1,153 research outputs found
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Service user involvement in the evaluation of psycho-social intervention for self-harm: a systematic literature review
Background: The efficacy of interventions and treatments for self-harm is well researched. Previous reviews of the literature have highlighted the lack of definitively effective interventions for self-harm and have highlighted the need for future research. These recommendations are also reflected in clinical guidelines published by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE, 2004) which also call for service user involvement in studies of treatment efficacy. Aims: A systematic review was undertaken to determine i) what contributions service users have made to the evaluation of psychosocial interventions ii) by what methods have service users been involved iii) in what ways could service user involvement supplement empirical evidence for interventions
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A pilot study examining the frequency of adjudication and self-harm incidents across two phases of the Westgate Personality Disorder Treatment Service. Final Report for HMP Frankland
Radiative Transfer in Prestellar Cores: A Monte Carlo Approach
We use our Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to study non-embedded
prestellar cores and cores that are embedded at the centre of a molecular
cloud. Our study indicates that the temperature inside embedded cores is lower
than in isolated non-embedded cores, and generally less than 12 K, even when
the cores are surrounded by an ambient cloud of small visual extinction (Av~5).
Our study shows that the best wavelength region to observe embedded cores is
between 400 and 500 microns, where the core is quite distinct from the
background. We also predict that very sensitive observations (~1-3 MJy/sr) at
170-200 microns can be used to estimate how deeply a core is embedded in its
parent molecular cloud. Finally, we present preliminary results of asymmetric
models of non-embedded cores.Comment: 8 pages, 15 figures, to appear in the conference proceedings of "Open
Issues in Local Star Formation and Early Stellar Evolution", held in Ouro
Preto (Brazil), April 5-10, 200
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Evaluation of adult mental health rehabilitation services for Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
A SCUBA survey of the NGC 2068/2071 protoclusters
We report the results of a submillimeter dust continuum survey of the
protoclusters NGC 2068 and NGC 2071 in Orion B carried out at 850 microns and
450 microns with SCUBA on JCMT. The mapped region is ~ 32' x 18' in size (~ 4
pc x 2 pc) and consists of filamentary dense cores which break up into
small-scale (~ 5000 AU) fragments, including 70 starless condensations and 5
circumstellar envelopes/disks. The starless condensations, seen on the same
spatial scales as protostellar envelopes, are likely to be gravitationally
bound and pre-stellar in nature. Their mass spectrum, ranging from ~ 0.3 Msun
to ~ 5 Msun, is reminiscent of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). Their
mass-size relation suggests that they originate from gravitationally-driven
fragmentation. We thus argue that pre-collapse cloud fragmentation plays a
major role in shaping the IMF.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Letter accepted by Astronomy &
Astrophysic
Molecular Tracers of Embedded Star Formation in Ophiuchus
In this paper we analyze nine SCUBA cores in Ophiuchus using the
second-lowest rotational transitions of four molecular species (12CO, 13CO,
C18O, and C17O) to search for clues to the evolutionary state and
star-formation activity within each core. Specifically, we look for evidence of
outflows, infall, and CO depletion. The line wings in the CO spectra are used
to detect outflows, spectral asymmetries in 13CO are used to determine infall
characteristics, and a comparison of the dust emission (from SCUBA
observations) and gas emission (from C18O) is used to determine the fractional
CO freeze-out.
Through comparison with Spitzer observations of protostellar sources in
Ophiuchus, we discuss the usefulness of CO and its isotopologues as the sole
indicators of the evolutionary state of each core. This study is an important
pilot project for the JCMT Legacy Survey of the Gould Belt (GBS) and the
Galactic Plane (JPS), which intend to complement the SCUBA-2 dust continuum
observations with HARP observations of 12CO, 13CO, C18O, and C17O J = 3 - 2 in
order to determine whether or not the cold dust clumps detected by SCUBA-2 are
protostellar or starless objects.
Our classification of the evolutionary state of the cores (based on molecular
line maps and SCUBA observations) is in agreement with the Spitzer designation
for six or seven of the nine SCUBA cores. However, several important caveats
exist in the interpretation of these results, many of which large mapping
surveys like the GBS may be able to overcome to provide a clearer picture of
activity in crowded fields.Comment: 43 pages including 19 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in
the PAS
What is the pattern of self-harm and prison rule-breaking behaviour in personality disordered offenders in a high secure prison?
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the pattern of self-harm (SH) and proven prison-rule-breaking (PRB) behaviour in prisoners receiving treatment for personality disorders (PDs) within a high secure prison.
Design/methodology/approach – A comparative quantitative case study design supported the understanding of the frequency and pattern of SH and PRB behavior across two stages of a personality disorder (PD) treatment programme for 74 male prisoners. Data obtained from the prison’s records was analysed using dependent t tests, chi square test of independence and time-frequency analyses.
Findings – Inferential statistics showed that the frequency of SH and PRB behaviour statistically increased across two phases of the PD treatment programme, however the method of SH or type of PRB behaviour engaged in did not change. Mapping the frequencies of incidents using a time-frequency analysis shows the patterns of both behaviours to be erratic, peaking in the latter phase of treatment, yet the frequency of incidents tended to decline over time.
Originality/value – This is the first study to explore SH and PRB behaviours in men across two phases of a PD treatment programme. This study highlights the need for continued psychological support alongside the PD treatment programme with a focus on supporting men in treatment to effectively manage their SH and PRB behaviour
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Evaluation of Inclusive Services for Older Prisoners' Project at HMP Wakefield
Recommended from our members
Evaluation of the Inclusive Services for Older Prisoners' Project (ISOPP) at HMP Whatton
Massive Protoplanetary Disks in the Trapezium Region
(abridged) We determine the disk mass distribution around 336 stars in the
young Orion Nebula cluster by imaging a 2.5' x 2.5' region in 3 mm continuum
emission with the Owens Valley Millimeter Array. For this sample of 336 stars,
we observe 3 mm emission above the 3-sigma noise level toward ten sources, six
of which have also been detected optically in silhouette against the bright
nebular background. In addition, we detect 20 objects that do not correspond to
known near-IR cluster members. Comparisons of our measured fluxes with longer
wavelength observations enable rough separation of dust emission from thermal
free-free emission, and we find substantial dust emission toward most objects.
For the ten objects detected at both 3 mm and near-IR wavelengths, eight
exhibit substantial dust emission. Excluding the high-mass stars and assuming a
gas-to-dust ratio of 100, we estimate circumstellar masses ranging from 0.13 to
0.39 Msun. For the cluster members not detected at 3 mm, images of individual
objects are stacked to constrain the mean 3 mm flux of the ensemble. The
average flux is detected at the 3-sigma confidence level, and implies an
average disk mass of 0.005 Msun, comparable to the minimum mass solar nebula.
The percentage of stars in Orion surrounded by disks more massive than ~0.1
Msun is consistent with the disk mass distribution in Taurus, and we argue that
massive disks in Orion do not appear to be truncated through close encounters
with high-mass stars. Comparison of the average disk mass and number of massive
dusty structures in Orion with similar surveys of the NGC 2024 and IC 348
clusters constrains the evolutionary timescales of massive circumstellar disks
in clustered environments.Comment: 27 pages, including 7 figures. Accepted by Ap
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