Paciente con lesión medular y trastorno disocial de la personalidad

Medullar lesion is a major, severe, incapacitating and devastating condition that affects all personality structure. We present here the case of an admitted patient with a traumatic medullary lesion and dissocial personality disorder. The intellectual level and clinical patterns of personality were evaluated to contribute to a better understanding of the rehabilitation process.La lesión medular es una discapacidad mayor, severa y devastadora que altera toda la estructura de personalidad del que la padece, con mayor impacto si se instala en otros cuadros clínicos de base. En este reporte, se presenta el caso de un paciente hospitalizado, con lesión medular traumática y trastorno disocial de la personalidad. Se evalúa el nivel intelectual y patrones clínicos de personalidad, a fin de contribuir a una mejor comprensión y manejo en el proceso de rehabilitación integral de estos pacientes

Neutrophils self-limit swarming to contain bacterial growth in vivo

Neutrophils communicate with each other to form swarms in infected organs. Coordination of this population response is critical for the elimination of bacteria and fungi. Using transgenic mice, we found that neutrophils have evolved an intrinsic mechanism to self-limit swarming and avoid uncontrolled aggregation during inflammation. G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization acts as a negative feedback control to stop migration of neutrophils when they sense high concentrations of self-secreted attractants that initially amplify swarming. Interference with this process allows neutrophils to scan larger tissue areas for microbes. Unexpectedly, this does not benefit bacterial clearance as containment of proliferating bacteria by neutrophil clusters becomes impeded. Our data reveal how autosignaling stops self-organized swarming behavior and how the finely tuned balance of neutrophil chemotaxis and arrest counteracts bacterial escape

Resistência antimicrobiana nos principais recursos aquícolas dos departamentos de Tumbes, Piura, San Martin e Puno

