34 research outputs found
A study of the relative effectiveness of two methods of reporting laboratory exercises in general science
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112299/1/3730130408_ftp.pd
Stellar Crowding and the Science Case for Extremely Large Telescopes
We present a study of the effect of crowding on stellar photometry. We
develop an analytical model through which we are able to predict the error in
magnitude and color for a given star for any combination of telescope
resolution, stellar luminosity function, background surface brightness, and
distance. We test our predictions with Monte Carlo simulations of the LMC
globular cluster NGC 1835, for resolutions corresponding to a seeing-limited
telescope, the , and an AO-corrected 30-m (near diffraction limited)
telescope. Our analytically predicted magnitude errors agree with the
simulation results to within 20%. The analytical model also predicts that
errors in color are strongly affected by the correlation of crowding--induced
photometric errors between bands as is seen in the simulations. Using
additional Monte Carlo simulations and our analytical crowding model, we
investigate the photometric accuracy which 30-m and 100-m Extremely Large
Telescopes (ELTs) will be able to achieve at distances extending to the Virgo
cluster. We argue that for stellar populations work, ELTs quickly become
crowding-limited, suggesting that low--Strehl AO systems may be sufficient for
this type of science.Comment: 25 pages, 19 figures in 35 separate files, Astronomical Journal,
accepte
LYMAN-ALPHA FOREST CORRELATIONS USING NEIGHBOR COUNTS
We present a novel technique for calculating the two-point autocorrelation
function of the Lyman-alpha forest based on the relation between the two-point
correlation function and the Neighbor Probability Distribution Functions. The
technique appears to reduce the scatter in estimates of the correlation
function by a factor of about two from the traditional pair-counting method. We
apply the technique to the Lyman-alpha forest line lists determined from the
spectra of seven z > 2 QSOs observed at high resolution ( < 25 km/s ). Of
these, only two spectra, those of Q0055-259 and Q0014+813, appear to be
sufficiently free of systematics to obtain meaningful estimates of the
correlation function. We find positive correlations, with a maximum amplitude
of 0.5 - 1, on the scale of 0.5 - 3 h^{-1} Mpc (comoving), or 100 - 600 km/s,
in the forests of both QSOs. The technique also finds strong evidence for
anticorrelation on the scale of 3 - 6 h^{-1} Mpc. The strength of the positive
correlations is comparable to that predicted from the primordial power spectrum
inferred from optically-selected galaxy redshift surveys. If the
anticorrelations are physical, it becomes unclear whether the detected
clustering is consistent with current models of structure formation with a
homogeneous photoionizing UV metagalactic background. Instead, the
anti-clustering may require inhomogeneity in the UV background, and possibly in
the process of reionization itself.Comment: 18 pages, uuencoded, compressed, postscript, figures included. To
appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letter
Mutations in the voltage-gated potassium channel gene KCNH1 cause Temple-Baraitser syndrome and epilepsy (vol 47, pg 73, 2015)
"Mutations in the voltage-gated potassium channel gene KCNH1 cause Temple-Baraitser syndrome and epilepsy" published in Nature Genetics (2015), volume 47, pp.73-77
Magnetic Fields toward Ophiuchus-B Derived from SCUBA-2 Polarization Measurements
We present the results of dust emission polarization measurements of Ophiuchus-B (Oph-B) carried out using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) camera with its associated polarimeter (POL-2) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii. This work is part of the B-fields in Star-forming Region Observations survey initiated to understand the role of magnetic fields in star formation for nearby star-forming molecular clouds. We present a first look at the geometry and strength of magnetic fields in Oph-B. The field geometry is traced over ~0.2 pc, with clear detection of both of the sub-clumps of Oph-B. The field pattern appears significantly disordered in sub-clump Oph-B1. The field geometry in Oph-B2 is more ordered, with a tendency to be along the major axis of the clump, parallel to the filamentary structure within which it lies. The degree of polarization decreases systematically toward the dense core material in the two sub-clumps. The field lines in the lower density material along the periphery are smoothly joined to the large-scale magnetic fields probed by NIR polarization observations. We estimated a magnetic field strength of 630 ± 410 μG in the Oph-B2 sub-clump using a Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi analysis. With this magnetic field strength, we find a mass-to-flux ratio λ = 1.6 ± 1.1, which suggests that the Oph-B2 clump is slightly magnetically supercritical
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) Science White Paper
The Wide-field Spectroscopic Telescope (WST) is proposed as a new facility dedicated to the efficient delivery of spectroscopic surveys. This white paper summarises the initial concept as well as the corresponding science cases. WST will feature simultaneous operation of a large field-of-view (3 sq. degree), a high multiplex (20,000) multi-object spectrograph (MOS) and a giant 3x3 sq. arcmin integral field spectrograph (IFS). In scientific capability these requirements place WST far ahead of existing and planned facilities. Given the current investment in deep imaging surveys and noting the diagnostic power of
spectroscopy, WST will fill a crucial gap in astronomical capability and work synergistically with future ground and space-based facilities. This white paper shows that WST can address outstanding scientific questions in the areas of cosmology; galaxy assembly, evolution, and enrichment, including our own Milky Way; origin of stars and planets; time domain and multi-messenger astrophysics. WST's uniquely rich dataset will deliver unforeseen discoveries in many of these areas. The WST Science Team (already including more than 500 scientists worldwide) is open to the all astronomical community. To register in the WST Science Team please visit https://www.wstelescope.com/for-scientists/participat
Knowledge Discovery in Databases: PKDD 2004, 8th European Conference on Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases, Pisa, Italy, September 20-24, 2004, Proceedings
International audienc
Clustering and local magnification effects in atom probe tomography: A statistical approach
International audienceLocal magnification effects and trajectory overlaps related to the presence of a second phase (clusters) are key problems and still open issues in the assessment of quantitative composition data in three-dimensional atom probe tomography (APT) particularly for tiny solute-enriched clusters. A model based on the distribution of distance of first nearest neighbor atoms has been developed to exhibit the variations in the apparent atomic density in reconstructed volumes and to correct compositions that are biased by local magnification effects. This model was applied to both simulated APT reconstructions and real experimental data and shows an excellent agreement with the expected composition of clusters
Clustering and local magnification effects in atom probe tomography: A statistical approach
International audienceLocal magnification effects and trajectory overlaps related to the presence of a second phase (clusters) are key problems and still open issues in the assessment of quantitative composition data in three-dimensional atom probe tomography (APT) particularly for tiny solute-enriched clusters. A model based on the distribution of distance of first nearest neighbor atoms has been developed to exhibit the variations in the apparent atomic density in reconstructed volumes and to correct compositions that are biased by local magnification effects. This model was applied to both simulated APT reconstructions and real experimental data and shows an excellent agreement with the expected composition of clusters
Machine Learning: ECML 2004, 15th European Conference on Machine Learning, Pisa, Italy, September 20-24, 2004, Proceedings
International audienc