Impingement of an axi-symmetric jet on a flat surface

An incompressible, inviscid irrotational flow model was used to represent the normal impingement of a circular axisymmetric jet upon a flat plate. An analytical investigation was conducted to determine the free surface of the jet and the solution of the potential flow problem was obtained using finite difference techniques for jet height-to-nozzle radius ratio of 2.4. The velocity and pressure distributions at the plate surface and along the jet centerline were obtained. The results from the finite difference solution are in close agreement with other most recent results from available experimental, and approximate solutions to the potential flow problem

In the times of judicial dialogue, which court is more engaged: the Brazilian Supreme Court or the Inter-American Court?

This article analyzes the case law of indigenous communal property by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Specifically, I focus on the light of adoption of the Judicial Dialogue Theory through a theoretical and empirical approach. After a brief overview of human rights rules in Latin America, this work draws upon an original dataset of cases to discuss actions taken by the two courts. I call attention to the importance of crescent exchange among constitutional and international law in the scope of Human Rights, and the necessity of judicial dialogue between courts. However, the judicial dialogue in case law for the national court is hard but not impossible. In conclusion, I argue that the Brazilian Supreme Court is resistant to judicial dialogue with the Inter-American Court through silence which is the posture regarding not a lack of knowledge but of interest to consider the use of foreign or transnational sources

Torn Between the Real Me and the Social Me: Educated Women’s Perspectives of Surviving Marital Abuse

The perspectives of educated women on surviving abusive marital relationships have not been adequately explored, thus implying a gap in the literature regarding the role of education in enhancing or mitigating the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV). In this context, the question is how do educated women perceive surviving abusive relationships? Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), using flexible semi-structured face-to-face interviews, was conducted to understand the experiences of eight highly educated women (master’s, Ph.D.) in abusive marriage. Four superordinate interrelated themes were developed: (a) developing an awareness of self-respect generating role confusion, (b) being torn between traditions and ambitions, (c) normalizing abuse as part of marriage, and (d) challenging abuse by self-promotion. Like other survivors of abuse, educated women tried to justify, blame themselves, work harder to please the perpetrator, and promote themselves; finally, they continued to live their lives by embracing abuse to bring peace and save their marriage. The effect of sociocultural context on educated women’s perspectives seems to play a crucial role in women’s decisions to stay in abusive relationships, despite the assumptions of empowerment and independence

"A pain that ruins mountains" : a case study of factors influencing postoperative pain management in two Jordanian hospitals

Postoperative pain is still poorly managed among surgical patients despite evidence-based approaches to its treatment being well established. Prompted by the persistence of this problem, many researchers have studied factors influencing postoperative pain management. Empirical clinical research has dominated this area and has presented a set of factors which, albeit important, have not taken into account the influence of contextual factors on the individual’s practices in pain management. This study is designed to examine the role of context on the practices and interactions of professionals and patients during postoperative pain management. Informed by the insights of post-structuralism, it uses nonparticipant observation, informal and semi-structured interviews with participants of both genders (29 staff nurses, 13 surgeons, 38 patients, and 20 patients’ family members), and a document review to construct a case study of four surgical patients’ wards in two Jordanian hospitals. Also included is a descriptive analysis of pain and distress scores, and a thematic analysis of the raw data The findings reveal both a significant problem with pain among Jordanian surgical patients, and limited engagement by nurses in postoperative pain management. It is found that a series of socio-cultural and organizational factors limit participants’ practices in respect of pain management. Influential socio-cultural factors include: sexual surveillance, an inferior public view of nurses, patriarchal ideas, and use of personal influence (wasta). Organisational factors include: hierarchical observations, fear of punishment, the subordination of nursing staff, perceptions of low staffing and high workload, and social hierarchies, such as rank. In combination these contextual factors operate as a set of disciplinary and power mechanisms that limit the ability of nurses to become involved in patients’ pain management; impede nursing professionalism by restricting autonomy and self-regulation; reduce some of the patients’ willingness to communicate pain and lead to a reluctance to be cared for by professionals of a different gender. It is concluded that in this area organisational policies are subservient to nurses’ culturally constructed approaches to pain management. As such, socio-cultural factors appeared to have a greater effect than organizational factors. Recommendations are made to address the situation and provide for appropriate pain relief after surgery.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

ASPECTS OF SEEDLING PRODUCTION OF Clathrotropis brunnea Amshoff, A THREATENED LEGUME TREE FROM COLOMBIAN RAINFORESTS

Seedling production is crucial to assist restoration and conservation practices of tropical rainforest species. In the present study, we evaluated seedling production of Clathrotropis brunnea Amshoff, a legume tree native to tropical forests of Colombia. Seedling emergence parameters were assessed regarding two classes of seed mass (small seeds 6.1 g) and tree levels of seed moisture content (control, 30% and 25%). Initial growth was evaluated in two sizes of plastic bags (small: 10 cm diameter x 25 cm height, with a volume of 1,700 cm3, and large: 15 cm x 35 cm and volume of 3,900 cm3), besides tree growth periods in the nursery (170, 205 and 235 days after sowing – DAS). Large seeds provided higher seedlings and reached a greater emergence percentage (93%) compared to the small ones (79%). On average, seeds reached 73% of emergence in the three moisture levels, including when desiccated from 47% in the control (fresh seeds) to 25%. To optimize seedling production and costs, large seeds can be sown in small bags, growing for a minimum of 205 DAS. The in-field performance of the produced seedlings remains to be tested according to these recommendations