[Objective] The objective of this study was to analyze antimicrobial resistance in Peruvian aquaculture. [Methodology] An observational, descriptive study was carried out. Samples of Argopecten purpuratus, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oreochromis niloticus and Litopenaeus vannamei were included. The bacteria Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Aeromonas spp., and Flavobacterium psychrophilum were isolated. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated using antibiograms, and resistant samples were sequenced to identify antimicrobial resistance genes. Absolute and percentage frequencies were calculated. In addition, Wald, Clopper-Pearson, and pooled prevalence confidence intervals were estimated. [Results] In the case of A. purpuratus, 22.2% (95% CI:2.81-60.00) of the E. coli samples were resistant to oxytetracycline. Resistant samples were found in 4.44% (n=2) of the aquaculture production centers (APCs). In O. mykiss, 88.89% (95% CI:51.16-99.72) of the Enterococcus spp. were resistant to fosfomycin and oxytetracycline. Resistant samples were found in12.96% of the APCs (n=7). Regarding O. niloticus, 47.31% (95% CI: 37.16-57.46) of the E. coli samples were resistant to oxytetracycline>ampicilline>chloramphenicol>fosfomycin and azithromycin. Resistant samples were encountered in 50% of the APCs (n=19). In addition, 89.36% (95% CI:80.55-98.18) of the Enterococcus spp. were resistant to Fosfomycin> chloranphenicol and colistin> oxytetracycline>azithromycin>ampicilline; resistant samples were found in 36.84% of the APCs (n=14). In L. vannamei, 87.11% (95% CI:83.00-91.21) of the Enterococcus spp. samples were resistant to Fosfomycin> colistin> oxytetracycline> azithromycin>ampicilline and resistant samples were found in 100% of the APCs (n=33). Likewise, 35.05% (95% CI:29.74-40.23) of the V. parahaemolyticus samples were resistant to ampicilline>fosfomycin>oxytetracycline>azithromycin>eritromicine>enrofloxacin> ampicilline> chloranfhenicol. Resistant samples were found in 78.79% (n=26) of the APCs. [Conclusions] The percentage of APCs with O. niloticus and L. vannamei showed that antimicrobial resistance was high.[Objetivo] El objetivo fue analizar la resistencia antimicrobiana en la acuicultura peruana. [Metodología] Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo. Se incluyeron muestras de las especies Argopecten purpuratus, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oreochromis niloticus y Litopenaeus vannamei. Se aislaron bacterias del género Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp. y Aeromonas spp., y especies de Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, y Flavobacterium psychrophilum. La resistencia antimicrobiana fue evaluada mediante antibiograma y las muestras resistentes fueron secuenciadas para identificar genes de resistencia antimicrobiana. Se calculó la frecuencia absoluta y porcentual, además, se estimaron los intervalos de confianza de Wald, de Clopper-Pearson, y prevalencia agrupada. [Resultados] Respecto a A. purpuratus, el 22,2 % (IC95%:2,81-60,00) de las muestras de E. coli fueron resistentes a oxitetraciclina. Estas pertenecían al 4,44 % (n=2) de los centros de producción acuícola (CPA). En O. mykiss, el 88,89% (IC95%:51,16-99,72) de las muestras de Enterococcus spp. fueron resistentes a fosfomicina y oxitetraciclina. Estas pertenecían al 12,96 % de los CPA (n=7). En referencia a O. niloticus, el 47,31 % (IC95%: 37,16-57,46) de las muestras de E. coli fueron resistentes oxitetraciclina>ampicilina>cloranfenicol>fosfomicina y azitromicina. Estas pertenecían al 50 % de los CPA (n=19). Además, 89, 36% (IC95 %:80,55-98,18) de las muestras de Enterococcus spp. fueron resistentes a fosfomicina>cloranfenicol y colistina>oxitetraciclina>azitromicina>ampicilina; estas pertenecían al 36,84 % de los CPA (n=14). En L. vannamei, el 87,11 % (IC95%:83,00-91,21) de las muestras de Enterococcus spp. fueron resistentes a fosfomicina>colistina>oxitetraciclina>azitromicina>eritromicina>enrofloxacino> ampicilina>cloranfenicol y estas pertenecían al 100 % de los CPA (n=33). Asimismo, 35,05 % (IC95%: 29,74-40,23) de las muestras de V. parahaemolyticus fueron resistentes a ampicilina>fosfomicina>colistina>oxitetraciclina>azitromicina. Estas pertenecían al 78,79 % (n=26) de los CPA. [Conclusiones] El porcentaje de CPA de O. niloticus y L. vannamei, mostraron mayor resistencia antimicrobiana del estudio.[Objetivo] O objetivo foi analisar a resistência antimicrobiana na aquicultura peruana. [Metodologia] Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo. Foram incluídas amostras das espécies Argopecten purpuratus, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oreochromis niloticus e Litopenaeus vannamei.   Foram isoladas bactérias dos gêneros Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Aeromonas spp., e espécies de Escherichia coli, Vibrio parahaemolyticus e Flavobacterium psychrophilum. A resistência antimicrobiana foi avaliada por meio de antibiograma, e amostras resistentes foram sequenciadas para identificar genes de resistência antimicrobiana. Foram calculadas as frequências absoluta e percentual, além dos intervalos de confiança de Wald, Clopper-Pearson e as prevalências agrupadas. [Resultados] Em relação a A. purpuratus, 22,2% (IC 95%: 2,81-60,00) das amostras de E. coli foram resistentes à oxitetraciclina. Estes pertenciam a 4,44 % (n=2) dos centros de produção aquícola (CPA). Em O. mykiss, 88,89% (IC 95%: 51,16-99,72) das amostras de Enterococcus spp. foram resistentes à fosfomicina e oxitetraciclina.  Estas pertenciam a 12,96% das CPAs (n=7). Em relação a O. niloticus, 47,31 % (IC 95%: 37,16-57,46) das amostras de E. coli foram resistentes à oxitetraciclina>ampicilina>cloranfenicol>fosfomicina e azitromicina. Estas pertenciam a 50% das CPAs (n=19). Além disso, 89,36% (IC95%: 80,55-98,18) das amostras de Enterococcus spp. foram resistentes a fosfomicina>cloranfenicol e colistina>oxitetraciclina>azitromicina>ampicilina; estas pertenciam a 36,84% das CPAs (n=14). Em L. vannamei, 87,11% (IC 95%: 83,00-91,21) das amostras de Enterococcus spp foram resistentes à fosfomicina>colistina>oxitetraciclina>azitromicina>eritromicina>enrofloxacina> ampicilina>cloranfenicol e pertenciam a 100% das CPAs (n=33). Além disso, 35,05% (IC 95%: 29,74-40,23) das amostras de V. parahaemolyticus foram resistentes à ampicilina>fosfomicina>colistina>oxitetraciclina>azitromicina. Estas pertenciam a 78,79% (n=26) das CPAs. [Conclusões] A porcentagem de CPA de O. niloticus e L. vannamei, mostrou maior resistência antimicrobiana do estudo

