A Look at how Students in the University of Ghana Realise Final Stops in Monosyllabic Words

Some students in the University of Ghana appear to elide the final stop in monosyllabic words or replace it with a glottal stop. A survey of 20 male and 20 female students of the University of Ghana under the age of 25 was undertaken to elicit how final stops were realized in monosyllabic words

Pidgin, ‘broken’ English and Othering in Ghanaian literature

This paper looks at the manner in which speakers of pidgin and ‘broken’ English are ‘Othered’ in four Ghanaian literary texts: Kobina Sekyi’s The Blinkards (1918), R.E. Obeng’s Eighteenpence (1942), Cameron Duodu’s The Gab Boys (1968) and Kofi Anyidoho’s  Earthchild : with Brain Surgery (1985). In these works, ethnicity, education and class status are tied to language, so that the (usually male) speaker of pidgin and ‘broken’ Ghanaian English (GhaE) is cast as the ‘Other’ whose use of non-standard English prevents him from entering the mainstream of Ghanaian society. The non-standard English speaker typically comes from a background that is geographically and culturally removed from southern Ghana (for example, he may be a foreigner or of northern Ghanaian extraction), and is often a semi-literate or illiterate servant attempting to communicate with his ‘master’. He is childlike, inarticulate, lacks intelligence and/or refinement, and is generally an object of ridicule. Thus a social boundary is created based on these linguistic representations of belonging and exclusion, many of which border on cultural essentialism

PENDAMPINGNAN PENGAJUAN ARTIKEL ILMIAH DIJURNAL ILMIAH ONLINE BAGI MAHASISWA AKHIR STUDI

The purpose of this service is to provide student assistance in submitting and publishing articles in online journals and induction of the Mendeley application. The dedication method uses the Active Participant Participation (PRA) model. Submitting articles in scientific journals generally uses 5 steps to submit (according to the rules of the intended journal and depending on the OJS application used in the journal). After logging in to scientific journals (journals using OJS 2): Click new submission (1), Submit a draft article (Uploading the submission) (2), Fill in the metadata for each Author (Enter Metadata Submission) (3), Upload Supplementary Files namely uploading data related to the contents of the article for revision, generally there are separate instructions from the journal editor (4). Confirming Submission, The inside is the final step and saving your article file can be submitted. Organizing mentoring for submitting articles in online journals, induction of Mendeley applications, and providing expertise that makes it easier for students to write scientific articlesKata Kunci: Jurnal online; Artikel Ilmiah; Aplikasi mendele

Studi Dendrolgis Jenis-jenis Pohon Di Areal Kampus Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang

Study Dendrology of Trees Spesies in Kupang State Agricultural Polytechnic. The research was conducted on field of Politani Kupang, in order to identify trees species located in Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang area. The research used Census method to collected materials on the field; Descriptive method to obtained special characteristics of plants, was held on the field and laboratory, and Identification to got trees name by compared the tree with its proponent literatures. The result showed that there were 36 species of trees from 14 families growing in Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang. Those were Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.u, Bombax ceiba Linn, Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn., Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf., Cassia siamea Lamk., Casuarina equisetifolia Blanco, Terminalia, Macaranga tanarius Muell. Arg., Caesalpinia pulcherrima Sw., Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Ex Bth., Acacia mangium Wiilld., Pterocarpus indicus Willd., Cassia fistula Linn., Pongamia pinnata Merr., Erythrina subumbrans Merr. Acacia famesiana Willd., Bauhinia monandra Kurz., Albizzia lebbek (L.) Benth., Dialium indum L., Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen jeunjing ), Adenanthera pavonina L., Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud., , Melia azedarach L.,Swietenia macrophylla King., Ficus benyamina L., Melaleuca leucadendron Linn., Santalum album L., Schleichera oleosa Merr., Filicium decipiens (Wight & Arn.

Designing Gender-Specific Toilet and Urinal Needs Calculation Templates for Rural and Urban Schools: Lessons from the Republic of Benin

Gender equity, quality education, and sanitation in rural and urban areas are widely considered development imperatives. Therefore, many developed countries have scientifically and technically developed norms for the calculation and the design of toilet and urinal needs of their students, which is not yet the case in most developing countries, including the Republic of Benin, that lack socio-culturally adapted gender-specific toilets and urinal needs calculation and design norms. This paper fills this scientific and gender-specific norms gap, by discussing the process and the results of the design of school toilet and urinal needs calculation templates and norms in the Republic of Benin. The study that led to this design took place between June 2013 and October 2015 and consisted mainly of observing and recording defecation and urination needs satisfaction in toilets and open spaces by 8,160 female and 13,263 male students of 13 schools purposively selected in four agroecological and sociocultural areas of Benin. The main data recorded related, among other data, to the start and end times of the use of the toilets and open spaces; the needs satisfied; the peak times and durations of breaks and of toilet needs satisfaction; the numbers of female and male students and non-students who use and who can potentially use the toilets and urinals. These raw data were processed to infer and calculate eight parameters used in each template. This process led to the design of eight area-, gender-, and disability-specific templates and norms in use since 2016, in the target areas. Further studies will assess and report on the performance of these templates and norms

Re-evaluation of histological diagnoses of malignant mesothelioma by immunohistochemistry

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In order to provide reliable tissue material for malignant mesothelioma (MM) studies, we re-evaluated biopsies and autopsy material from 61 patients with a diagnosis of MM from the period of 1980-2002.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Basic positive (Calretinin, EMA, Podoplanin, Mesothelin) and negative (CEA, Ber-Ep4) immunohistochemical (IHC) marker reactions were determined. If needed, more markers were used. Histological diagnoses were made by three pathologists. Survival data were calculated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>49 cases (80%) were considered being MM by a high degree of likelihood, five more cases possible MM. Of the remaining seven cases, three were diagnosed as adenocarcinoma, three as pleomorphic lung carcinoma, in one peritoneal case a clear entity diagnosis could not be given. One of the possible MM cases and two of the lung carcinoma cases had this already as primary diagnoses, but were registered as MM.</p> <p>With a sensitivity of 100%, Calretinin and CEA were the most reliable single markers. The amount of MM cells with positive immunoreactivity (IR) for Podoplanin and Mesothelin showed most reliable inverse relation to the degree of atypia.</p> <p>In the confirmed MM cases, there had been applied either no IHC or between one and 18 markers.</p> <p>The cases not confirmed by us had either lacked IHC (n = 1), non-specific markers were used (n = 4), IR was different (n = 1), or specific markers had not shown positive IR in the right part of the tumour cells (n = 3).</p> <p>46 of the 49 confirmed and three of the not confirmed cases had been diagnosed by us as most likely MM before IHC was carried out.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In order to use archival tissue material with an earlier MM diagnosis for studies, histopathological re-evaluation is important. In possible sarcomatous MM cases without any positive IR for positive MM markers, radiology and clinical picture are essential parts of diagnostics. IHC based on a panel of two positive and two negative MM markers has to be adapted to the differential diagnostic needs in each single case. New diagnostic tools and techniques are desirable for cases where IHC and other established methods cannot provide a clear entity diagnosis, and in order to improve MM treatment.</p

Morphological and allozyme variation in a collection of Cucumeropsis mannii Naudin (Cucurbitaceae) from Côte d'Ivoire

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