute to the development of broad-spectrum sunscreens formulations with increased safety and efficacy

III Diretriz Brasileira de Insuficiência Cardíaca Crônica

Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina Hospital das ClínicasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreUniversidade de Pernambuco Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de PernambucoUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Faculdade de MedicinaFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio PretoFundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul Instituto de CardiologiaRede Labs D'OrUniversidade Federal FluminenseUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de Ciencias MédicasInstituto Dante Pazzanese de CardiologiaSanta Casa de MisericórdiaUniversidade de Pernambuco Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de PernambucoHospital Pró CardíacoHospital de MessejanaPontifícia Universidade Católica do ParanáUniversidade Federal de Goiás Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de São Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoReal e Benemerita Sociedade de Beneficência PortuguesaFaculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas GeraisUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Estudo comparativo de ensaios bacteriológicos para confirmação da presença de Mycobacterium bovis em amostras teciduais de bovino com lesões compatíveis com tuberculose

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-13T18:48:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta__o_marina_de_azevedo_issa.pdf: 428357 bytes, checksum: 0eef51cc3a24d7a0060edffdddc7dfd5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 27O diagnóstico definitivo da tuberculose animal requer o isolamento do agente etiológico. Entretanto, não há um consenso em relação à melhor metodologia para isolamento primário de Mycobacterium bovis no Brasil. Este estudo avaliou os descontaminantes e meios de cultura mais utilizados no país, visando indentificar a melhor combinação para as amostras brasileiras. Três descontaminantes - hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) 2% (p/v), cloreto de hexadecilpiridinium (HPC) 0,75% (p/v) e ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4) 5% (v/v), e quatro meios de cultura - Middlebrook 7H11 com aditivos e suplemento OADC da marca A (7H11 A), o mesmo meio com suplemento da marca B (7H11 B), ágar sangue tuberculose (B83) e meio de Stonebrink (SB) foram comparados. Considerando o sucesso de isolamento, não houve diferença significativa entre as combinações de descontaminantes e meios, exceto 7H11A combinado a qualquer descontaminante. Entretanto, o escore médio de colônias foi significativamente maior quando as amostras foram descontaminadas com o ácido e inoculadas em 7H11 B ou SB, sem diferença significativa entre eles, embora as colônias tenham aparecido mais cedo no meio 7H11B. A marca comercial do suplemento OADC influenciou a taxa de isolamento e o número de colônias isoladas em Middlebrook 7H11. Foi necessário um período de incubação de até quatro semanas para se detectar todas as amostras positivas inoculadas em 7H11 B após descontaminação com H2SO4 5%, mas houve aumento do número de colônias até a sexta semana de incubação. A melhor estratégia para o isolamento primário de M. bovis das amostras brasileiras foi a descontaminação com H2SO4 a 5% (concentração final) e inoculação em meio Middlebrook 7H11 formulado com suplemento OADC da marca B.The definitive diagnosis of animal tuberculosis demands the isolation of its etiological agent. However, there is no consensus on the best methodology for isolation of Mycobacterium bovis in Brazil. This study evaluated the most used decontaminants and culture media in the country, in order to identify the best combination for the Brazilian samples. Three decontaminants - 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (w/v), 0.75% hexadecilpiridinium chloride (HPC) (w/v) and 5% sulphuric acid (H2SO4) (v/v) and four culture media - 7H11 Middlebrook with additives and OADC supplement A (7H11 A), the same medium with another supplement trademark (7H11 B), tuberculosis blood agar (B83) and Stonebrinks medium (SB) were compared. Regarding the isolation success, there were no significant differences between the decontaminants-media combinations, except 7H11A combined to any decontaminant. However, the mean colonies score was significantly greater when the samples were decontaminated with the acid and inoculated in 7H11 B or SB, without significant difference between them, although colonies appeared earlier on 7H11B. The trademark of OADC supplement influenced the isolation rate and the number of isolated colonies in Middlebrook 7H11. An incubation time of four weeks was required to detect all positive samples in 7H11 B after decontamination with 5% H2SO4 but there was an increase in the number of colonies until the sixth week of incubation. Overall, the best strategy for the primary isolation of M. bovis from Brazilian samples was the decontamination with 5% H2SO4 (final concentration) and inoculation in Middlebrook 7H11 medium formulated with OADC supplement B

Evaluation of the productive and reproductive performance of pure bred and crossbred Holstein dairy cows in the Alto do São Francisco-MG