Impact of comorbidity on the short- and medium-term risk of revision in total hip and knee arthroplasty

Background: The impact of comorbidity on the risk of revision in patients undergoing Total Knee arthroplasty (TKA) and Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is not currently well known. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of comorbidity on the risk of revision in TKA and THA. Methods: Patients recorded in the Catalan Arthroplasty Register (RACat) between 01/01/2005 and 31/12/2016 undergoing TKA (n = 49,701) and THA (n = 17,923) caused by osteoarthritis were included. As main explanatory factors, comorbidity burden was assessed by the Elixhauser index, categorized, and specific comorbidities from the index were taken into account. Descriptive analyses for comorbidity burden and specific conditions were done. Additionally, incidence at 1 and 5 years' follow-up was calculated, and adjusted Competing Risks models were fitted. Results: A higher incidence of revision was observed when the number of comorbidities was high, both at 1 and 5 years for THA, but only at 1 year for TKA. Of the specific conditions, only obesity was related to the incidence of revision at 1 year in both joints, and at 5 years in TKA. The risk of revision was related to deficiency anemia and liver diseases in TKA, while in THA, it was related to peripheral vascular disorders, metastatic cancer and psychoses. Conclusions: Different conditions, depending on the joint, might be related to higher revision rates. This information could be relevant for clinical decision-making, patient-specific information and improving the results of both TKA and THA.This article is freely available via Open Access. Click on the Publisher URL to access it via the publisher's site.The present study was funded by CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) as part of the aid for short internships granted to Jorge Arias-de la Torre in 2017 and 2018.published version, accepted versio

Módulo de vivienda con material reciclable en la ciudad de Huánuco

La construcción de un módulo de vivienda con materiales reciclables aporta con un sistema constructivo innovador y permite cambiar la conducta ambiental. El objetivo de la investigación es la construcción de un módulo de vivienda con material reciclable en la ciudad de Huánuco, transformando los residuos sólidos en elementos útiles para la construcción de viviendas, así mismo presentar una propuesta de solución al problema de déficit de viviendas y al problema de contaminación ambiental. La metodología planteada genera nuevo conocimiento en la experiencia proyectual de un proyecto hecho o de uno a construir. Se realizó ensayos de compresión de las botellas de plásticos y se analizó la cimentación. Se concluyó que los neumáticos de aro 16 son aptos para utilizarlos en la cimentación y en las ventanas; los neumáticos de trimoviles son aptos para el sobrecimiento; las botellas (pet) de agua mineral, rellena con tierra compacta son aptos para los muros y las fajas de neumáticos son aptos para la cobertura

Personality profiles of cultures: aggregate personality traits

Personality profiles of cultures can be operationalized as the mean trait levels of culture members. College students from 51 cultures rated an individual from their country whom they knew well (N = 12, 156). Aggregate scores on Revised NEO Personality Inventory scales generalized across age and gender groups, approximated the individual-level Five-Factor Model, and correlated with aggregate self-report personality scores and other culture-level variables. Results were not attributable to national differences in economic development or to acquiescence. Geographical differences in scale variances and mean levels were replicated, with Europeans and Americans generally scoring higher in Extraversion than Asians and Africans. Findings support the rough scalar equivalence of NEO-PI-R factors and facets across cultures, and suggest that aggregate personality profiles provide insight into cultural differences

RNA delivery by extracellular vesicles in mammalian cells and its applications.