“A artista está ausente” e o respiro em meio ao caos

Ensaio sobre o projeto A artista está ausente.“A artista está ausente” e o respiro em meio ao cao

Eimeria peltocephali n. sp., (Apicomplexa:Eimeriidae) from the Freshwater Turtle Peltocephalus dumerilianus (Chelonia:Pelomusidae) and Eimeria molossi n. sp., from the Bat, Molossus ater (Mammalia: Chiroptera)

The oocyst is described of Eimeria peltocephali n.sp. from faeces of the freshwater turtle Peltocephalus dumerilianus from Barcelos, State of Amazonas, Brazil. Sporulation is exogenous and fully developed oocysts are elongate, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, frequently curved to a banana-shape, 54.4 ×19.1 (37.5 - 68.7 × 18.7-20.0 μm), shape-index 2.8 (1.8 -3.9). The oocyst wall is a single thin, colourless layer about 1 μm thick, with no micropyle. There is a bulky oocyst residuum, at first spherical to ellipsoidal, 19 × 16 (16. 2 -26.2 × 16 - 21.5μm) , but becoming dispersed on maturation. There are no polar bodies. The sporocysts, 19.1 × 6.8 (17.5 -21.2 × 6.2 -7.5 ×m), shape- index 2.8 (2.3 -3.2), are usually disposed in pairs at each end of the oocyst, and bear an inconspicuous Stieda body in the form of a flat cap. The sporozoites are elongate and slightly curved around the residuum. No refractile bodies were seen. Eimeria molossi n.sp., is described from the molossid bat Molossus ater. Sporulation is exogenous and the mature oocysts are predominantly broadly ellipsoidal, 23.4 × 17.5 (18-30 × 15-22.5 μm), shape-index 1.3 (1-1.6). The oocyst wall is about 2 μm thick, and of three layers: an inner thin, colourless one and two outer layers which are thicker, yellowish-brown, prominently striated and in close apposition. There is no micropyle or oocyst residuum, but one and occasionally two polar bodies are usually present. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal, 10.2 × 7.5 (10-12.5 × 7.5 μm), shape-index 1.4 (1.3-1.7) with an inconspicuous Stieda body. Endogenous stages are described in the epithelial cells of the small intestine

De fora para dentro: olhando o quotidiano e o urbano através da videodança

Este Relatório de Trabalho de Projecto teórico-prático tem como questão central investigar a relação artística entre o vídeo, o urbano e o feminino, na vertente da videoarte performativa ligada à dança contemporânea. Esta pesquisa tem como alicerces principais os conceitos de transitoriedade, autobiografia, videodança e o pensamento de autores como Diogo Theotonio Angeli, Dorotea Bastos e as artistas Maya Deren, Katrina McPherson, Agnés Varda, Marina Abramovic, Anne Terese De Keersmaeker, Loie Fuller e Pina Bausch. O meu trabalho artístico foca-se sobre o modo como o meu corpo se apresenta na cidade, nos seus movimentos cotidianos e naturais, instigados pelo ambiente e por quem se move nos lugares que percorro. Salienta-se que este trabalho não é documental, mas sobretudo uma obra de ficção. Tenho como objetivo principal registar os meus próprios movimentos e deslocações corporais no meio urbano, que são por vezes desencadeados pelas acções e actividades de outras pessoas e realidades citadinas cotidianas que me envolvem. Os meus movimentos moldam-se igualmente às condições em que o mundo se encontra e, nessa medida, o meu corpo é afectado por diferentes conjunturas como, por exemplo, a actual pandemia do coronavírus. As minhas experiências enquanto artista são o material principal da minha arte e a essência do meu trabalho; Abstract: From Outside to Inside: Looking at everyday life and the urban through screendance This theoretical-practical project has as its central question to investigate the artistic relationship between video, urban and feminine, in the aspect of the most performative video art linked to contemporary dance. This research has as main foundations the concepts of transience, autobiography, videodance and the thinking of authors such as Diogo Theotonio Angeli, Dorotea Bastos and the artists Maya Deren, Katrina McPherson, Agnés Varda, Marina Abramovic, Anne Terese De Keersmaeker, Loie Fuller and Pina Bausch. My artistic work focuses on the way my body presents itself in the city, in its everyday and natural movements, instigated by the environment and by those who move in the places I travel. It is emphasised that this work is not documentary, but rather a work of fiction. My main aim is to record my own movements and bodily dislocations in the urban environment, which are sometimes triggered by the actions and activities of other people and everyday city realities that surround me. My movements are also shaped by the conditions in which the world finds itself, and to that extent my body is affected by different conjunctures such as the current coronavirus pandemic. My experiences as an artist are the main material of my art and the essence of my work