Os dados utilizados neste trabalho foram obtidos de registros individuais de produção e reprodução de vacas da raça Holandesa preto e branca, ½ Holandês-Gir leiteira, ¾ Holandês-Gir leiteira, 7/8 Holandês-Gir leiteira, 15/16 Holandês-Gir leiteira e ½ Holandês- Jersey, oriundas de 23 fazendas localizadas na região do Alto do São Francisco-MG. Todas as fazendas trabalharam com o sistema de manejo semi-intensivo bastante similar. O período estudado foi de 2003 a 2007. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho comparar rebanhos de diferentes graus de sangue e suas eficiências produtivas e reprodutivas, bem como os efeitos das condições ambientais. Estudaram-se 2.872 lactações, intervalos de parto e períodos de serviços. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa SAS (1999), a 5% de probabilidade. Todos os efeitos estudados influenciaram (P < 0,05) as características estudadas, ou seja, a produção de leite, o período de serviço e o intervalo de partos foram influenciados pelo grupo genético, pela fazenda, pelo mês, pelo ano e pela ordem de parto. Neste estudo, os índices reprodutivos mostraram-se satisfatórios, os animais mestiços com maior grau de sangue zebuíno apresentaram os menores índices produtivos e os animais com maior grau de sangue holandês, a menor eficiência reprodutiva, provavelmente pela maior sensibilidade às condições de clima e de manejo. A característica período do parto interferiu tanto nos indicadores reprodutivos quanto produtivos. Quando se refere ao período de serviço e intervalo de partos, os melhores resultados foram para as vacas que pariram na seca e no início das águas, época em que o volumoso fornecido apresenta qualidade superior. O efeito da idade da vaca ao parto sobre a produção total de leite foi linear, tendo sido observado aumento na produção de leite por ano de incremento na idade da vaca ao parto. Esse aumento foi observado até a quinta lactação; da sexta ordem em diante o efeito foi inverso. Este fato, possivelmente, pode ser explicado pelo desenvolvimento fisiológico do organismo do animal nas primeiras lactações e pela posterior idade avançada e senilidade.The data used in this work were obtained from individual records on production and reproduction of black and white Holstein dairy cows, ½ Holstein-Gir, ¾ Holstein- Gir, 7/8 Holstein-Gir, 15/16 Holstein-Gir and ½ Holstein-Jersey, from 23 farms located in the region of Alto do São Francisco-MG. All the farms applied a very similar semiintensive management system. The period assessed was from 2003 to 2007. This study aimed to compare cattle herds presenting different degrees of blood and their productive and reproductive efficiencies as well as environmental condition effects. A total of 2.872 lactations, calving intervals and service periods were studied. The data were analyzed by the SAS program (1999) at 5% probability. All the effects studied influenced (P < 0.05) the characteristics analyzed. In other words, milk production, crossbreed, and calving interval were influenced by the genetic group, farm, year and parity. In this study, the reproductive indices were found to be satisfactory, with the mixed bred animals with a higher degree of Zebu blood presenting the lowest productive indices and the animals with the highest degree of Holstein blood, the lowest reproductive efficiency, likely due to the higher sensitivity to climate and management conditions. The characteristic service period interfered both in the reproductive and productive indicators. The best results for service and calving intervals were obtained during the dry period and in the beginning of the rains, time when the forage supplied presents a higher quality. The effect of age of cow at calving on total dairy production was linear, with increase being observed in the milk production per year of increased age of cow at calving. Such increase was observed up to the fifth lactation; from the sixth order on, the effect was inverted. This fact can likely be explained by the physiological development of the animal's organism during the first lactation periods and by posterior old age and senility

Comparison of nine DNA extraction methods for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis by real time PCR

ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious disease with a high impact on the cattle industry, particularly in developing countries. PCR is a very sensitive method for detection of infectious agents, but the sensitivity of molecular diagnosis is largely dependent on the efficiency of the DNA extraction methods. The objective of this study was to evaluate DNA extraction methods for direct detection of Mycobacterium bovis in bovine tissue. Nine commercial kits for DNA extraction were evaluated when combined with two real time PCRs. The DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit from QIAGEN showed better performance and sensitivity followed by the DNA Mini Kit RBC and FTA Elute Micro Card. Results suggested that, even when the analytical sensitivity of the qPCR is very high, the extraction method can influence the diagnostic sensitivity

Variation in neuronal differentiation of a newly isolated mouse embryonic stem cell line : a detailed immunocytochemistry study.

Neural precursor differentiation from mouse ES (embryonic stem) cells have been demonstrated using EB (embryoid body), co-culture on stromal feeder layers, and in the absence of external inducing signals. Most of available mouse ES cell original research articles have worked with only six different cell lines. Our goals were to isolate one new mouse ES lineage, and perform a detailed immunocytochemistry study during neural differentiation, making use of an EB strategy protocol following the generation of neural progenitors, glial cells and postmitotic neurons. The dynamics of differentiation of ES cell derived neuronal precursors into differentiated glia cells and neurons were followed in vitro and correlated to exposure to specific elements of feeder medium. Morphological aspects of generated cellular types, including its immunocytochemical expression of differentiation markers were studied. Immuno-positivity against b-III tubulin, PGP and TH (tyrosine hydroxylase) was observed from stage I. Approximately 80% of cells were positive for TH at stage I. The first glial cell type appears in stage III. TH, PGP or b-III tubulin-positive cells with neuronal typical morphology only being seen in stage III when TH-positive cells corresponded to approximately 12% of total cells. Variations among other literature findings can be explained by the choice we made to use a newly isolated ES cell line. As colonies may behave differently during neuronal differentiation, it reinforces the necessity of studying original ES cell lines