The term 'extracellular vesicles' refers to a heterogeneous population of vesicular bodies of cellular origin that derive either from the endosomal compartment (exosomes) or as a result of shedding from the plasma membrane (microvesicles, oncosomes and apoptotic bodies). Extracellular vesicles carry a variety of cargo, including RNAs, proteins, lipids and DNA, which can be taken up by other cells, both in the direct vicinity of the source cell and at distant sites in the body via biofluids, and elicit a variety of phenotypic responses. Owing to their unique biology and roles in cell-cell communication, extracellular vesicles have attracted strong interest, which is further enhanced by their potential clinical utility. Because extracellular vesicles derive their cargo from the contents of the cells that produce them, they are attractive sources of biomarkers for a variety of diseases. Furthermore, studies demonstrating phenotypic effects of specific extracellular vesicle-associated cargo on target cells have stoked interest in extracellular vesicles as therapeutic vehicles. There is particularly strong evidence that the RNA cargo of extracellular vesicles can alter recipient cell gene expression and function. During the past decade, extracellular vesicles and their RNA cargo have become better defined, but many aspects of extracellular vesicle biology remain to be elucidated. These include selective cargo loading resulting in substantial differences between the composition of extracellular vesicles and source cells; heterogeneity in extracellular vesicle size and composition; and undefined mechanisms for the uptake of extracellular vesicles into recipient cells and the fates of their cargo. Further progress in unravelling the basic mechanisms of extracellular vesicle biogenesis, transport, and cargo delivery and function is needed for successful clinical implementation. This Review focuses on the current state of knowledge pertaining to packaging, transport and function of RNAs in extracellular vesicles and outlines the progress made thus far towards their clinical applications

Diagnóstico y estrategias para mejorar la gestión I+D+i en la Universidad Nacional de San Martín

La gestión de la investigación, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación (I+D+i) en la UNSM muestra avances notables en los últimos años. Ello se evidencia en la continua evolución de los indicadores de gestión y de resultados de la investigación, así como la articulación y consolidación del ecosistema de I+D+i que impulsa nuestra casa superior de estudio, con los principales actores de desarrollo en la región San Martín

Polifenoles totales y capacidad antioxidante en cáscara y hojas de doce cítricos

Los cítricos son importantes por su aporte en vitamina C; asimismo, los polifenoles muestran interés por sus efectos benéficos hacia la salud. El objetivo de la investigación fue cuantificar polifenoles totales y evaluar la capacidad antioxidante en cáscaras y hojas de 12 variedades de cítricos. Las muestras se obtuvieron de diferentes zonas de la provincia de Leoncio Prado en la Región Huánuco, y se evaluó el contenido de polifenoles y la actividad antioxidante frente al radical DPPH y ABTS+. El mayor contenido de polifenoles en cáscara fue para la Mandarina común y Toronja con 3,22 ± 0,05 y 3,08 ± 0,03 mg AGE/100 g muestra y en hojas fue para mandarina común y mandarina Cleopatra con 2,86 ± 0,04 y 2,92 ± 0,04 mg AGE/100 g muestra. En cáscara, la mayor capacidad para secuestrar radicales DPPH fue mandarina común, Cleopatra y río oro, frente a ABTS+ fueron limón Tahiti, mandarina cleopatra, naranja valencia, tangelo y toronja; en hojas fue el tangelo y mandarina Cleopatra. La cáscara y hojas de diversos cítricos investigados son fuente importante de antioxidantes naturales, los cuales podrían ser utilizados y explotados por la industria para ser incluidos en el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales